TEMPLE OF THE ASSUMPTION OF THE HOLY VIRGIN IN PECHATNIKI ON SRETENKE
With the baptism of Rus' in the 9th century. It started new story. Prince Vladimir - “Red Sun” - the first of the great Russian princes is thinking about the abolition of the death penalty, education and humanization of the population in the Spirit of Christ, after many years of paganism and political lawlessness. The first centers of enlightenment appeared: Temples and monasteries. Here the spiritual core of the people is forged. Together with Orthodoxy, Rus' also receives a linguistic culture, the alphabet.
Since books copied by hand are very expensive, the main way to teach the basics of Orthodoxy: reading the Bible and Christian books in temples.
When Moscow becomes the capital of Rus', it is decorated with churches built of stone and brick. By the beginning of the 9th century. The ringing of the “Forty Forty” churches floated in the Moscow sky.
Each small quarter of Moscow with a population of 200-1000 inhabitants had its own parish and its own church (wooden or brick, depending on prosperity).
Church of the Assumption Holy Mother of God, which is in Pechatniki, is located in the city of Moscow at the corner of Sretenka and Rozhdestvensky Boulevard passage (the area called “Pechatniki” got its name from the printers who lived here, i.e. the masters of the Sovereign Printing House: typesetters, collators, teredor workers, labor workers (overlay workers paints for letters), flag bearers, as well as bailiffs and watchmen).
The time and circumstances of the initial construction of the temple in Pechatnaya Sloboda are not known.
Certain documentary information has been preserved. For the first time it is mentioned in the list of "forties" churches of 1631-32.
The records stored in the church archive indicate that the first church in Pechatniki, built unknown when and by whom, was wooden, in honor of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
Around 1695, a new one-domed stone church was built in honor of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary without limits, with a refectory and a tent-shaped bell tower; in 1722 it was not there.
In the 18th century At the Assumption Church, two chapels were built, one in honor of John the Baptist in a special extension to the right side of the meal, and the other in the name of St. Nicholas inside the meal itself, on the left side.
Two sad events in the history of Moscow in the 18th century. - The Trinity Fire of 1737 and the pestilence of 1771 - fortunately, did not have adverse consequences for the Assumption Church in Pechatniki. We do not see it among the burned churches of the Sretensky Forty in the statement presented to Empress Anna Ioannovna by Adjutant General Saltykov. During the pestilence, she escaped the fate of those 75 churches that were sealed as a result of the death of priests, and after it, in 1774, out of 260 parish churches, she was considered one of the 55
"best".
Late XVIII and early XIX centuries Should be called the time of the most flourishing state of the Assumption, in Pechatniki, church. Through the labors of the priest Vasily Ioannov Komarov, who was its ktitor for more than 15 years, with the satisfied participation in the labors of the worthy deacon John, a silver frame was installed on the temple image, the Gospel, the ark, the cross, and vessels were purchased, and the sacristy was repaired.
“In 1794, a cold church was painted for 700 rubles, and in 1795 a warm one was painted for 400 rubles. painter Nikolai Nikolaev Tyapkin based on his material. In 1798, a large bell weighing 177 points, costing 3,417 rubles, and two small ones were cast. In 1805, a new iconostasis was made by a parishioner, Moscow merchant Dmitriev, for 1,500 rubles and erected for the Easter holiday. The icons, except for the lower tier, were painted by icon painters Peter and Mikhail Ivanov for 1000 rubles."
The year 1812 put an end to such church prosperity. On September 2, the French entered Moscow and were at the Sretensky Gate. On the 5th, the enemies plundered the church, and the next day they set it on fire. Died in fire - St. altars, iconostases, icons, church utensils, most of the library. The church warden, the Moscow merchant Grigory Dmitriev, saved and then presented 26 pounds to the parishioners. silver and utensils buried in the ground. The elder did not leave the church, he was alive in the bell tower. On October 11, after the French had left, he saved the church from robbers who broke the door to steal things hidden in the church. The church items buried in the ground remained intact and were initially given to the Sretensky Monastery for safekeeping. The own houses of church employees and church shops burned down; out of 45 parish courtyards, only 8 survived.
After the enemy, an iconostasis was built in the chapel of John the Baptist and consecrated on March 30, 1813, then the chapel of St. Nicholas was resumed and consecrated on April 24, 1814.
In 1900-1902, the external and internal decoration of the newly built side church was completed. The interior decoration of the temple was carried out by the best craftsmen under the general supervision of the architect V.V. Jordan. The walls are covered with ornaments in the Russian-Byzantine style and decorated with sacred images. Of the latter, some are remarkable both for the artistry of their execution and the power of the impression they make. These are the images of the evangelists on the ceiling and the Annunciation on the front ceiling above the arch (A. M. Korin), the Savior before Pilate - on the back above the door (Strunnikova), St. Nicholas on the north (I. P Bogdanova). The icons were again painted by the artist S.K. Shvarev. All the work was carried out with the energy, labor and care of the church warden Pavel Petrovich Sevostyanov, cost more than 50 thousand rubles and was carried out with funds donated by him, parishioners and willing donors, and church funds.
The church was closed after 1917. After its closure, the premises were occupied by the Arktikproekt trust, and on January 12, 1960, the exhibition “USSR Marine Fleet” opened, showing the history of shipping in Russia from the first shuttles to the newest nuclear-powered ships.
In 1991, plans appeared to transfer the temple to the brotherhood of the neighboring Sretensky Monastery, and in 1993 they came true. In 1994, the exhibition was removed from the temple.
In 1995, the church celebrated its 300th anniversary.
According to legend, in this church the wedding of a decrepit old man and a young girl took place, which served the artist V.V. Pukirev as the theme for his famous painting “ Unequal marriage ».
In the church sacristy there is a Jewish silver coin, according to legend, one of those that was given to Judas for Christ the Savior. This coin, according to archaeologists, undoubtedly dates back to the time of Caesar Augustus.
References:
4. Architectural monuments of Moscow. Earthen city. 1989. P. 221.
5. Sytin. P. 428.
6. Synoidal reference book.
Coordinates: 55°46′01″ n. w. 37°37′51″ E. d. / 55.7670111° s. w. 37.6310444° E. d. / 55.7670111; 37.6310444(G) (O) (I)architectural monument
Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Pechatniki - Orthodox church, belonging to the Sretensky deanery of the Moscow diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church. Located at Sretenka Street, building 3/27.
Story
The wooden temple was built in front of the Sretensky Gate of the White City by residents of the palace Pechatnaya Sloboda in 1631. The area called “Pechatniki” received its name from the printers who lived here, the masters of the Sovereign Printing House. In the 17th century, printers settled along the stream that flowed between Sretenka and Trubnaya streets.
Sources differ on the date of the first mention of the church; according to some, the wooden church was first mentioned in 1625, according to others in 1631. In 1659, the wooden temple was rebuilt, but again in wood. This date is considered the founding date of the temple. The stone temple was built in 1695 in the Moscow Baroque style. Determine the date of construction according to the inscription on one of the images of the temple.
At the end of 1725, parishioners of the church turned to the Synodal Treasury with a request to build a warm chapel in the then cold church, for which they received permission on December 17 of the same year. The warm chapel on the right side of the refectory was erected on October 3, 1727, and on October 18 it was consecrated in the name of the Beheading of John the Baptist. In 1763, on the other side of the refectory, another chapel was erected in the name of St. Nicholas the World of Lycian Wonderworker. Around 1775, a small chapel was built near the southern façade of the refectory. In 1795, the temple was renovated and painted. In 1812, the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was plundered by the French army, and all outbuildings were burned. The houses of the temple employees and all the church shops burned down. In 1813, an iconostasis was made and consecrated in the church. In 1897-1902, the refectory and chapel were completely rebuilt according to the design of the architect M. A. Aladin. The bell tower, the lower tier of which is built into the refectory, is a two-tier quadrangle carrying an octagon of bells, topped with a small brick tent. The walls were decorated with images of saints and paintings of biblical stories.
After October revolution the temple was closed, crosses were removed from it, and the fence was dismantled. A complete redevelopment was done inside the temple. The temple building was given to the Artikproekt trust; since 1950, the temple building housed the “Soviet Arctic” museum, then the “USSR Marine Fleet” museum, which housed an exhibition on the history of shipping in Russia from the first shuttles to the latest nuclear-powered ships.
In 1991, at the request of the Transfiguration Brotherhood of Father Georgy Kochetkov, the temple was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. It was re-consecrated in 1994.
Father Georgy Kochetkov was the rector of the church before the conflict situation on June 28, 1997. In 1997, before the conflict, Father Mikhail Dubovitsky served with him, and after Father Georgy Kochetkov was banned from serving, Archpriest Oleg Klemyshev became the rector of the church, who still serves in the church. In 2000, by another decree of Patriarch Alexy II, the bans against Father Georgy Kochetkov were lifted.
According to legend, the wedding of a decrepit old man and a young girl took place in this church, which served as the theme for the artist V.V. Pukirev for his famous painting “Unequal Marriage.” In the church sacristy there is kept a Jewish silver coin, according to legend, one of those that was given to Judas for the betrayal of Jesus Christ.
There is a church shop in the church, there is a Sunday school in which children study liturgics, the history of church art, the history of Orthodox Moscow, and the Church Slavonic language.
Temple shrines
- Cathedral icon of the Optina Elders with particles of the relics of the 12 Optina Elders
- icon of the holy martyr Nikolai Tolgsky, the last dean of Sretensky forty, shot in 1937
- icon of St. Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow with a particle of relics
- icons of the holy Venerable Job of Pochaev and the holy Venerable Amphilochius of Pochaev with particles of relics.
Incident in the Moscow Church of the Assumption in Pechatniki
Decree issued in connection with the completion of the work of the commission to investigate the incident in the Moscow Church of the Assumption in Pechatniki
Patriarch Alexy II
Priest Georgy Serafimovich Kochetkov, temporarily banned from the priesthood, cleric of Moscow
Archpriest Oleg Fedorovich Klemyshev, dean of the churches of the Sretensky district,
and about. rector of the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Pechatniki, Moscow
To the parish meeting of the same church
Priest Mikhail Vladimirovich Dubovitsky, cleric of the same church
To the confessor of Moscow, Archpriest Vladimir Zhavoronkov
Icons for the rector of the temple Mother of God"Life-Giving Spring" in Tsaritsyn, Moscow"
Church of the Assumption in Pechatniki.
In connection with the completion of the work of the commission appointed by Us to investigate the incident that occurred during a divine service in the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Pechatniki on June 29, 1997, and the establishment by this commission of the fact of violence and mockery of the priest Mikhail Dubovitsky, as well as the clarification of the reasons for this, expressed in the systematic manifestation of arbitrariness on the part of both the liturgical and other activities of the parish he heads, which served to disrupt church peace, create a conflict situation, as well as a temptation not only for Orthodox people, but also for those looking for a way to the temple - we consider it appropriate :
7. When holding a meeting of the Parish Assembly, which should be held under the chairmanship of Our vicar, the rector of the temple should take care of making changes to the composition of the Parish Assembly, excluding from it persons who have been excommunicated from church communion and who have received other punishments, as well as re-elect the governing bodies of the parish who are guilty in the development of a conflict situation that arose in the church, unacceptable for an Orthodox church.
Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy
The wooden temple was built in front of the Sretensky Gate of the White City by residents of the palace Pechatnaya Sloboda in 1631. The area called “Pechatniki” received its name from the printers who lived here, the masters of the Sovereign Printing House. In the 17th century, printers settled along the stream that flowed between Sretenka and Trubnaya streets.
Sources differ on the date of the first mention of the church; according to some, the wooden church was first mentioned in 1625, according to others in 1631.
In 1659, the wooden temple was rebuilt, but again in wood. This date is considered the founding date of the temple.
The stone temple was built in 1695 in the Moscow Baroque style. Determine the date of construction according to the inscription on one of the images of the temple.
Nikolai Naidenov (1834-1905) , Public DomainAt the end of 1725, parishioners of the church turned to the Synodal Treasury with a request to build a warm chapel in the then cold church, for which they received permission on December 17 of the same year.
The warm chapel on the right side of the refectory was erected on October 3, 1727, and on October 18 it was consecrated in the name of the Beheading of John the Baptist.
In 1763, on the other side of the refectory, another chapel was erected in the name of St. Nicholas the World of Lycian Wonderworker. Around 1775, a small chapel was built near the southern façade of the refectory.
In 1795, the temple was renovated and painted.
In 1812, the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was plundered by the French army, and all outbuildings were burned. The houses of the temple employees and all the church shops burned down.
In 1813, an iconostasis was made and consecrated in the church. In 1897-1902, the refectory and chapel were completely rebuilt according to the design of the architect M. A. Aladin. The bell tower, the lower tier of which is built into the refectory, is a two-tier quadrangle carrying an octagon of bells, topped with a small brick tent. The walls were decorated with images of saints and paintings of biblical stories.
After the October Revolution, the temple was closed, crosses were removed from it, and the fence was dismantled. A complete redevelopment was done inside the temple.
The temple building was given to the Artikproekt trust; since 1950, the temple building housed the “Soviet Arctic” museum, then the “USSR Marine Fleet” museum, which housed an exhibition on the history of shipping in Russia from the first shuttles to the latest nuclear-powered ships.
NVO, GNU 1.2 In 1991, at the request of the Transfiguration Brotherhood of Father Georgy Kochetkov, the temple was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. It was re-consecrated in 1994.
Father Georgy Kochetkov was the rector of the church before the conflict situation on June 28, 1997. In 1997, before the conflict, Father Mikhail Dubovitsky served with him, and after Father Georgy Kochetkov was banned from serving, Archpriest Oleg Klemyshev became the rector of the church, who still serves in the church. In 2000, by another decree of Patriarch Alexy II, the bans against Father Georgy Kochetkov were lifted.
According to legend, the wedding of a decrepit old man and a young girl took place in this church, which served as the theme for the artist V.V. Pukirev for his famous painting “Unequal Marriage.” In the church sacristy there is kept a Jewish silver coin, according to legend, one of those that was given to Judas for the betrayal of Jesus Christ.
There is a church shop in the church, there is a Sunday school in which children study liturgics, the history of church art, the history of Orthodox Moscow, and the Church Slavonic language.
