Future simple in French education. Futur simple is a tense that indicates an action in the future. Le Futur Immédiat – near future tense

Future simple (future simple) - time indicative mood, denoting actions that will happen in the future.

Elle parlera au professeur.- She will talk with the teacher.

Après les courses j" irai chez moi.– After classes I’ll go home.

Il fera beau demain. - Tomorrow will good weather.

Formation of forms

The base futur simple of verbs of the first, second and parts of verbs of the third group is formed from the infinitive.

Third group verbs ending in -re usually lose the final -e in the futur simple and add endings.

Many verbs of the third group have a special stem in futur simple.

In addition, you can familiarize yourself with the conjugation of verbs of the first, second and third groups on the page Typical conjugation of French verbs.

Meaning and usage

Future simple serves to express an action that will occur after the moment of speech. In Russian it most often corresponds to the future tense of verbs, for example I will do, I'll see, I'll eat etc.

Elle iraà la bibliothèque ce soir.
Tonight she will go to the library.

Il arrivera demain.
He will arrive tomorrow.

It is worth noting that in modern French instead of futur simple in colloquial speech futur imédiat (near future) is used more and more often

Il partira dans trois jours. = Il va partir dans trois jours.
He will leave in three days.

Il faudra faire quelque chose. = Il va falloir faire quelque chose
Something will need to be done.

The following usage cases deserve special attention: future simple:

Futur simple can be used to express an order or advice.

Tu examiners ce problem le plus tôt possible.
Take on this problem as quickly as possible.

Vous prendrez garde au verglas.
Be careful: ice.

Futur simple can be used to express a polite request.

Je vous demanderai de me montrer les alentours.
I would like to ask you to show me around.

Vous serez très aimable de tout m"expliquer.
It would be very kind of you to explain everything to me.

Futur simple can express probability, uncertainty or conjecture when used with the verbs avoir or être.

Quel âge a-t-il? -Il aura sept ans.
How old is he? - He's probably seven.

Où est-elle? –Elle seraà l "institut.
Where is she? - She's probably at the institute.

Futur simple in French is a simple future tense that indicates an action that will happen in the future.

• Je te telephonerai demain. - II'll callyouTomorrow.
• Nous arriverons dans une semaine. - Wewe'll comethrougha week.
• Elle chantera dans la salle de concerts le samedi prochain. - ShewillsingVconcerthallVnextSaturday.

How is Futur simple formed?

The simple future tense Futur simple is called simple because it is formed very easily. You will not encounter any difficulties with him. Futur simple education scheme:

Infinitive verb + endings - ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont.

Verb conjugation in the simple future tense

Dépenser– spend (first group):

Rajeunir– to become younger, to rejuvenate (second group):

It is worth noting that the verb Envoyer although it belongs to the first group, it has its own conjugation features; in Futur simple its base changes.

Envoyer– send (first group):

For most verbs of the third group, the simple future tense is formed according to the rule. Only verbs that end in - re, lose the final letter "e".

Prendre– take, take, receive (third group):

BUT: in the third group there are a number of verbs whose stem changes in the Futur simple. Remember this list:

• aller - ir* (to go)
• apercevoir - apercevr* (notice)
• avoir - aur* (to have)
• courir - courr* (to run)
• devoir - devr* (to be due)
• être - ser* (to be)
• falloir - il faudra (it is necessary, it is necessary)
• faire - fer* (to do)
• mourir - mourr* (to die)
• pleuvoir - il pleuvra (to rain)
• pouvoir - pourr* (to be able, to be able)
• recevoir - recevr* (receive)
• savoir - saur* (to know)
• tenir - tiendr* (to hold)
• valoir - il vaudra (to cost)
• venir -viendr* (to come)
• voir - verr* (to see)
• vouloir - voudr* want)

Notice how one of the verbs in this list is conjugated in the simple future tense.

Vouloir– want (third group):

Avoir And Etre in Future simple:

• J'yseraidemain. - I'll be there tomorrow.
• J'auraiunpeudetempslibrelasemaineprochaine. – I will have some free time next week.

How to use the future tense correctly?

As in Russian, French Futur simple helps express action in the future tense. For example:

• Demain nous finirons toutes nos affaires. - TomorrowWelet's finishAllouraffairs.
• J'entrerai àl'universityl'anneeprochaine. – I will go to university next year.
• Est-ce que vous serez occupés demain? - YouTomorrowyou willbusy?
• Demain soir Michel et Anne iront au théâ – Tomorrow evening Michelle and Anna will go to the theater.
• Elleviendracheznouslelundiprochain. - She will come to us next Monday.

As a rule, Futur simple is used with the following adverbs, which can appear at the beginning or end of a sentence:

• Demain - tomorrow
• Après-demain - the day after tomorrow
• Le lendemain – the next day (in indirect speech)
• Le surlendemain – every other day (in indirect speech)
• Aujourd'hui - today
• Bientôt – coming soon
• Le jour prochain – the next day
• La semaine prochaine – next week
• Le mois prochaine – next month
• L’année prochaine – next (future) year
• Dans deux jours (semaines, mois, ans) – in two days (two weeks, two months, two years)
• A trois heures - at three (four, five) o'clock

For example:

• Nous recevrons la lettre de Michel bientôt. – SoonWewe getletterfromMichel.
• L'année prochaine je partirai en France. – Next year I will go to France.
• Jeanne terminera son article dans deux jours. – Zhannawill finishmyarticlethroughtwoday.
• Je prendrai mon déjeuner à deux heures. - IwilllunchVtwohours.
• Après-demain je saurai tous les détails de cette affaire. - Day after tomorrowIwillknowAlldetailsthisaffairs.

In French the simple future tense helps to make a request in politeness formulas:

• Je vous prierai de me prévenir. – I’ll ask you to warn me.
• Vousm'écrirez,n'est-cepas? – You will write to me, won’t you?
• Je vous demanderai votre aide. - II'll askyourshelp.
• Tum'aideras? - Will you help me?
• Vouspourrezm'aider? - Can you help me?

Also expresses an order. In this case, Futur simple acts as an imperative:

• Vous emmenerez les enfants à l'école. - Youwill you take mechildrenVschool.
• Tetairas-tu? - Shut up!
• Tu feras cela tout de suite! – You will do it now!
• Vous me raconterez cette nouvelle. – You will tell me this news.
• Tu iras là-bas! - Youwill you gothere!

Future simple helps to make a guess/prediction:

• Pierre arrivera demain. – Pierrewill comeTomorrow.
• Ce sera une année difficile pour notre président. - ThiswilldifficultyearForourpresident.
• Quand elle revient, elle trouvera beaucoup de changements. - Whenshewill come back, shewill finda lot ofchanges.
• Le program de main sera très intéressant. – Tomorrow’sprogramwillinteresting.
• Michel sera à Paris l'année prochaine. – Michelle will be in Paris next year.

Simple future tense expresses hope/expectation:

• Je pense qu'ils viendront demain. - I think they will come tomorrow.
• Nous attendons que Marie nous apportera la nouvelle vaisselle. - Wewe are waiting, WhatMariewill bringusnewdishes.
• Jeanne attend que sa mère achètera une nouvelle robe pour elle. – Zhannawaiting, WhatherMotherwill buyForhernewdress.
• J'espère que je le verrai demain. – I hope that I will see him tomorrow.
• Nous espérons que vous nous visiterez la semaine prochaine. – We hope that you will visit us next week.

Future simple participates in Conditionnel présent in the main clause:

• Si je vois Michel, je parlerai avec lui. - IfII'll seeMichel, IWithhimI'll talk.
• Je viendrai chez toi, si tu m’invites. - I will come to you if you invite me.
• Si nous avons assez d'argent, nous acheterons cette voiture. - Ifatuswillenoughmoney, Welet's buythiscar.
• Si j'ai deux oeufs et un peu de lait, je préparerai une tarte. - IfatmewilltwoeggsAndA littlemilk, II'll cookpie.
• Si je finis mon article, j’irai chez ma copine. - IfII'll finishmyarticle, II'll goTogirlfriend.

Futur simple in French, really simple. This grammar section will be quite easy to understand. We wish you good luck!

You might also be interested in:

There are several ways to express the future tense, and in this lesson you will become familiar with the aspectual tense form. Future Simple.

Education Futur Simple

Form Future Simple formed by adding certain endings to the verb: -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont. If you look closely, you will realize that these endings are similar to verb forms avoir in the present tense: in all persons except the 1st and 2nd person plural. Only a few letters match there.

Verbs of the 1st and 2nd groups, as well as verbs of the 3rd group ending in -ir, form the future tense by adding the endings listed above to the indefinite form of the verb. Let's look at some examples of verb conjugation different groups and their use in the future tense:

Je parlera au professeur- I'll talk to the professor.
Ill habitera en France.— He will live in France.

When using verbs of the 1st group in Futur Simple, the letter "e"(from the ending of the indefinite form) is not read or pronounced as [uh].

For verbs of the 3rd group -re in the future tense the final tense appears "e". For example:

Some verbs of the 3rd group change the stem, after which the same endings of the future tense are added to it. The basics of these verbs need to be remembered:

As you can see, there are few such verbs, and the stems of the future tense are mainly consonant with the indefinite form.

Futur Simple in interrogative and negative sentences

Interrogative and negative sentences are constructed according to the same rules that are already familiar to you: questions - using inversion and turnover "est-ce-que" negation - using particles “ne…pas.”

In sentences after the particle "si"(=if) the future tense is not used.

Typically this is complex sentences with a subordinate condition (one of the sentences as part of a complex sentence that answers the question “under what condition?”). Such sentences are translated into Russian using the future.

For example: Si il est libre, il ira au cinéma.— If he is free, he will go to the cinema.

As can be seen from the example, the form of the future tense Futur Simple is used only in one part of the sentence, and after "si" is put Present.

Important! Future Simple can express not only an action that will happen in the future. It can be used to express polite requests, for example:
Je voudrai une tasse de the. — I'd like a cup of tea.

Also Futur Simple with verbs "etre" And "avoir" may express uncertainty and doubt: Où est-elle? – Elle sera à l’école. Where is she? - She's probably at school.

Futur Simple is also used to express an order or advice: Vous prendrez garde!- Be careful!

Do you remember everything? Test yourself by completing several tasks!

Lesson assignments

Exercise 1. Translate into French.
demain - tomorrow
dans - through
une chanson - song
chanter – to sing
jour - day
en excursion – on an excursion

1. I will watch this film tomorrow. 2. I will sing one song. 3. You can leave in ten minutes. 4. They will buy big house. 5. Students will talk to the professor. 6. We are leaving in three days. 7. I will live in England. 8. We will finish work tomorrow. 9. Will you go on an excursion?

Exercise 2. Open the brackets using either Futur Simple or Présent.
1. Nous (visiter) la ferme, si nous (avoir)eu le temps. 2. Si vous (donner) votre adresse je vous (trouver) vite. 3. Si il (aller) au magasin, il (achèter) du pain. 4. Si je (etre) libre demain, je (venir) chez toi. 5. Je (écrire) une lettre, si je (avoir) eu le temps.

Answer 1.
1. Je verrai ce film demain. 2. Je chanterai une chanson. 3. Vous pourrez partir dans 10 minutes. 4. Ils acheteront une grande maison. 5. Les étudiantes parlera au professeur. 6. Ils partiront dans 3 jours. 7. J'habiterai en Angleterre. 8. Nous finirons le travail demain. 9. Iras-tu en excursion?

Answer 2.
1. visiterons, avons 2. donnez, trouverai 3. va, achètera 4. suis, viendrai 5. écrirai, ai

In French, there are simple future tenses: Futur Simple (simple future), most common in spoken and written speech. Futur dans le Passé (the so-called future in the past), used to convey the simple future in indirect speech. Among the complex ones there are: Futur Antérieur (pre-future tense), used to convey an action that will occur in the future earlier than any other future action or will be performed at a certain moment in the future. Futur Antérieur dans le Passé (pre-future tense in terms of the past), used to convey Futur Antérieur tense in indirect speech.

To convey a future action, the French language also has periphrastic forms: Futur Immédiat (in terms of the present) to express the action closest to the present moment of speech. It serves as a full-fledged replacement for the simple future and is widely used both in oral and written speech. Futur Immédiat dans le Passé (in terms of the past) is used to replace Futur Immédiat in indirect speech.

Future Simple
Education:
INFINITIF + ai, as, a, ons, ez, ont
1e groupe 2e groupe
je demanderai
tu demanderas
il, elle, on demandera
nous demanderons
vous demanderez
ils, elles demanderont je choisirai
tu choisiras
il choice
nous choices
vous choice
ils choice
Forme negative: Je ne demanderai pas, etc.
Forms interrogatives: Demanderai-je?
Demanderas-tu?
Demandera-t-il (elle,on)?
Demanderons-nous?
Demanderez-vous?
Demanderont-il (elles)?
Ne demanderai-je pas ? etc.
N. B. verbs of group 3 ending with -re lose the letter “e” - nous dirons.

Many verbs of group 3 are an exception and are formed according to the following scheme: special verb stem + endings
avoir j"aurai être je serai envoyer j"enverrai
aller j"irai venir je viendrai courir je courrai
mourir je mourrai faire je ferai savoir je saurai
pouvoir je pourrai devoir je devrai recevoir je recevrai
voir je verrai cueillir je cueillerai vouloir je voudrai
s"asseoir j"assiérai falloir il faudra pleuvoir il pleuvra

Translated into Russian by the future tense of perfective/imperfective verbs (Je me promenerai I'll take a walk, I'll walk)
Used:
1. To express a future action (L "année prochaine, nous irons dans le Midi).
2. To replace the imperative in 2 l. units and many more h. (Vous viendrez demain à trois heures).
3. To convey a polite tone (Je vous ferai remarquer que... Let me point out to you that...)
4. When formulating religious commandments (Tu ne voleras point Thou shalt not steal)
5. In narration when describing the perspective of events (La qualité révolutionnnaire du caractère national français se manifestera dans toute son ampleur en 1789). This is the so-called Future Historique. It should be noted that the future tense in French contains the sense of uncertainty and serves 6. to express an assumption, a hypothesis (Ce sera sa sœur aînée - This is probably his / her / older sister).

The hypothetical meaning of the verbs avoir, être is conveyed using Futur Simple,
For other verbs it is preferable to use Futur antérieur.
Le Futur Immédiat
Education: le présent de ALLER + INFINITIF
je vais écouter nous allons écouter
tu vas écouter vous allez écouter
il va écouter ils vont écouter
Forme negative: Je ne vais pas écouter etc.
Forms interrogatives: Vais-je écouter ? Ne vais-je pas écouter?
This time used to express the action closest to the moment of speech (Ne t"inquiète pas, je vais revenir Don’t worry, I’ll be back soon / I’ll be back), i.e. when translating, an indicator of the closest implementation of the action (now, soon) is required. Also use lexical equivalents to gather, intend to do something (Quand allez-vous discuter ce problème? When do you intend /are going/ to discuss this issue?)