When I read about the height of the wave caused by the tsunami in 1958, did not believe his eyes. Twistered once, the other. Everywhere the same thing. No, probably, after all, the comma was mistaken, and everything from each other copied. Or maybe in units of measurement?
Well, as otherwise, here, what do you think there may be a wave from tsunami high in 524 meters? Half kilometer!
Now we learn that there was actually ...
Here is what the eyewitness writes:
"After the first push, I fell from the bed and looked towards the beginning of the bay, from where there was noise. Mountains terribly trembled, stones and avalanches rushed down. And especially hit the glacier in the north, he is called the Lituya Glacier. Usually, it is not visible from the place where I was anchored. People swing their heads when I tell them that I saw him that night. I can't do anything if they don't believe me. I know that the glacier is not visible from the place where I was anchored in Anchorage Bay, but I also know what I saw him that night. The glacier rose into the air and moved forward, so that he was visible. He must have risen a few hundred feet. I do not say that he just hung in the air. But he was shaking and jumped like crazy. Large pieces of ice fell from its surface into the water. The glacier was in six miles from me, and I saw big pieces that fell off from him with a huge dump truck. It lasted for some time - it is difficult to say how long - and then suddenly the glacier disappeared from the field of view and the large wall of water rose above this place. The wave went to our side, after which I was too busy to say what else happened there. "
On July 9, 1958, an unusually strong catastrophe occurred in the Bay of Lituya in the south-east of Alaska. In this bay, goes into the land of more than 11 km, Geologist D. Miller discovered the difference at the age of trees on the slope of the hills surrounding the bay. According to the annual rings of trees, he calculated that over the past 100 years in the bay, at least four times the waves arose with a maximum height of several hundred meters. To the conclusions of Miller reacted with great distrust. And here, on July 9, 1958, north of the bay there was a strong earthquake on the fault of Farueter, which caused the destruction of buildings, the coast collapse, the formation of numerous cracks. And the huge landslide on the slope of the mountain over the bay caused a wave of record height (524 m), which at a speed of 160 km / h rolled along a narrow, similar to the fjord of the bay.
Lithuania is a fjord located on Failer Faerueter in the northeastern part of Alaska Bay. This is a T-shaped bay with a length of 14 kilometers and up to three kilometers in width. The maximum depth is 220 m. The narrow entrance to the bay has a depth of only 10 m. Two glaciers are descended to the Lituya Bay, each of which has a length of about 19 km and the width to 1.6 km. For preceding the previously described events, a century in Litua has already been observed waves with a height of more than 50 meters: in 1854, 1899 and 1936.
The earthquake of 1958 caused subaeral stonepad at the mouth of the Hilbert Glacier in the Lituya Bay. As a result of this landslide, more than 30 million cubic meters of rocks collapsed into the bay and led megatsunov to formation. 5 people died from this catastrophe: three on the island of Huntak and two more washed off waves in the bay. In yakutat, the only constant settlement Near the epicenter, infrastructure facilities were damaged: bridges, docks and oil pipelines.
After the earthquake, a study was conducted by a researched lake, located north-west of the bend of the Lituya glacier at the very beginning of the bay. It turned out that the lake fell 30 meters. This fact served as a basis for one hypothesis of the formation of a giant wave with a height of more than 500 meters. Probably, during the departure of the glacier, a large volume of water fell into the bay through an ice tunnel under the glacier. However, the flow of water from the lake could not be the main cause of megatsuni.
A huge mass of ice, stones and land (about 300 million cubic meters) from the glacier rushed down, exposing the mountain slopes. The earthquake destroyed numerous buildings, there were cracks in the ground, slithering the coast. The moving mass collapsed on the northern part of the bay, piled it, and then crawled to the opposite slope of the mountain, harvested with him forest cover to the height of more than three hundred meters. The landslide gave rise to a gigantic wave, which literally made a lithuania bay towards the ocean. The wave was so great, which overthrowed the whole across the entire shallow of the bay.
Eyewitnesses of the catastrophe turned out to be people on board ships that were anchored in the bay. From a terrible push, they were thrown from beds. Jumping on his feet, they did not believe their eyes: the sea boosted. "Giant landslides, raising the clouds of dust and snow on their way, started running on the slopes of the mountains. Soon, their attention attracted a completely fantastic sight: the mass of ice glacier Lituya, located far to the north and is usually hidden by a peak, which rises at the entrance to the bay, as if climbed above the mountains and then melted in the water of the inner bay. All this was like some nightmare. In the eyes of shocked people, a huge wave rose, which absorbed the foot of the northern mountain. After that, she swept over the bay, sniffing trees from the slopes of the mountains; Having collapsed by the water mountain to the island of Kenotafia ... rolled through the highest point of the island, towering 50 m above sea level. All this mass suddenly overthrew in the water of the close bay, causing a huge wave, the height of which, obviously, reached 17-35 m. Its energy was so great that the wave was furiously worn around the bay, overwhelming the slopes of the mountains. In the indoor pool, the shore wave blows were probably very strong. The slopes of the Northern Mountains, turned to the bay, were denaked: where a dense forest was growing, now there were naked rocks; Such a picture was observed at an altitude of up to 600 meters.
One Barcass was highly raised, easily moved through the shallow and rebelled into the ocean. At that moment, when Barcas was transferred through the shallow, the fishermen were seen on it were worthwhile trees. The wave literally transferred people through the island in the open sea. During a nightmare horse at the giant wave, the shipyushko pounds about the trees and debris. Barkas sank, but the fishermen just survived the fishermen and after two hours they were saved. Of the two other Barcasov, one safely endured the wave, but the other would have killed, and people who were in it were missing.
Miller discovered that trees growing on the upper boundary of the naked area, just below 600 m above the bay, bent and broken, their fallen trunks are directed to the top of the mountain, but the roots are not pulled out of the soil. Something pushed these trees up. The huge force, which accomplished this, could not be anything else, as the riding a giant wave, which was overwhelmed by the mountain at that July evening of 1958. "
Mr. Howard J. Ulrich on her yacht, which is called "Edri", entered the water area of \u200b\u200bthe Bay of Lituya about eight in the evening and became anchored at the nine-meter depth in a small cove in the southern shore. Howard says that suddenly the yacht began to rock much. He ran to the deck and saw the rocks in the northeastern part of the bay came into motion because of the earthquake and the water began to fall a huge blocking of the breed. About two and a half minutes after the earthquake, he heard a stunning sound from the destruction of the rock.
"We have seen exactly that the wave went from the Bay of Hilbert, accurately before the earthquake ended. But at first it was not a wave. At first it was more like an explosion, as if the glacier would split into parts. The wave grown out of the surface of the water, at first it was almost no visible, who would have thought that then the water would rise to a semi-kilometer height. "
Ulrich said that he watched the whole process of development of the wave, which reached their yachts in a very short time - something about two and a half or three minutes since it was first noted. "Since we did not want to lose anchor, we completely caught an anchor chain (about 72 meters) and started the engine. After halfway between the northeast edge of the Bay Lituya and the Island of Satotaf, it was possible to see the wall of the water of the thirty-meter height, which stretched from one shore to another. When the wave approached the northern part of the island, it was divided into two parts, but, having passed the southern part of the island, the wave again became one. She was smooth, only from above was a small scallop. When this water mountain approached our yacht, her front was steep enough and his height was from 15 to 20 meters. Before the wave came to the place where our yacht was located, we did not feel any decrease in water or other changes, with the exception of light vibration, which was transferred on water from the tectonic processes that began to act during the earthquake. As soon as the wave approached us and began to raise our yacht, the anchor chain shook himself. The yacht suffered towards the southern shore and then, on the back of the wave, towards the center of the bay. The peak of the wave was not very wide, from 7 to 15 meters, and the rear front was less steep than the front.
When a gigantic wave flashed past us, the water surface returned to his normal level, but we could observe around the yacht a lot of turbulent twists, as well as the random waves of the six-meter height, which moved from one shore of the bay to another. These waves have not formed any noticeable movement of water from the mouth of the bay to its northeastern part and back. "
After 25-30 minutes, the surface of the bay calmed down. Near the shores it was possible to see a lot of logs, branches and torn trees. All this trash slowly drifted towards the center of the Bay Lituya and to his mouth. In fact, during the entire incident, Ulrich did not lose control over the yacht. When at 11 pm "Edri" approached the entrance to the bay, it was possible to observe the normal flow, which is usually caused by the daily ocean water tide.
Other eyewitnesses of the catastrophe, a married couple Svneson on a yacht called "Badger", entered the Bay of Lituya about nine evenings. At first, their ship approached the island of Satotaf, and then returned to the anchorage bay on the north bank of the bay, not far from his mouth (see map). Svenson steel anchored at a depth of about seven meters and went to bed. William Svenson's dream was interrupted due to severe vibration of the yacht case. He ran to the head of the control and began to clock what was happening. Slightly more than a minute from the moment when William felt vibration for the first time, and probably before the end of the earthquake, he looked towards the northeastern part of the bay, which was visible against the background of the Isot of Satotaf. The traveler saw something he accepted first for the Lituya Glacier, who rose into the air and began to move towards the observer. "It seemed that this mass was solid, but she jumped and swayed. Big pieces of ice constantly fell in front of this block. " After a short time, "the glacier disappeared from the field of view, and instead of him in that place there was a big wave and went in the direction of Kosh La Gauss, just where our yacht was anchored." In addition, Svenson drew attention to the fact that the wave flooded the shore at a very noticeable height.
When the wave was the island of Senotaf, her height was about 15 meters in the center of the Bay and smoothly decreased near the shores. She passed the island about two and a half minutes after it could first notice, and reached the yacht "Badger" after eleven and a half minutes (approximately). Before the arrival of the wave, William, as well as Howard Ulrich, did not notice any decrease in the water level or any turbulent phenomena.
Yacht "Badger", which still stood anchored, raised the wave and suffered in the direction of Kosh La Gauss. The yacht feed at the same time was below the crest of the wave, so the position of the vessel resembled the surfboard. Svenson looked at this moment at the place where the trees growing on La Gaussey should be visible. At that moment they were hidden by water. William noted that the trees layer was located on top of the trees, equal to about two lengths of his yacht, about 25 meters. Passing the braid La Gaussi, the wave very quickly went to the decline.
In the place where the Swanson yacht stood, the water level began to fall, and the ship hit the bottom of the bay, remaining afloat near the shore. After 3-4 minutes after the strike, Svenson saw that the water continues to flow over the oblique La Gauss, carrying logs and other fragments of forest vegetation. He was not sure that this was not a second wave, which could move the yacht through the braid to the Bay of Alaska. Therefore, Spouses Svenson left their yacht, having moved to a small boat, with which a fishing vessel was picked up a couple of hours later.
During the incident in the Lituya Bay, there was a third ship. It was anchored at the entrance to the bay and was surrounded by a huge wave. None of the people who were aboard did not survive who died, allegedly two.
What happened July 9, 1958? That evening, a huge cliff fell into the water from a steep cliff, towering over the northeast coast of Hilbert bay. The collapse area is marked on a red card. The blow of an incredible mass of stones with a very large height caused an unprecedented tsunami, which he erased from the face of the earth, all the lives, which was located all over the shore of the Bay of Lituya, up to the braid of La Gaussi. After passing the wave on both shores of the bay, not only vegetation remained, but even the soil, there was a naked rock rock on the surface of the shore. The area of \u200b\u200bdamage is shown on a yellow card.
The numbers along the shore of the Bay denote the height above the sea level of the damaged area of \u200b\u200bthe sushi and approximately correspond to the height of the waves last here.
The biggest wave in the world was recorded on July 9, 1958 in Alaska. Wave 524 meters high He collapsed on Lituya Bay (Lituya Bay).
The gigantic wave was formed as a result of the earthquake and followed by the landslide. The earthquake power was 7.9 points, according to some data 8.3 points (it was the most powerful earthquake for the previous 50 years in this region). 300 million cubic meters of breed, ice and stones collapsed from 1100 meters. The rate of the resulting wave was 160 km / h, it practically destroyed the Kosh La Gauss, which was in the way of the "giant", also the biggest wave in the world pulled the trees with the root.
At that time, there were three fishing ships in the bay, which were also destroyed. By the lucky chance, the teams of two ships managed to escape. 2 hours after the incident, not far from the bay of Lituya, a rescue ship was picked up. However, the team of the third ship as part of two people could not be saved, their bodies were not found.
In second place among the biggest waves on Earth costs 250 meter waveFormed on May 18, 1980 on Lake Spirit Lake (Spirit Lake) in Washington (USA). The event began with an earthquake, which took part of the rock from the slope of the mountain, as a result of this, the heated fluid located inside the volcano turned into a pair and an explosion occurred equal to 20 million tons in TNT equivalent.
In the third place in the list of the most gigantic waves of the world can be delivered wave a height of 100 meterswhich was recorded in 1792 in Japan. It was formed as a result of the collapse of the part of Mount Unzen (Unzen), the collapse occurred due to a powerful earthquake (6.4 points). A gigantic wave covered the settlement nearby. About 15 thousand people died.
Another tragedy associated with huge waves occurred on October 9, 1963 on the Viont dam in Italy (Belluno Province). Big wave 90 meters high Formed as a result of collapse in a reservoir of a huge stone array of 2 square meters. km. The gigantic wave went under the bottom to lie at a speed of about 10 m / s, flushing everything in its path. Died in various data from 2 to 3 thousand people, several settlements were completely destroyed.
According to many scientists, the biggest waves in the world will not form as a result of earthquakes, but as a result it is the collapse of large mountainous massifs on the coast or near reservoirs. Scientists have already compiled a list of possible areas of breed collapse and allocate 4 main places:
1) Hawaiian Islands. Experts believe that landslides from local volcanoes can cause a wave with a height of up to 1 kilometer in height.
2) British Columbia (Canada). Some geologists believe that part of the Brequenridge Mountain can collapse in Lake Harrison, after which a big wave is formed, which can wash off the tourist town of Harrison-Hot Springs (95 kilometers from Vancouver)
3) Canary Islands. Special attention of scientists (in particular the English volcanologist William McGwire, the American seismologist Stephen Ward and others) here attracts the island of La Palma with his chain of volcanoes Cumbre Vieja. Scientists say that as a result of the earthquake, a mining array of 500 cubic km can occur., Because of which the biggest wave in the world has a height of more than 1 kilometer, which will spread in the western direction. Mostly fall on the east coast of South and North America. Upon reaching such cities like Boston, Miami, New York, etc. The wave height can be from 20 to 50 meters.
4) Green Cape Islands (Cape Verde). Local cool cliffs can also represent a greater danger.
In the world, there is also an interesting and so far a little learned phenomenon called "Killer Waves". These are huge solitary waves whose height ranges from 20 to 34 meters. The first, the officially fixed case of the appearance of a killer wave occurred on the Dropner Oil Platform on January 1, 1995 near the Norwegian coast. Her height was 25.6 meters.
Interestingly, the killer waves appear from nowhere, in contrast to the same tsunami, the reason for the appearance of which is landslides and earthquakes. It is believed that the killer waves arise due to their transformation during the movement on the ocean, as well as the peculiarities of their own speakers.
A feature of the killer wave is also the fact that it has a much greater pressure on the object (ship, oil platform, etc.). One square The surface meter is experiencing a pressure of 100 tons, while the usual wave of 12 meters high with a pressure of 12 tons. It can be imagined that the killer wave can do with the ship, given that most vessels are able to withstand only 15 tons.
Legends go about the biggest waves in the world. The stories about them are impressive, painted paintings amazing imagination. But many believe that there are no such high in reality, and the eyewitnesses simply exaggerate. Modern ways of tracking and fixing do not leave doubts: the giant waves exist, this is an indisputable fact.
What are they are
The study of the seas and oceans using modern devices and knowledge has allowed to classify the degree of their excitement not only by the strength of the storm in points. There is another criterion - the causes of the occurrence:
- killer Waves: These are giant wind waves;
- tsunami: arise as a result of movement of tectonic plates, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions;
- coastal appears in places with a special terrain of the bottom;
- underwater (sewers and microsisses): They are usually unnoticed from the surface, but they may be no less dangerous than the surface.
The mechanics of the origin of the biggest waves are completely different, as well as the records of height and speed they put. Therefore, consider each category separately, and we learn what heights they were conquered.
Waves killers
It is difficult to imagine that a huge high-alone single wave killer really exists. But over the past decades, this statement has become a proven fact: they recorded special boys and satellites. Not bad studied this phenomenon Within the framework of the international MaxWave project, created to monitor all the seas and oceans of the world, where the satellites of the European Space Agency were used. And scientists took advantage of computer simulation to deal with the causes of such giants.
An interesting fact: it was found that small waves are capable of merge with each other, as a result of their total force and height is summed up. And when meeting with any natural obstacle (otml, reef), there is a "seduction", the strength of water excitement increases even more.
The killer waves (they are also called solitons) arise as a result of natural processes: cyclones and typhoons change atmosphere pressureHis drops are able to cause resonance, which provokes the appearance of the highest water pillars in the world. They are able to move with a huge speed (up to 180 km / h) and rise to an incredible height (theoretically up to 60 m). Although there were not yet observed, the recorded data is impressive:
- in 2012 in southern Hemisphere - 22.03 meters;
- in 2013 in the north of the Atlantic - 19;
- and a new record: near New Zealand on the night of May 8 to May 9, 2018 - 23.8 meters.
These very high waves In the world were noticed by buoyes and satellites, there are documentary evidence of their existence. So skeptics can no longer deny the existence of solitons. Their study is important, because such a mass of water, moving with a huge speed can drown any vessel, even a super-modern liner.
Unlike previous, tsunami arise as a result of serious natural cataclysms. They are much higher than solitons and have an incredible devastating force, even those that do not achieve special heights. And they are dangerous not so much to those who are in the sea, how many residents of coastal cities. The powerful impulse during the eruption or earthquake raises the giant water strata, they are able to develop speed up to 800 km / h, and collapsed on the coast with incredible power. In the "risk zone" - bays with high shores, sea and oceans with underwater volcanoes, territory with increased seismic activity. The lightningness of the occurrence, incredible speed, a huge devastating force - this is how to characterize all the well-known tsunami.
Here are some examples that everyone will kill each in danger of the highest waves in the world:
- In 2011, Honshu Island: After the earthquake, the tsunami tsunami in 40 meters was collapsed on the shores of Japan, as a result more than 15,000 people died, many thousands still listened to missing. And the coast is completely destroyed.
- 2004, Thailand, Sumatra and Java Islands: After the earthquake, the magnitude of more than 9 points are monstrous at the power of tsunami, the height of more than 15 m rolled over the ocean, the victims were in the most different places. Even in South Africa, 7,000 km from the epicenter of the people. A total of about 300,000 people died.
- 1896, Honshu Island: more than 10 thousand houses were destroyed, about 27 thousand people died;
- 1883, after Krakatau's eruption: tsunami about 40 meters rolled from Java and Sumatra, where more than 35 thousand people died (some historians believe that the victims were much more, about 200,000). And then at a speed of 560 km / h, the tsunami crossed the quiet and Indian Oceans, past Africa, Australia and America. And reached the Atlantic Ocean: in Panama and in France, changes in the water level were noted.
But the biggest wave in the history of mankind should be recognized by the tsunami in the Lituya Bay in Alaska. Skeptics can be domestic, but the fact remains: after the earthquake, Farueter fell on July 9, 1958 was formed by supermen. The giant water post of 524 meters high at a speed of about 160 km / h crossed the bay and the island of Kenotafia, pushing through his highest point. In addition to evidence of eyewitnesses, this catastrophe has other confirmations, for example, the dotted trees at the highest point of the island. The most amazing that human sacrifices were minimal, died crew members of a Barcas. And the other, located nearby, just shocked through the island, and he was in the open ocean.
Coastal waves
The constant excitement of the sea in narrow bays is not uncommon. Features of the coastline can provoke a high and quite dangerous surf. Water element unrest initially may occur as a result of storms, collisions of ocean flows, on the "junction" of water, for example, the Atlantic and Indian Ocean. It is worth noting that such phenomena are constant. Therefore, you can call particularly dangerous places. This is Bermuda, Cape Horn, the southern coast of Africa, the shores of Greece, the Norwegian shelves.
Such places are well known to the navigators. No wonder Cape Horn has long enjoyed the "bad glory" from the navigators.
But in Portugal, in a small village of Nazar, the power of the sea began to use for peaceful purposes. This coast was chosen by surfers, the storms period begins every winter and it is guaranteed to ride the waves of 25 - 30 meters altitude. It was here that the famous surfist of Garrett McNamar established world records. Also popular with the conquerors of the water element use the coast of California, Hawaii and Tahiti.
Underwater unrest
Not so much is known about this phenomenon. Oceanological scientists suggest that sewers and microsiers arise as a result of a difference in water density. It is on the border of such a watershed and sewage arise. The layer separating different water density, first slowly rises, and then suddenly and sharply falls almost 100 meters. And on the surface such a movement is practically not felt. But for submarines such a phenomenon is just a catastrophe. They dramatically fall into depth, where the pressure can repeatedly exceed the strength of the case. In order to investigate the causes of the death of the atomic submarine "Treser" in 1963, Sishey were the main version and the most believable.
The biggest waves in history are most often associated with tragedies. Pibli and people, destroyed the coast and infrastructure, threw huge liners ashore and washed in water whole cities. But it should be recognized that the huge, rushing with an incredible speed of the Water Post, produces an indelible impression. This spectacle will always scare and endure simultaneously.
Which is striking with its power, force and limitless energy. This element makes the attention of researchers who are trying to figure out the very nature of the occurrence of giant waves to prevent terrible consequences from the destructive power of water. This review will be presented with a list of the most ambitious tsunami, which occurred over the last 60 years.
Destructive wave in Alaska
The biggest tsunami in the world arise under the influence various factorsHowever, earthquakes are the most common cause of this phenomenon. It is the underground shocks that became the basis for the formation of a deadly wave in 1964 in Alaska. The Great Friday (March 27) is one of the main Christian holidays - overshadowed with an earthquake with a magnitude of 9.2 points. The natural phenomenon had a direct impact on the ocean - waves of 30 meters long and 8 meters high. Tsunami demolished everything in its path: the West Coast of North America was injured, as well as Haiti and Japan. On this day, about 120 people died, and the territory of Alaska decreased by 2.4 meters.
Deadly tsunami Samoa
The photo of the biggest wave in the world (tsunami) is invariably impressive and causes the most controversial feelings - this is the horror of the realization of the scale of the following catastrophic, and some reverence before nature. Generally similar pictures for last years There was a lot on news resources. They capture the terrible consequences of a natural cataclysm who had a place in Samoa. According to reliable data, about 198 locals died during disaster, most of whom are children.
Earthquake by force 8.1 caused the largest tsunami in the world. Photos of the consequences can be seen in the review. The maximum wave height reached 13.7 meters. The water destroyed several villages, as it turned away by 1.6 km deep by sushi. In the future, after this, the tragic event in the region began to monitor the situation, which allowed the evacuation of people in time.
Hokkaido Island, Japan
The "biggest tsunami in the world" rating cannot be submitted without the case in Japan in 1993. The root cause of the formation of gigantic waves is an earthquake, which was localized by 129 km from the coast. The authorities announced the evacuation of people, but failed to avoid the victims. The height of the largest tsunami in the world in Japan was 30 meters. Special barriers did not have enough to stop the powerful stream, so the small island of okusuri was completely immersed in water. On this day, about 200 people from 250 inhabitants who inhabited the city died.
Tumako city: the horror of the December morning
1979, December 12 - one of the most tragic days in the life of people inhabiting the Pacific coast. It is in this morning about 8:00 an earthquake occurred, the magnitude of which was 8.9 points. But it was not the most serious shock that was expected to have people. After that, a whole series of tsunamis collapsed into small villages and cities, which swept everything in its path. For a few hours of disaster, 259 people died, more than 750 were serious injured, and 95 inhabitants were recognized as missing. Below to the attention of readers is a photo of the biggest wave in the world. Tsunami in Tumako cannot leave anyone indifferent.
Indonesian Tsunami
5th place in the list "The Biggest Tsunami in the World" takes a wave of 7 meters high, but stretched 160 km. The spa zone of Pangadaryan disappeared from the face of the earth along with people who inhabited this area. In July 2006, 668 residents died. More than 9,000 appealed for help in medical institutions. About 70 people were recognized as missing.
Papua New Guinea: Tsunami for the benefit of humanity
The biggest wave of the tsunami in the world, despite the severity of all the consequences, has become an opportunity for scientists to advance in studying the fundamental causes of this natural phenomenon. In particular, the primary role of strong underwater landslides, which contribute to water oscillations were determined.
In July 1998, an earthquake occurred, the magnitude of which was 7 points. Despite seismic activity, scientists could not predict the tsunami, which was the cause of numerous human victims. More than 2,000 inhabitants died under pressure of 15- and 10-meter waves, more than 10 thousand people lost their livelihoods and livelihoods, 500 people were gone.
Philippines: no chance for salvation
If you ask for specialists what the largest tsunami in the world, then they will call the wave of 1976 in one voice. During this period, a seismic activity was recorded near the island of Mindanao, in the focus, the power of the jolts reached 7.9 points. Because of the earthquake, a wave was a grandiose, which covered 700 km of the Philippine coast. Tsunamis reached a height of 4.5 m. Residents did not have time to be evacuated, which led to numerous human losses. More than 5 thousand died, 2,200 people were declared missing, about 9,500 local residents were injured. In total, they suffered from the tsunami and lost 90 thousand people above their heads.
Pacific death
1960 in history is marked red. This is due to the fact that at the end of May of this year, 6,000 people died due to the earthquake of the magnitude of 9.5 points. It was the seismic shocks that contributed to the eruption of the volcano and the formation of a colossal wave, which swept on its path everything. Tsunami height reached 25 meters, which in 1960 was a true record.
Tsunami in Thukuka: nuclear catastrophe
Japan again faced this, but the consequences were even more terrible than in 1993. A powerful wave, which reached 30 meters, hit fromunato - Japanese city. As a result of the elements of operation, more than 125 thousand buildings were derived, and a serious damage of Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant was caused. The nuclear catastrophe has become one of the most serious in recent years all over the world. Significant information about what was the true damage applied environment, still no. However, there is an opinion that radiation has spread to 320 km.
Tsunami in India - the threat of all mankind!
The natural disasters listed in the "biggest tsunami in the world" rating cannot be compared with the event that happened in December 2004. The wave struck in several states that have access to the Indian Ocean. This is a real world that demanded a correction of a situation of more than 14 billion dollars. According to reports that presented after the tsunami, more than 240 thousand people living in various countries were killed: India, Indonesia, Thailand, etc.
The cause of the formation of a 30-meter wave is an earthquake. His force was 9.3 points. Water stream reached the coast of some countries 15 minutes after the start of seismic activity, which did not give the chance to people to escape from death. Other states fell into the power of the elements after 7 hours, but, despite this deferment, the population was not evacuated due to the lack of a warning system. Saving some people, oddly enough, the children helped, who studied the signs of an impending catastrophe at school.
Tsunami in the fjordo-shaped bay of Alaska
In the history of meteorous, tsunami was recorded, the height of which exceeds all imaginable and inconceivable records. In particular, scientists were able to fix the wave with a height of 524 meters. Powerful water flow rushed at a speed of 160 km / h. There was not a single living place on the way: the trees were doried with roots, the rocks were covered with cracks and faults. Spita La Gauss was erased from the face of the earth. Fortunately, it costs small victims. Only the death of a crew of one of the Barcasov, which at this point was near the bay nearby.
Giant waves are called "tsunami". They are huge heights and widths arising in the ocean under the influence of water (most often due to earthquakes). The Word itself comes from the Japanese language, where it consists of two hieroglyphs - "wave" and "bay". It was Japan and other countries that have access to the Pacific Ocean became victims of killer waves. A wave in the world was witnessed in the Pacific region, which fell on the coast of American Alaska.
Top-1. Tsunami in Lituya Bay, 1958
Lituya Bay is located in the north-east part of Alaska Bay. From the exit to the ocean, the bay separates the spiring width of about 500 meters. Lituya Bay Length is about 11 kilometers, and the width is about 3 km. In the center of the bay is the island of Kenotaf.
A disaster provoked an earthquake last 9, 1958. It caused a stonepad on the Gilbert Glacier to the northeast of the Bay. About 30 million cubic meters of rock and ice fell into the eastern part of the bay from a height of about 900 meters. The tsunami caused by Konnepad fell on both shores of the bay and the island of Kenotaf. Kosa La Gauss, located near the epicenter of the wave, was saturated almost completely. The wave height was 524 meters. Tsunami escaped with the root most trees in the passage zone.
Five people became victims of a huge wave. Two of them were caught by Tsunami on a fishing vessel. People who came out in that fatal day in the bay on a two more vessels, miraculously survived and were chosen by the rescuers.
Top-2. Indian Ocean, 2004
Tsunami 2004 entered the story as the most deadly - more than 230 thousand people became victims of the wrath of nature. The beginning of a giant wave put an underwater earthquake that had magnitude 9 points. Waves of the tsunami, which fell into land, reached the height of thirty meters.
Radar satellites recorded underwater tsunami, whose height after the earthquake was about 60 centimeters. Unfortunately, these observations could not help prevent a catastrophe, because several hours left for data processing.
Sea waves reached the coast different countries in different time. The first blow immediately after the earthquake fell to the north of the island of Sumatra. Sri Lanka and India Tsunami got only after an hour and a half. Two hours later, the waves fell on the shores of Thailand.
The tsunami waves led to human victims in the countries of East Africa: Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania. After sixteen hours, the waves reached the town of Struisbaa on the coast of South Africa. A little later, tidal waves up to a meter were recorded in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Japanese Scientific Station in Antarctica.
Part of the Tsunami energy broke into the Pacific Ocean, where tidal waves were recorded on the coast of Canada, British Columbia, Mexico. In some places, their height reached 2 and a half meters, which exceeded the waves recorded off the coast of some countries located closer to the epicenter.
Most of all from the tsunami suffered:
- Indonesia. Three waves fell on the northern part of the island of Sumatra less than half an hour after the earthquake. According to the evidence of survivors, the waves were superior at home.
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), where more than 4 thousand people died.
- Sri Lanka. The waves reached 12 meters altitudes. The victim of the tsunami was passenger train "Queen of the Sea coast." His death became the largest railway catastrophe newest Story And more than 1,700 lives took.
- Thailand. Waves, the height of which was inferior only to the southerner who fell on Sumatra, destroyed the south-west coast of the country. There were many tourists from other countries on the site of the tragedy. More than three thousand people died and five thousand were missing.
Top-3. Japan, 2011
In March 2011, underwater earthquake was held in the ocean to the east of Honshu Island. It provoked a wave of the tsunami, the devastant coast of Honsu and other islands of the archipelago. The waves reached the opposite shore of the Pacific Ocean. In the coastal areas of South American countries, evacuation was declared, but the waves did not imagine a big threat.
Waves reached the islands of the Curil Ridge. Several thousand Russian citizens evacuated from the coastal regions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. About the village of Malokurilskoye was fixed waves up to three meters high.
The first waves of the tsunami fell into the Japanese archipelago for half an hour after completion. The highest height was witnessed near the city of Miyako (North Honshu) - 40 meters. The most severe blows of the coast took over an hour after the earthquake.
Tsunami caused damage to three Japanese prefectures on Honsu. Also, the cataclysm provoked an accident at nuclear power plants. The city of Rikudzentakata was actually washed into the ocean - almost all the buildings went under the water. The 2011 tragedy claimed the lives of more than 15 thousand inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago.
Probably the little of Alaska was the reason why the biggest wave in the world did not lead to massive human victims. Nowadays, the surveillance system of earthquakes and tsunami is improved, which allows to reduce the number of victims during the disaster. But the inhabitants of coastal regions are still in danger due to the unpredictable behavior of the ocean.
