O zealous Horse, O Sea Horse,
With a pale green mane,
That is quiet, affectionately tame,
That's crazy playful!
You were fed by a violent whirlwind
In God's wide field -
He taught you to spin,
Play, jump at will!I love you when I'm headlong
In your arrogant strength,
Thick mane tousled
And all covered in steam and soap,
Directing a stormy run towards the shores,
You rush with a cheerful neigh,
Throw your hooves into the ringing shore
And - you will fly apart into splashes!..
Analysis of Tyutchev’s poem “The Sea Horse”
Tyutchev's hero is fascinated by the power, beauty and variability of the sea elements. According to the confession that appears in the finale of “”, the view of thundering sparkling waves and high stars is so beautiful and solemn that the soul is ready to dissolve in the harmony of the majestic panorama. The “free space” of the water surface is like a living creature, endowed with the ability to breathe, move and even change its mood.
The analyzed work, also dedicated to a maritime theme, appeared in 1830. The dates of creation and first publication are separated from each other by almost half a century.
basis figurative system“Horse” served as an extended metaphor - artistic technique, typical of Tyutchev’s poetics. In the stormy waves, the lyrical hero sees the graceful silhouette of a frisky horse. The name reflected the original fantastic image of an animal full of strength, as if created from pale green sea water, abundant foam and colorful splashes.
In the first stanza, the author characterizes the changeable disposition of his character, using complex epithets. The four-legged beauty is sometimes affectionate and obedient, sometimes playful and rebellious. Its brief background is given, colored with a romantic flavor and dictated by fairy-tale motifs. The horse was raised by a mighty whirlwind, passing on his qualities to him: love of freedom, energy, confident, “arrogant strength.” The conventional allegorical name of the area that became the homeland of the horse is indicative - the vast “God’s field”.
Admiring the natural beauty of the animal hero, in the second stanza the lyrical narrator focuses on the episode when the playful character rushes to the shore. The speed of movement is emphasized by various details: disheveled thick mane, “steam and soap.” The fast running is accompanied by a sound image - a cheerful, ringing neigh. The moment of disappearance of a fantastic mammal is recorded: it occurs when the surf crashes onto the shore. The fragment is devoid of a tragic beginning, since the apparent strange behavior imaginary creature does not obey logic real life, and the horse will again rise from the depths of the sea to transform into a cloud of small splashes. The end, predetermined for the powerful character, serves as a symbolic expression of the chaotic beginning, one of the manifestations of which is the indomitable element of water.
The seahorse is a small fish, which is a representative of the Spine family from the order Stickleback. Research has shown that the seahorse is a highly modified pipefish. Today the seahorse is a rather rare creature. In this article you will find a description and photo of a seahorse and learn a lot of new and interesting things about this extraordinary creature.
The seahorse looks very unusual and its body shape resembles a chess piece of a horse. The seahorse fish has many long bony spines and various leathery projections on its body. Thanks to this body structure, the seahorse appears unnoticed among the algae and remains inaccessible to predators. The seahorse looks amazing, it has small fins, its eyes rotate independently of each other, and its tail is curled into a spiral. The seahorse looks diverse, because it can change the color of its scales.
The seahorse looks small, its size depends on the species and varies from 4 to 25 cm. In the water, the seahorse swims vertically, unlike other fish. This is due to the fact that the seahorse’s swim bladder consists of an abdominal and a head part. The head bladder is larger than the abdominal one, which allows the seahorse to maintain an upright position when swimming.
Now the seahorse is becoming increasingly rare and is on the verge of extinction due to a rapid decline in numbers. There are many reasons for the disappearance of the seahorse. The main one is the destruction by humans of both the fish itself and its habitats. Off the coast of Australia, Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines, pipits are being caught en masse. Exotic appearance and the bizarre shape of the body became the reason that people began to make gift souvenirs from them. For beauty, the tail is artificially arched and the body is given the shape of the letter “S”, but in nature skates do not look like that.
Another reason that contributes to the decline in the seahorse population is that they are a delicacy. Gourmets highly value the taste of these fish, especially the eyes and liver of seahorses. In a restaurant, the cost of one serving of this dish is $800.
In total, there are about 50 species of seahorses, 30 of which are already listed in the Red Book. Luckily, seahorses are very fertile and can produce over a thousand young at a time, keeping the seahorses from going extinct. Seahorses are bred in captivity, but this fish is very demanding to keep. One of the most extravagant seahorses is the rag-picker seahorse, which you can see in the photo below.
The seahorse lives in tropical and subtropical seas. The seahorse fish lives mainly at shallow depths or near the shore and leads a sedentary lifestyle. The seahorse lives in dense thickets of algae and other marine vegetation. It attaches itself to plant stems or corals with its flexible tail, remaining almost invisible due to its body covered with various projections and spines.
The seahorse fish changes body color to completely blend in with environment. In this way, the seahorse successfully camouflages itself not only from predators, but also while foraging for food. The seahorse is very bony, so few people want to eat it. The main hunter of the seahorse is the large land crab. The seahorse can travel long distances. To do this, it attaches its tail to the fins of various fish and hangs on them until the “free taxi” swims into the algae thickets.
What do seahorses eat?
Seahorses eat crustaceans and shrimp. Seahorses eat very interestingly. The tubular stigma, like a pipette, draws prey into the mouth along with water. Seahorses eat quite a lot and hunt almost the whole day, taking short breaks of a couple of hours.
Seahorses eat about 3 thousand planktonic crustaceans per day. But seahorses eat almost any food, as long as it does not exceed the size of their mouth. The seahorse fish is a hunter. With its flexible tail, the seahorse clings to the algae and remains motionless until the prey is in the required proximity to the head. After which the seahorse absorbs water along with food.
How do seahorses reproduce?
Seahorses reproduce quite in an unusual way, because their fry is carried by the male. Seahorses often have monogamous pairs. The mating season of seahorses is an amazing sight. A couple who are about to enter into a marriage union are held together by their tails and dance in the water. During the dance, the skates press against each other, after which the male opens a special pocket in the abdominal area, into which the female throws eggs. Subsequently, the male bears offspring for a month.
Seahorses reproduce quite often and produce large offspring. A seahorse gives birth to one thousand or more young at a time. The fry are born an absolute copy of the adults, only very tiny. The babies that are born are left to their own devices. In nature, a seahorse lives for about 4-5 years.
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O zealous Horse, O Sea Horse,
With a pale green mane,
That is quiet, affectionately tame,
That's crazy playful!
You were fed by a violent whirlwind
In God's wide field -
He taught you to spin,
Play, jump at will!
I love you when I'm headlong
In your arrogant strength,
Thick mane tousled
And all covered in steam and soap,
Directing a stormy run towards the shores,
You rush with a cheerful neigh,
Throw your hooves into the ringing shore
And - you will fly apart into splashes!..
Other editions and options
2 With a gray wavy mane,
10-11 In your arrogant strength,
Having tousled my gray mane,
Autograph - RGALI. F. 505. Op. 1. Unit hr. 15. L. 6.
COMMENTS:
Autograph - RGALI. F. 505. Op. 1. Unit hr. 15. L. 6. List sent by I.S. Gagarin - RGALI. F. 505. Op. 1. Unit hr. 52.
First publication - RA. 1879. Issue. 5. pp. 136–137; NNS. P. 45. Then - Ed. 1900. P. 407.
Printed according to the list. See "Other Editions and Variants." P. 240.
Pencil autograph - on one sheet of translation "From Hernani" (From "Hernani" - fr.) (cm. comment. to verse. “Great Karl, forgive me...” P. 364); on the same type of paper and in the same handwriting and with the same pencil, “From Goethe. Singer", "Treasured Cup". In the autograph there is a variant of the 2nd line: “With a gray wavy mane,” and the 10th and 11th lines: “In your arrogant strength, / Disheveled your gray mane.” The poet gave preference to a picturesque image (“With a pale green mane”) and removed references to “gray hair”, which do not correspond to the playing “sea horse”, rather eternally young.
IN Ed. 1900 included in the number of translations without sufficient grounds, although G.I. Chulkov admitted the possibility of the existence of a primary source ( Chulkov I. P. 359). In subsequent editions it was published according to the same list, but in the 12th line - with a preposition (“and in soap”). In publications - NNS, Ed. Marx, Chulkov I, Lyrics I the option without pretext was accepted.
It is dated 1830 on the basis that the autograph is on the same sheet with a translation of a fragment from Hugo’s drama “Hernani”, which appeared in March 1830. It is believed that the verse. written between July 12 and August 12 (NS) 1829 (see Chronicle. P. 285).
This poem attracted the special attention of V.S. Solovyov (see Soloviev. beauty. pp. 50–51), studying the essence of beauty in the inorganic world, the philosopher connects its phenomenon with light as “the first principle of beauty in nature” (p. 44), and then with movement as an expression of the seemingly free life in inorganic nature. Developing the idea, Solovyov noted: “This beauty of visible life in the inorganic world is distinguished primarily by flowing water in its various forms: a stream, a mountain river, a waterfall. The aesthetic meaning of this living movement is enhanced by its infinity, which seems to express the insatiable longing of private existence, separated from absolute unity” (p. 48). Solovyov repeatedly refers to this poem by Tyutchev: “to the same poet, the wave, in its appearance and living movement, appears to be a galloping seahorse” (the first stanza is quoted, pp. 51–52). The philosopher apparently saw the beauty of this image in the “preliminary” of life in the inorganic world, in a kind of “game” - “the free movement of particular forces and positions united in an individual whole” (p. 48).
The type of beauty Solovyov saw occurs and varies in many of Tyutchev’s poems. The image of running water is one of the poet’s favorites; before the poem “Sea Horse” he entered “Spring Thunderstorm”. In further works, the spiritualization of the image of running water intensifies: “Spring Waters”, “What are you bending over the waters ...”, “The stream has thickened and dimmed”, “Fountain”, “It’s been a long time, a long time ago, O blessed South...”, “Sea and cliff”, “Across the plain of azure waters...” and many others.
O zealous horse, O sea horse,
With a pale green mane,
That is quiet, affectionately tame,
That's crazy playful!
You were fed by a violent whirlwind
In God's wide field;
He taught you to spin,
Play, jump at will!
I love you when I'm headlong
In your arrogant strength,
Having tousled his thick mane,
And all covered in steam and soap,
Directing a stormy run towards the shores,
You rush with a cheerful neigh,
Throw your hooves into the ringing shore
And - you will fly apart into splashes!..
Analysis of the poem “The Sea Horse” by Tyutchev
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev is a master of philosophical lyricism, but some of his works have firmly entered the circle of children's reading. The lyrical sketch “The Sea Horse” also belongs to this category.
The poem was written in 1830. Its author is 27 years old, lives in Munich, is married, and serves at a diplomatic mission. The poet is interested in philosophy, is known as an unsurpassed conversationalist, and has visited Paris several times. By genre - elegy, by size - iambic in different feet with cross rhyme, 2 stanzas. The lyrical hero is the author himself, admiring the seascape. Exclamations and interjections, enthusiastic intonation increase the expression and dynamism of the poem. The poet captivates the reader with the rapid running of a “zealous horse.” Gradation in the first stanza: sometimes quiet, affectionately tame, sometimes wildly playful. Many author's epithets from difficult words: pale green. Personifications: taught to spin, fed by a whirlwind, cheerfully neighing. Repetitions: oh horse, then, breg, breg. Both eight lines are expressed in only three complex sentences with couples homogeneous members. This syntax is typical for F. Tyutchev. Pantheism and European romanticism are present in this work, but a Russian, almost folk note is felt especially strongly in it. The very structure of the poem and the presentation of the theme turned out to be so clear and eloquent that it quickly entered the golden fund of children's literature.
“And - you’ll fly apart into splashes!..” - the final line seems to douse the reader with water. It is interesting that the poet does not use the words “water, wave”. The poem is extremely metaphorical, the image of the horse is authentic. “I love you”: the author addresses this confession to the water element. It is felt that at this moment the lyrical hero is experiencing a rush vitality, healthy, cheerful, believes in his luck. The “stormy run” of the sea does not awaken in him longing, a thirst for change of place. He deliberately stands closer to the raging waves, welcoming the unprecedented “sea horse” in “steam and soap.” The description of the oncoming waves is detailed: headlong, in arrogant strength, with his mane tousled, in steam and soap. The poet innovatively compares the sea to a field: God's wide field. “Ride at will”: this does not mean “in freedom,” but “of one’s own free will, whim.”
F. Tyutchev spent almost half of 1830 on vacation in Russia. It was during this period that he created the work “Sea Horse”. It was first published only in 1879 in the magazine “Russian Archive”.
