The prince ordinary or arctic raspberry: description and characteristics of the berry. An ordinary princess: botanical description, growing conditions and reproduction Kamchatka princess

The princess or arctic raspberry is a perennial plant from the Pink family. It is also popularly known as raspberries, drupes, khokhlushki. The main value of this culture lies in fragrant fruits that resemble raspberries in taste, and in external structure.

Botanical description of the common princess

The common princess is a herbaceous perennial plant with a long creeping rhizome. The depth of its occurrence can leave from 15 to 25 cm. The total height of the plant is no more than 20 cm. The leaves of the princess are trifoliate, slightly wrinkled, in appearance they resemble raspberry leaves. The flowering period is late June - early July. Flowers are pink, single, up to 2 cm in diameter.

The flowering period for the princess is quite extended, and can last for a month. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of August.

The princess berry is a drupe, consisting of 25-50 small fruit fruits. In appearance, it is very much like a berry. Fruit color varies from deep raspberry to dark purple with a slight bluish bloom. The berries are characterized by a sweet and sour taste with a characteristic aroma.

The aboveground part of the prince is renewed annually, and new shoots grow from the buds located on the roots. Currently, there are varietal forms of this plant. As a result of crossing, a hybrid of a princess and a raspberry was obtained, which was named nectar raspberry.

Growing conditions in the garden

Loose soils of peat or sandy origin with an acidic or slightly acidic reaction are suitable for growing this berry. The princess prefers slightly shaded, constantly humid places with fertile soils. She feels best under the shade of trees or in the shade of buildings.

It is desirable that direct sunlight falls on it only in the evening or morning hours. When preparing the soil for planting the princess, well-rotted manure or compost, peat, or, in its absence, land taken from under the spruce is introduced for digging. Also, on poor soils, superphosphate and potassium salt are additionally introduced.

A bed for planting is laid about 1 meter wide. Shortly before planting, for the purpose of disinfection, it is spilled with a pink solution of potassium permanganate. Plants in a row method at a distance of 25 cm from each other. The row spacing must be at least 80 cm.

Caring for the princess consists in the systematic removal of weeds, loosening the soil and watering. Also, annually it is necessary to mulch the surface of the beds with peat or well-rotted manure.

The main methods of breeding

The princess can be propagated both by seed and vegetative way. To obtain plants that have inherited varietal maternal traits, the division of the bush or the deposition of root suckers is most often used.

The seeds of the meadow very quickly lose their germination, so they are sown immediately after collection. They are also rather tightly similar and therefore require preliminary stratification. Because of these difficulties, the seed breeding method of the princess is practically not used.

It is much faster and easier to divide overgrown bushes. Bushes growing in one place for many years can have up to 200 shoots growing from one common root system. During division, it is necessary to ensure that each unit of the future has a piece of the root system sufficient for further development and several full-fledged shoots.

The best time for reproduction of the princess by dividing the bush is early spring or early autumn. You can propagate the princess by root cuttings. For this, the roots of the plant are dug up in the fall, and future vegetative material is cut from them. The length of these segments should be no more than 10 cm.

Also, each of them must have a sufficient number of viable kidneys. They are planted in the ground immediately after dividing. The planting depth of the segments leaves no more than 4-5 cm. With a successful wintering next year, young shoots will develop from them.

In garden culture, wild plants of the princess can also be used. For this, in the spring or autumn, in the natural places of growth of this species, planting material is harvested, which is then in the garden.

The value of the princess lies not only in tasty and fragrant fruits, but also in its decorative appearance. It can be very successfully used for landscaping shady places and when creating various curbs and paths.

The prince is a rather unpretentious and undemanding culture, if necessary, it is quite simple to grow it in your garden. Its berries have high taste characteristics and can be successfully used in the preparation of many dishes. For long-term storage, they can be successfully frozen.

Video about the cultivation and proper planting of the princess:

Application, recipes and properties of medicinal princes of the common (red cloudberry).

Duchess ordinary (kumanika, red cloudberry). Family: Rosaceae.

PRINCE! The benefits of berries and leaves of the princess. Video

The prince's medicinal plant - (folk names: princess, princess, princess, princess red, princess, princess, kumanichnik, kumanika, paws - cloudberry, cloudberry red, raspberry earthen, mamurovka, mamura, brazier, paletiga, midday, raspberry, polyanitsa, raspberry, hohlyanka, northern raspberry, hohlusha).

The prince. Description. Herbaceous perennial plant with a creeping long rhizome in height from ten to thirty cm. Stems of the princess blunt-triangular, simple, with scales at the base. Leaves plants are trifoliate, with large stipules, on long pubescent petioles; their terminal leaflet is short on the petiole, the lateral ones are almost sessile. The flower is apical, single (still rarely there are 1 - 2 lateral), large, six - ten membered, bisexual, sometimes unisexual flowers, and then this plant is dioecious. Lanceolate sepals, hairy, spread out during flowering. Back - ovoid petals, dark pink in color. Numerous stamens. There are about twenty pistils, they are shorter stamens. Fruit of the princess aromatic red drupe.

The prince. Benefit and harm. Video

The prince. Photo.
The prince. Growth. Is growing princess on forest edges in damp coniferous forests and swamps, in clearings, on peat bogs, damp meadows and river floodplains. Meet princess it is also possible in the arctic tundra, in stony-sandy places. It is well cultivated in household plots.

Blooms from late June - early July, begins to bear fruit in August. It grows in swampy and damp forests, in the tundra, in swamps.

Princes berries organic dyes contain citric and malic acid, vitamin C, fructose and glucose, tannins.

ACTIVE SUBSTANCES. PRINCE PARTS USED

For the purpose of medical "Berries" (fruits) and leaves of the princess are used. Harvested berries in August, and leaves- from June to July.

Princess grass contains flavonoids and traces of saponins. Found in fruits up to two hundred mg. ascorbic acid, sugar, malic and citric acid, anthocyanins. During the flowering period, a large amount of tannins is found in the leaves of the plant.

HEALING PROPERTIES OF THE PRINCE. INDICATIONS FOR USE

Prepared from berries jam and alcoholic aromatic. Cooking methods tinctures application:

PRINCE TINCTURE RECIPE 1. Three tbsp. spoons berries for two tbsp. boiling water, leave for 60 minutes, strain. Take slowly in sips of 0.5 tbsp. three times a day with diseases of the above, as well as use in the form of rinses when oral cavity diseases inflammatory.

Knyazhenika - home treatment with folk remedies.

PRINCE TINCTURE RECIPE 2. Three tablespoons leaves for a couple of boiling water glasses, insist 120 min., Express and take from 1/4 to 1/3 tbsp. three times a day and before meals with gastritis, enterocolitis, diarrhea, colitis.

Be healthy!

An ordinary prince, treatment by a prince. Video

The princess, or the arctic princess, is a relative of raspberries and belongs to the Rubus genus, the Pink family. Another name for the plant is arctic or nectar raspberry. The people call the princess mamura, raspberry, drupe, meadow, midday and khokhlushka. Previously, berries were a real delicacy, village girls went to collect fruits in the forest, then brought them to the lord's table. Children of princes especially loved the prince, from which the name of the plant originated. In some regions of Russia, a basket of berries was valued on a par with sable fur, hand-embroidered fabrics and handmade jewelry.

Where grows

The plant is widespread in the temperate and cold zones of the Northern Hemisphere, in America, Japan, Mongolia, Europe, Siberia, the Urals, the Caucasus, and the Far East. The princess grows in the forest, in meadows, on the banks of rivers and streams, in swamps, in the tundra, in thickets of bushes, and even at an altitude of 1200 meters above sea level. The prince is considered the best berry in the north and is the official floral emblem of the Swedish province of Norrbotten.

What does it look like

The princess is a perennial herb, the bush grows up to 30 cm. The roots of the plant are long, creeping and thin, located in the ground at a depth of 15 to 25 cm. The leaves of the princess are trifoliate, green. The flowers are dark pink and bloom at the end of May. The princess bloom lasts 25-35 days. In July, there are both fruiting and flowering plants.

The fruits are juicy polystyrene, when ripe, sweet with a slight sourness. Berries are similar in shape and size to raspberries, but the color is more complex. The aroma of a ripe princess resembles a pineapple. The fruit tastes like strawberries, raspberries and blackberries, only even more delicious and aromatic.

The berries ripen in July-August, they must be picked very carefully, since the structure of the fruits is very delicate and they can easily wrinkle in the hands. It is better to fold the crop in small and wide containers.

Varieties

There are known 100 genera of the princess and about 3000 species. Plants have been cultivated in Finland for over 30 years. In this country, most varieties of the princess were bred. Most often, the bred varieties are hybrids of the princess with other berries of this species - cloudberries and raspberries. The varieties are distinguished by high yields, high frost resistance and improved taste. The most popular plant varieties in the world are Hayes and Hayes. They are distinguished by bushes that are tall for this species, which grow up to 1 meter in height and bear fruit until mid-October.

Benefit

The fruits of the princess contain tannins and aromatic substances, vitamin C, glucose, fructose, malic, citric acid, anthocyanins. The leaves contain a lot of phytoncides and ascorbic acid. In 100 g of berries, 26 kcal. Princess is a strong plant antioxidant that slows down the aging of the body, cleanses the body of harmful toxins and radicals.

The prince's juice quenches thirst well, tones up and strengthens the body, which is especially useful after past illnesses, when the body is weakened. An infusion of dried leaves gargle and rinse the nasal cavity, the broth is useful for indigestion. Fresh leaves are a good antiseptic, quickly heal tissues and relieve puffiness. They are used as a plaster, applied to bruises, wounds and abrasions. The gruel from the leaves relieves skin allergic reactions.

In cosmetology, berries are used for the skin of the body and face, the princess extract is added to nourishing and moisturizing creams. The fruit-based products tone the skin and promote its rejuvenation. Masks are made from berries that help with skin chapping, relieve inflammation from the face and refresh. Such funds are recommended even for children.

Harm

There are no contraindications to eating the prince's berries, except for individual intolerance. Eating fruits in large quantities is not recommended for exacerbation of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, due to the high content of vitamin C.

Application in medicine

The prince is very much appreciated in medicine and is successfully used as an antipyretic, antiseptic, antiscorbutic, and strengthening agent. Dried fruits and leaves help in the treatment of dyspepsia and diarrhea, strengthen the immune system. For a long time, the juice of berries, they drank to bring down the heat, the dried leaves of the plant are brewed and drunk as a tea to strengthen the immune system. Means prepared on the basis of fruits and leaves treat various diseases:

angina
upper respiratory tract disease
bronchial asthma
cough
tonsillitis
avitaminosis
gastrointestinal diseases
obesity
metabolic disease
renal failure
urolithiasis disease

Cooking applications

In cooking, berries and young leaves of the princess are used. Fresh berries are served with cream and milk, they are used to prepare jam, marmalade, jelly, juices, fruit drinks, add to baked goods as a filling. The princess is used as an aromatic seasoning, added to compotes, jelly, liqueurs, liqueurs and liqueurs. The berry, grated with sugar, retains its beneficial properties. Fruits go well with other fruits and berries, ice cream and dairy products. Fragrant desserts and pies with berries, Mamurovka jam, exquisite liqueurs and liqueurs are very popular. The leaves are added to multivitamin teas, dried and brewed as an herbal drink.

Semolina pudding with princess

Ingredients:

1 liter of cream 22%;
3 vanilla pods;
3 tbsp. l. poppy;
a pinch of salt;
1 tbsp. l. and 1 glass of sugar;
1 stack. semolina;
300 g princes;
1 tsp starch.

Preparation:

Soak the poppy seeds in water for 30 minutes.
Bring the cream to a boil, cut the vanilla pods lengthwise and remove the seeds, add to the cream.
Reduce heat and add poppy seeds, cook, stirring occasionally, for 25 minutes.
Add a spoonful of sugar and salt, add semolina and cook until tender.
Remove the mixture from heat and beat with a blender, leave to cool.
Combine the princess with a glass of sugar, cook over low heat.
Stir the starch with a little water and add to the berries.
Pour the jam into tins and refrigerate for 20 minutes.
When the mass thickens, put semolina on top and sprinkle with sugar.

Muffins with the princess

Ingredients:

1 cup of sugar;
2 eggs;
140 g butter;
1 tsp soda;
2 tsp citric acid;
wheat flour;
0.5 stack princes.

Preparation:

Combine sugar with eggs and stir well.
Melt the butter and add to the egg mass.
Toss the citric acid and baking soda and add to the mixture until it foams.
Add flour to the mass until you get a dough similar in consistency to very thick sour cream, the spoon should stand in it.
Put the berries in the dough and beat with a blender.
Pour the dough into tins and bake in the oven for 15 minutes at 180 degrees.

Storage

The prince is harvested canned, ground with sugar, frozen and dried. Dried leaves are also harvested for future use.

Drying of leaves and fruits

The berries are laid out in one layer on pallets; you can use a layer of thick paper or fabric. They are taken out into the street and placed in the sun, in a place protected from drafts. But at night, the raw materials must be brought into the room so that they do not get damp. The drying process takes 7 days, the fruits need to be mixed sometimes. You can dry the princess a little in the sun and put it in an open oven preheated to 60 degrees for 4 hours.

The leaves are laid out on a baking sheet in a thin layer and dried in the fresh air under a canopy, periodically turning over. Dried berries and leaves are stored in a dry and dark place for about 3 years.

Freezing the princess

Sort the berries and remove the stalks, rinse gently in water, put on one towel and cover with another. When the fruits are dry, you can lay them in one layer on a baking sheet and put them in the freezer. Pack the finished princess in bags and tie tightly. Another way is to freeze the berries in portions in small plastic containers with lids. You can sprinkle the fruits in a container with sugar before freezing.

Growing

Growing a princess on the site can be carried out in two ways: by seeds and by dividing the bush. In the first case, the bush will yield a crop only after 3 years. The second cultivation option is easier and more convenient. Planting a bush is carried out in late April or early May and consists of several stages:

separate the princess bush (delenka) together with a lump of earth. It is important that he has shoots and roots;
prepare a hole, the depth of which should be 2 bayonets of a shovel;
disinfect the soil with a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
when the soil dries out, place drainage and a mixture of soil, 80 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potassium salt, compost (1 bucket per 1 m2) and wood ash (0.5 l per 1 m2) on the bottom;
plant the cut to a depth of no more than 5 cm;
cover the seedling with earth and compact well with your hands, water;
mulch the top layer of soil around the bush with sawdust, lay a layer of moss so that the soil does not dry out on hot days.

Planting is best done in the morning or evening. So that the princess's flowers can be pollinated, two varieties of plants are planted on the site. When planting, the distance between the seedlings should be 25 cm, the distance between the rows should be 0.8 meters.

Fertilizers are applied after a year, 1 tbsp is added to the water. a spoonful of ash and a solution are poured over the bush. Mineral fertilizers are applied once a season. Bushes aged 2 years and older feed immediately the snow thaw field, with the onset of spring, using mineral complex fertilizers with a nitrogen content. Fertilizer is applied to the soil and dug up.

Sometimes the prince is struck by infections and viruses, the most dangerous of which are the following:

Brazo mottling, a viral disease, is transmitted to all species of the garden genus Rubus;
raspberry striped curl, transmitted from other infected host plants via nematodes. The first signs of infestation are spots on leaves and flowers in a mosaic pattern, which later lead to deformation. The disease is not cured, it is necessary to remove the bushes together with the roots and burn;
anthracnose, this disease affects the entire plant, including the roots. The disease manifests itself with white heels on the leaves and trunks;
tobacco necrosis, a fairly common disease, manifests itself as necrotic spots on the leaves and deformation of the plates, the bush begins to grow poorly.

At the first manifestations of the disease, the affected parts are removed and the plant is treated with fungicides. After working with infected bushes, metal equipment must be ignited and treated with alcohol.

The plant is susceptible to attack by pests, which can be eliminated with a Bordeaux liquid solution. Processing must be carried out before the first leaves appear on the bushes. Only the soil under the bush is sprayed, but not the plant itself. It is recommended to use insecticides:

Karbofos
Nitrofen
Actellik

It is useful to spray the princess in the fall for prophylaxis after picking berries.

Often the princess is used as an ornamental plant on the site. During the flowering period, the plant looks very beautiful and is simply strewn with small and beautiful flowers. The prince is planted along hedges or borders.

The vegetable garden is a great place, thanks to which people get a wonderful harvest, which they feed on for the whole year. Each vegetable garden is unique in its own way, since each person plants vegetable or berry crops that he likes. And it is very good when gardeners can exchange crops with each other, various advice on growing, and simply communicate on the development of their plots.

I also have a small garden plot on which many different crops grow: raspberries, black currants, gooseberries, cucumbers, carrots, beets and many others. I am engaged in the gardening together with my grandmother, who recently brought from her trip to the north an unusual berry called "princess".

We immediately planted this berry and began to care for it. Therefore, having little experience in growing this crop, this article will focus on the features of proper planting, care and growing berries, as well as important points in the life of a plant, about useful fertilizers and harmful diseases that can threaten the "princess".

The prince is a fairly common berry that grows in swamps, around lakes and in clearings that are abundantly watered with rain. Usually it grows in the northern regions, so it is very difficult to get it, and as for growing on your site, the situation here is quite complicated, since the plant is demanding and whimsical: it constantly needs to create certain climatic conditions.

Among the people, the princess has a lot of names, since many still cannot solve the riddle of this berry, because both the smell and aroma are a combination of strawberry and pineapple. The princess has the following names: raspberry, khokhlushka, mamutka and many others.

Outwardly, the princess is a small bush that looks like a currant bush. Usually the height of the bush reaches 30-40 centimeters. The plant has amazing leaves that consist of three parts. Usually the edges of these leaves are serrated. They are widely used in the preparation of tea, which has a positive effect on the human body. The flowering of the princess bushes begins at the end of May and usually lasts no more than a month. After this process, the formation of fruits begins, which are usually ready by the end of summer.

The princess is a plant that is closely associated with forest legends and sayings. It is very popular among gardeners, so breeders are trying to graft it to the southern regions of Russia for subsequent cultivation.

Features of the correct fit

The correct planting of the princess is a long and laborious process that takes a lot of effort, since the princess is a very demanding berry that will not tolerate an incorrect planting. In order to grow princess bushes on your site and not destroy the plants, you must observe the following features of proper planting:

Planting dates (The princess planting dates are usually in mid-September or mid-May, since it is at this time that a certain air temperature and humidity are set, the required amount of precipitation falls and the required amount of sunlight is provided.);
The place (The place for planting the princess should be spacious, well-lit and humidified. It is also important to remember about protecting the bushes from the wind, since they can die from strong and cold winds. The soil in the chosen area should be moist, filled with all the necessary nutrients and minerals .);
Soil preparation (It is necessary to prepare the soil for planting the princess seedlings in advance, adding important fertilizers to it, including peat, humus, compost, sand and drainage. In addition, it is necessary to dig up the area and remove all weeds that will interfere with the development of the plant.)
Preparation of seedlings (Seedlings of the princess must be chosen neat and healthy. It is necessary to check their roots for rot diseases and leaves that can be damaged by various insects.);
Planting (It is necessary to plant seedlings in rows, between which the distance is about 20 centimeters, and between each bush the distance should be about 15 centimeters. Such parameters must be observed so that each seedling has enough space for the growth and development of its root system.).

The main requirements for the care and growing of a plant

The princess is a very demanding plant. However, if you make the right fit, then caring for it will not be difficult. It is only important to observe the following rules:

Watering, loosening and weeding the soil (All these procedures are very fond of the princess. If the outside air temperature is above 25 degrees Celsius, then everyone must do abundant watering, otherwise watering is carried out as needed. Moss will save the plant from sunburn, and loosening and weeding the soil must be done constantly.);
Fertilizers (All necessary fertilizers begin to be applied only when the plant is one year old. You can apply any fertilizers, but the princess's most favorite fertilizers are nitrogen and organic fertilizers.);
Pruning (Pruning for a princess is a sanitary procedure due to which dried and damaged branches and leaves are removed from a plant. This procedure gives an impetus for the growth and development of new shoots. Usually, pruning of bushes is carried out in late autumn and early spring.);
Prevention of diseases and pests (The princess has a lot of "enemies", including all kinds of diseases and pests that have a bad effect on the development of the plant. The princess needs to be abundantly sprayed with various fungicides and liquids so that the plant does not die.).

Essential fertilizers, diseases and pests

Required fertilizers: synthetic, drainage (broken brick, crushed stone, wood chips), organic (peat, compost, humus, manure), mineral (potash, phosphorus, nitrogen, boric).
Harmful diseases: tobacco necrosis, raspberry striped curl, Brazo speck, anthracnose.
Dangerous pests: ants, earthworms, various caterpillars and other insects.

The benefits and harms of the princess, its application in various fields

Knyazhenika is an amazing berry that prefers to grow in various northern parts of Russia. Like all plants, the princess has its pluses and minuses, for which this beautiful berry is appreciated or disliked. However, it has more pluses than minuses, since the berry contains a large amount of nutrients that are useful for the human body.

In medicine, the princess is very popular, since thanks to its use, many patients treat all kinds of diseases, including urolithiasis, common cold, flu, cardiovascular diseases, diseases associated with the respiratory tract and many, many others.

In ordinary life, many different sweets are prepared from the princess, including very sweet jam, which smells like a mixture of strawberries and pineapple; syrups, which are usually given to children for the prevention of various diseases; juices, compotes, which are usually stored in cellars; wine, liqueurs, which are especially popular in the production and sale of alcohol.

In the pharmaceutical industry, various useful tablets, syrups, tinctures are made from the princess, which treat renal failure, gout and many other diseases.

The downside of the princess is that not all people can use it, since in people with a weak body it can cause a strong allergic reaction.

Thus, the princess is a very useful and important berry in any area of social life, since it mainly has a positive effect on the human body, cures all kinds of diseases and improves immunity.

Once, while visiting relatives, they discovered a novelty for themselves. We were treated to small, but very fragrant and sweet berries. At first I thought it was just a small raspberry, and was very surprised when I found out that it was a princess. Leaving home, we took a couple of bushes with us. And although they all got accustomed, they soon disappeared. Tell us what it is and where does the prince's berry grow? Probably, the plant did not like our southern climate, because we brought it from the northern region. I would like to know more about the prince, and whether there is a chance to grow her in our area.

Do you think that raspberries grow only in our warm regions? But nature was conceived so that residents of northern latitudes could enjoy this berry. True, it looks different there, and it is called differently. Knyazhenika or arctic raspberry is one of the most delicious delicacies, almost unknown to the inhabitants of warm regions. However, the breeders did not stand aside and did not forget about this frost-resistant berry. Today you can already find on sale hybrid varieties that are adapted for growing in the warmer part of the country. What does the prince's berry look like and where does it grow?

Description of the plant

The appearance of the princess combines several cultures at once. Its carved light green leaves with triple plates look like crimson, and in the fall they acquire a beautiful crimson blush. But the growth of the prince did not catch up with the raspberries: the maximum height of the bushes is 50 cm. Creeping thin roots go far into the soil, creeping in different directions and releasing root shoots like raspberries.

Princess berries with sweet pulp, but with an unusual taste of pineapple or caramel, also have a raspberry flavor. But in their size and shape, they are more like cloudberries, but only in red.

The princess has a very beautiful flowering. Large dark pink inflorescences begin to bloom in early summer. Bushes bloom for more than a month, while tying berries at the same time. While some ripen, others only appear in the form of buds. Therefore, the princess is characterized by a prolonged harvest, from August to the end of September.

Due to its northern character, in a cool climate, the maturation of the princess is more even. At high temperatures, the berries can dry out before they have ripened.

Where does the prince's berry grow?

In its natural, wild form, this princess grows in the Northern Hemisphere. These are cool tundra, wet swamps and forests. In other words, this crop prefers a cool climate, light or partial shade, but a sufficient amount of moisture in the soil. But the hybrid varieties obtained by crossing the princess with raspberries are able to grow and bear fruit in warmer latitudes. At the same time, they retain the frost resistance of the princess, but many reach the size of berries, like that of.

Having decided to start a princess on your site, make sure that the conditions meet her requirements, namely:

It is better to take the site off illuminated or semi-shady, but with moist soil.
The soil should be nutritious and loose. Before planting, it is worth adding sand, humus, ash and a little peat to the beds.
On the same bed, it is desirable to plant different varieties for pollination.

In conclusion, I would like to add: choose hybrid varieties of the princess. They are more adapted to growing in "non-native" conditions for the plant.