N and NN IN PARTICIPLES
Passive past participles, like adjectives, can be used in full and short forms.
In full passive past participles, two letters N are always written, in short ones - one. This needs to be remembered.
In the example, That temple, built of logs, was once a village beauty(P.A. Vyazemsky) full communion built written with NN.
In a sentence Wooden temples in the mountains, whenever they were built, seem to be thousands of years old(R. Rakhmatullin) the short form of the participle is used built, so one N is written.
Two more examples:
Know: no forces will bend a people in love with beauty and work(O. Berggolts) ( enamored– full form, two H);
They are in love with water, with pianos, with mirrors… (M. Tsvetaeva) ( in love– short form, written one N).
Passive past participles with the suffixes -nn- and -enn-, written with two Ns, must be distinguished from the same-root verbal adjectives with suffixes, which can be written with either one or two Ns.
Two N are written in the following cases.
1. In adjectives formed from verbs ending in -ov or -evat (regardless of the type of the verb), for example:
pamper(NSV) – spoiled,
organize(NE) – organized,
paint(NE) – painted.
Note. In verbs forge And chew and, accordingly, in the adjectives forged and chewed, the combinations -ov- and -ev- are part of the root and do not affect the spelling of N and NN.
2. Two N are written in adjectives formed from perfective verbs (with and without prefixes):
absent-minded← dispel(SV),
pampered← pamper(SV),
bought← buy(SV),
abandoned← quit(SV).
Exception make up adjectives smart(child), named(Brother), planted(father) and noun dowry(bride).
3. The combination НН is written in some adjectives formed from unprefixed imperfective verbs, the spelling of which must be remembered:
unprecedented, unheard of, unexpected, inadvertent, unexpected, unexpected, desired, slow, sacred.
One N is written in adjectives formed from unprefixed imperfective verbs without dependent words, because in the presence of dependent words these are no longer adjectives, but participles, which in full form should be written only with two N.
Notes
When writing N and NN in verbal adjectives, remember the following:
a) The prefix NOT does not affect the spelling of N and NN, cf.:
b) In complex adjectives like little walked, newly minted the quantity of N is determined by the spelling of the verbal adjective, for example:
fresh ice cream en th from frozen← freeze (NSV) – one N,
fresh frozen enne th from frozen← freeze (SV) – two N.
c) It is necessary to distinguish between the writing of short passive past participles, in which one N is always written, and short verbal adjectives of the same root, in which as many N are written as in the full form.
Let's compare two examples: The area is limited by mountains And .
The first sentence contains a dependent word in the instrumental case: limited (by what?) by mountains - this is an indicator of the short participle. In addition, the passive past participle, by rearranging the sentence, can be replaced with a past tense verb: The mountains limited the area - which means that we have a participle in front of us, we should write one N.
In the second sentence Gogol's Box is stupid and limited substitution of a dependent word in the instrumental case is impossible, since the word is used in a figurative meaning: limited means ‘stupid’, ‘narrow-minded’. In addition, the sentence contains a homogeneous non-verbal adjective tupa (from dull), which means limited - this is a short form of the verbal adjective limited from the perfective verb limit, therefore, you need to write two N, as in the full form.
Other examples:
The clouds are scattered And By the end of the semester, students are distracted.
In the first sentence, the substitution of a dependent word in the instrumental case is possible: scattered (by what?) by the wind - this is a participle with one N. In the second sentence, the substitution of a dependent word in the instrumental case is impossible, but replacement with a similar adjective inattentive is permissible - which means we have an adjective, and since it is formed from a perfective verb and has NN in its full form, then two N are written in the short form.
First you need to understand in what form worth the adjective:
Then you need to find out from what part of speech word formed: from noun or from verb.
| Full form | |||
| I. Adjectives from nouns | II. Adjectives from verbs (participles) | ||
| -N- | -NN- | -N- | -NN- |
| -an, -yan, -in lion - leonine ! Glass |
1. -onn, -enn revolution - revolutionary ! Windy 2. N+N = sleepy+sleepy BUT! The words also include primitives: single, pheasant, crow, ram, carp, seal, peacock, crimson, zealous, dun. 3. MY = enn temporary (time) |
1. without prefix frozen catfish (from freezing) Not
frozen |
1. with attachment behind frozen catfish 2. dependent word ice cream mom som 3. suf. ova, eva, irova marinated ! forged, chewed, pecked ! desired, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected |
| Short form | |||
| 1. The meaning of the action (what was done?) - "N" raised by father, stirred by the storm |
2. The meaning of the sign (what are they?) - see the full form: as many “n” in the full form as in the short form. They brought up NN s and education NN s (well-mannered and educated). |
||
Tasks and tests on the topic “Spelling “n” and “nn” in adjectives and participles”
- Spelling participles - Communion 7th grade
Lessons: 3 Assignments: 12 Tests: 1
- Spelling of participles, participial phrase
Lessons: 4 Assignments: 11 Tests: 2
- Spelling adjectives - Adjective 6th grade
Lessons: 5 Assignments: 10 Tests: 1
- Adjective as part of speech - Morphology. Independent parts of speech grade 10
The Russian language is so diverse that most people get the impression that it is impossible to master the material, but this is not so.
It is necessary to remember a number of rules, one of which is “Spelling “n” and “nn” in participles.” It will help any schoolchild, student and person with experience in correctly formatting the text and performing exercises.
Spelling "N" and "NN" in participles
When to write one "N"
If there is no prefix at the beginning of a word, then a single letter is written. Options: more powerful n sunny streets, heat n y potatoes. The participle turns into an adjective.
If a word consists of two verbal units and is overloaded with symbols, a single version is also written. Option: smoother n y-re-smooth n th tie. Such a word also has the meaning of an adjective, its best quality.
It turns out that the semantic meaning of a word depends on its spelling, as well as its type.
Two "NN" in participles
In suffixes of passive participles, a double “n” is placed.
This happens when a prefix is placed in a word:
- re right NN th book;
- cut piece;
- behind paved roads;
- re fried potatoes;
- re it seems NN oh road;
- teacher never clone
Double "N" is written in participles without prefixes in perfective forms. Options: captivity NN oh, broche NN oh, decide NN y. And also in those participles that are formed from the aspect of the imperfect. Options: chita NN oh, I hear NN y.
“N” and “NN” in verbal adjectives
When to write "N"
Verb-based adjectives are not like participles - they do not use the usual prefix. Thus, words created on the basis of a verb and not containing a prefix are adjectives. Examples: chewing n y leaf, kova n oh nail, smarten up n oh boy, I guess n oh way, kvashe n oh cabbage.
Console NOT does not affect words, a single letter is written. Spelling options: uninvited n oh cat, that doesn't look right n y ravine.
One letter is written in compound adjectives that have two roots and two meanings. Examples: whole cut n th(tailored entirely), Zlatokova n th(forged from gold).
There are expressions with different meanings. For example, name n th friend. It is an adjective (verbal) and has the meaning not of being a native, but of being a brother in case of some circumstances.
But there is another option - name NN y in honor of someone. It turns out that the person was given a name in honor of his grandmother and grandfather. Such a word will be a participle, and will be written with two letters .
Cases of writing "NN"
"Being ra NN Otherwise, the officer remained in the division.” This sentence replaces the following phrase: “Soldier injured, but he did not leave his combat territory."
In this case, the opposite phenomenon occurs, degeneration into the sacrament occurs.
Double N is written in cases of using “OVANNYY” and “YOVANNYY” - those that are not included in the root. Options: granted title, uprooted path.
Exceptions
Exceptional Memory Options : form NN oh, what's up NN oh, I wish NN oh, jama NN oh, slow down NN oh, unseen NN oh, bad luck NN oh, I'm awake NN oh (eye), unexpected NN oh, unheard of NN oh, no way NN oh, okay NN oh, sacred NN oh, I think NN oh, wow NN oh, check NN y.
Spelling “N” and “NN” in adjectives formed from nouns
One letter is placed in the suffix part of the word " AN", « YAN" And " IN". Options: rye, tar, pigeon.
In combinations " ENN" And " HE N" double letters are used. Options: stone, window. In this case, a single letter “N” is for the root, and another for the suffix.
But there are exceptional options: glass Jann oh, tin Jann y, tree Jann oh, wind en y. They should be remembered.
How to choose whether to write “n” or “nn” in adjectives and participles
We looked at different uses and spellings of “N” inside participles and adjectives. Based on the analyzed material, the following conclusion can be drawn.
All participles are written with double “H”. All adjective words originally created from a verb use one “N”, except for exception words that need to be remembered.
Adjectives that begin with nouns are written with two letters “H” if one letter is placed in the root part and the other in the suffix. With one letter " N", if it is located directly in the suffix part.
Don't forget about special words that need to be remembered. And finally, a few examples of applying the rule.
| Participle
Always double NN |
Verbal adjective | Adjective |
| There is a prefix: re right NN th book |
Prefix not used: more powerful n ed roads |
Suffixes “AN”, “YAN”, “IN”: rye, clay, nightingale |
| There is a prefix “NOT” and another prefix: restless NN 1st officer |
Prefix “NOT” - put a single letter: uninvited n th guest |
In combinations of letters " ENN" And " HE N":
stone, window |
| There is no prefix before the word, but it is perfect or imperfect: captivity NN oh, broche NN oh, decide NN oh, read NN oh, I hear NN th |
The word includes two roots: whole cut n th |
|
| The word takes the place of the verb: Being a wound NN Well, the officer remained in the division. |
In cases of using “OVANNY” and “YOVANNY”: grant title, uprooted path |
|
| The word includes two words with similar meanings: smoother n y-re-smooth n th tie |
||
| Exceptional options: seen, made, desired, cutesy, slow, unseen, unforeseen, unsleeping (eye), unexpected, unheard, accidental, cursed, sacred, counted, arrogant, minted. |
Exceptions with two and one “H”: glass Jann oh, tin Jann y, tree Jann oh, wind en th |
Spelling N and NN in nouns
In derived nouns n
or NN
written depending on the morphemes with which nouns are formed, or in accordance with the stem from which they are derived. 1. NN is written:
1) if the root of the word ends in n and the suffix begins with n: elder-nick (elderberry), druzhin-nick (druzhina), malin-nick (raspberry), swindler-nick (moshna), aspen-nick (aspen), rowan-nick (rowan); besdorn-nits-a (dowry), besson-nits-a (sleep), zvon-nits-a (ringing), log-nits-a (log);
2) if the noun is formed from an adjective with nn, or from a participle: soreness (painful), agitation (excited), hryvnia (kryvnia), power of attorney (confided), cutesy (prissy), spoiled (spoiled), izbn-ik (chosen), exiled (expelled), konn-itsa (horse), koren-ik (indigenous), larch-itsa (deciduous), accident (accidental), education (educated), obshchestven-ik (public), organization ( organized), plenn-ik (captive), possan-ik (sent), privileged-ist (privileged), proizvodstven-ik (productive), millet-ik (millet), crafts-ik (craft), sotsanny-ik (related ), sacred-ik (sacred), seminal-ik (seminal), sov-ik (own), sovrem-ik (modern), coherence (coordinated), nebula (foggy).
2. N written in words: bagryan-itsa (crimson), varen-ik (boiled), windy-ost, windy-ik, windy-itsa (windy), gostin-itsa (living room), drovyan-ik (wood-burning), konoplyan-ik (hemp) , kopchen-ost (smoked), kostyan-ika (bone), maslen-itsa (oily), wiser-ost (sophisticated), ovsyan-itsa (oatmeal), peat-ik (peaty), smyshlen-ost (smart) and etc., as well as in the words alder-nik, omshan-ik.
Spelling Н and НН in suffixes of denominal adjectives (formed from the name of a noun)
1. Nn is written:1) for adjectives formed from nouns using suffixes -enn-, -onn-: artificial, cranberry, straw, operating, session, station and etc.; This also includes adjectives formed from nouns ending in mya (time, flame, etc.): temporary, fiery, seed, nominal, tribal etc.
In an adjective windy one is written n , since it is formed not from the noun wind, but from the verb wind using a suffix -n- , which does not contradict the spelling rule n in verbal adjectives: weathered, weathered, windswept- formed from verbs;
2) for adjectives formed from adjectives using a suffix -enn-, indicating a large measure of a sign: tall, hefty, wide and etc;
3) for adjectives formed from nouns with base on n(second -n- adjective suffix): long (length), true (true), millionth (million), ancient (antique), canvas (canvas) and etc.
Adjectives like mutton, carp, seal are written with one n , since they are formed from nouns with a stem in n by adding a suffix -j- .
Words spicy, rosy, youthful written with one n (non-derivative adjectives); in words derived from them, one n is also written: spice, ruddy, blush, youth(But: youth, since this word is formed from the combination young naturalist).
2. N is written on adjectives formed from nouns using suffixes -in-, -an-, -yang- : pigeon(pigeon), goose(goose), chicken, eagle, swan, leather(leather), sandy(sand), cereous(wax), linen(canvas), silver, wood-burning and etc.
Exceptions: glass, tin, wood.
It is necessary to distinguish between adjectives, the spelling of which depends on their meaning:
A) windy- “accompanied by the wind, with the wind” (windy weather), “frivolous” - transl. (fickle girl, youth); wind- “powered by the force of the wind” (wind engine, pump, mill); in combination chickenpox the adjective is written with a suffix -yan- , cf.: chickenpox- decomposition;
b) buttery- “soaked in oil, lubricated, stained with oil” ( butter pancakes, porridge, hands), trans. ( oily eyes, oily voice, also: Shrovetide week - Maslenitsa); oil- “for oil, from oil, in oil” ( butter cookies, Oil paint, oil engine, pump and so on.); compare: oil bottle(“intended for oil”) and buttery bottle(“stained with oil”);
V) silver- “subjected to silvering, covered with silver” (silver spoon); silver- “made of silver” (silver spoon);
G) salty- “containing salt” (salted fish); salt- “consisting of salt” ( salt mine, salt pillar). In combination salt acid is written as a suffix on the adjective -yan- .
Spelling N and NN in verbal adjectives and participles
Full forms
Written with NN suffixes of full forms of passive past participles: -nn- And -yonn- (-enn- ). Adjectives correlative to them in form are written in some cases also with NN in a suffix, in others - with one n .
1. Written with NN participles and adjectives -ovanny, -evanny, -evanny(formed from verbs in -ow, -eat), For example: pampered, uprooted, lined, painted, organized; uprooted, spoiled, painted over, lined, reorganized.
2. Also written with NN communion not on -ovated(-evanny, – evanny) verbs perfect form and correlative adjectives; the vast majority of such verbs contain a prefix.
a) Examples of forms formed from prefixed verbs: bleached, washed, knitted, fried, written on, dyed, peeled, scolded, dyed, counted, unraveled, made.
b) A list of forms of native verbs without prefixes, as well as some verbs in which the prefix can only be distinguished etymologically: abandoned, given, finished, bought, deprived, captured, forgiven, abandoned, decided, captured, revealed; met, started, offended, acquired, obliged, visited, supplied.
Forms are also written according to this rule. two-species(having the meaning of both perfective and imperfective forms) verbs to marry, bequeath, promise, execute, give birth: married, bequeathed, promised, executed, born.
Exceptions. Are written with one n adjectives correlative with participial forms in the following stable combinations: dead man, named brother, named sister, imprisoned father, imprisoned mother, Forgiveness Sunday .
3. Participles are not on -ovated(-evanny, -evanny) verbs imperfect form(they are formed only from prefixless verbs) and the adjectives correlative with them are written differently: participles with NN , adjectives – with one n , For example: carts loaded with firewood, fish fried in oil, an oil painting, hair cut by a barber And short-cropped hair, green-painted benches, a floor that has not been swept for a long time, walls that have not yet been whitewashed, money that has been counted more than once, an offer made many times; But: loaded barge, fried fish, painted beauty, cut hair, painted benches, swept floor, whitewashed walls, a few minutes, feigned indifference; similarly knitted And knitted, ironed And ironed, woven And braided, brushed And cleaned; also written: chewed And chewed, pecked And pecking, forged And forged.
According to this rule, forms of two-type verbs are written concuss, baptize And injure. Wed: a shell-shocked soldier, a seriously wounded soldier, a soldier wounded in the leg, a newly baptized baby, But: shell-shocked commander, wounded soldier, baptized child.
As can be seen from the examples, the participle is recognized by the presence of dependent words. There are, however, rare cases when the dependent word is not a sign of the participle. For example, you should write: his mustache is clearly dyed(obviously artificial, where is the word obviously used with an adjective); the walls, previously whitewashed, are now covered with green paint(walls that used to be white).
In words with the prefix not-, in difficult words and in some combinations? repetitions, the forms of participles and adjectives are written in the same way as in a separate (without a prefix and not as part of a compound word or repetition combination) use .
Examples:
1. Words with a prefix Not- :
Written with NN : uneducated, unlined, untested, unfinished, unbought, unforgiven ;
Written with n : unbleached, unironed, uninvited, unforged, unfed, unpainted, unmeasured, unpaved, unplowed, uninvited, uncounted.
2. Difficult words:
Written with NN : highly qualified, fully stamped, acquired, freshly painted, purposeful, born blind, insane;
Written with n : plain dyed, homespun, finely crushed, impostor, seriously wounded, whole-cut .
3. Repeat combinations with a prefix re- in the second part, having an intensifying meaning. In them, the second part is written in the same way as the first (with NN or n ), For example:
Written with NN : mortgaged-remortgaged, resolved-resolved ;
Written with n : patched-re-patched, washed-re-washed, mended-re-fixed, read-re-read, darned-re-darned.
Exceptions. Written with NN instead of n :
a) adjectives desired, awaited and (as part of stable combinations) has it been seen before?; Is it unheard of? They are formed from imperfect verbs wish, wait And see, hear .
Special cases: adjectives put on flooded sea; they are formed from imperfect prefix verbs put on, pour out, i.e. from verbs with a suffix - va- , which do not naturally form passive past participles;
b) adjectives with a prefix not-: unknown, unseen, unforeseen, unwanted, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected, unheard of, unexpected and (as part of a stable combination) watchful eye;
c) compound adjectives long-awaited, home-grown and (as part of a proper name) Andrew the First-Called.
The second parts of these prefixed and compound adjectives also correspond to imperfective verbs.
Short formsShort forms of passive past participles are written with one n , For example: read, read, read, read; read, read, read, read; tagged, tagged, tagged, tagged; marked, marked, marked, marked. Neuter forms are also written in impersonal use, for example: smoked, polluted, driven, walked, driven-crossed, walked-crossed .
Short forms (except for the masculine form) adjectives with a qualitative meaning, coinciding in form with the passive participles of the past tense of perfective verbs, written with nn , For example: brought up, brought up, brought up(from adjective well-mannered‘discovering the results of good education’); spoiled, spoiled, spoiled(from adjective spoiled‘accustomed to fulfilling one’s whims’); sublime, sublime, sublime(from adjective exalted‘full of high content’). Such adjectives have the forms comparative degree: more educated, more spoiled, more elevated.
Compare the following examples in pairs with short forms of participles and adjectives: She was raised by a distant relative . – She has good manners, she is well-mannered. She's spoiled good conditions – She is capricious and spoiled.
Brief adjective forms na-ny are written with one n , if these adjectives require dependent words and do not have a comparative form. Examples: attached to someone‘attached’ – She is very attached to him; full of something‘full, imbued’ – The soul is filled with sadness; heard about something‘well-informed’ – We've heard a lot about his tricks.
Some adjectives have different short forms with different meanings. For example, different spellings of short forms of the word devotee: She is kind and loyal And She's dedicated. In the first example devoted- same adjective as educated, spoiled, sublime, it has a comparative degree more faithful; in the second - the same as attached, fulfilled, heard(requires dependent words: to anyone, anything).
Short forms of adjectives, expressing different emotional states, can be written with n or with NN depending on the conveyed shades of meaning. For example: She's excited(she feels nervous) – Her speech is excited(her speech reveals, expresses excitement). In the first case, it is also possible to write excited(which would emphasize that her appearance expresses excitement), and in the second case the writing excited impossible (since speech cannot ‘experience excitement’).
In difficult cases of distinguishing such short forms, one should refer to the academic “Russian Spelling Dictionary”.
Short forms of complex adjectives, the second parts of which coincide with the participles on -ny, written with n or NN depending on the value. Adjectives expressing characteristics that can be manifested to a greater or lesser extent, i.e. forming comparative forms, have short forms (except for the masculine form) with NN ; adjectives that do not allow comparative forms in meaning have short forms with one n , For example:
well-mannered, -no, -nny; landscaped, -no, -nny; self-confident, -no, -nny; purposeful, -no, -nny; purposeful, -no, -nny(there are comparative forms more well-mannered, more comfortable, more self-confident, more purposeful, more purposeful);
interconnected, -but, -us; interdependent, -but, -us; generally recognized, -but, -us; contraindicated, -but, -we(no forms of comparative degree).
Short forms of adjectives with a qualitative meaning, the full forms of which are conveyed in writing with one n , are written in the same way as complete ones. For example: done, done, done(from made‘unnatural, forced’); prostitute, confused, prostitutes(from confused‘illogical, confusing’); scientist, scientist, scientists(from scientist‘knowing something thoroughly’). Comparative forms are also written ( more elaborate, more confused, more learned) and adverbs -O(done, confused, learned).
Such adjectives are few in number; the vast majority of adjectives correlative with participles -ny have no qualitative significance; these are boiled, boiled, soaked, dried, chiseled and so on.
SPELLING N-NN IN ADVERB SUFFIXES
Adverbs on -O , formed from adjectives and passive participles, are written with double n or one n - depending on how the corresponding adjective or participle is written.
For example:
Written with NN : unexpected, unheard of(from unexpected, unheard of), excitedly, excitement(excited), confident;
Written with n : confusing(talks confusedly), confusion, confusion(from confused), learned(very learnedly expressed),windy(It's windy outside today).
From the lesson “Н and НН in the suffixes of passive participles and verbal adjectives” you will learn new rules of the Russian language. To spell a word correctly, you will need to answer a series of questions. The answer to each of them will help you quickly decide how to correctly write suffixes of passive participles and verbal adjectives.
To remember this rule, consider the following poem:
I write in personal names NN
I'm on junction of two morphemes
Or in suffixes - he N-/-enn-,
And also in the words of the windows,
To each of us familiar:
Wood, tin and, of course, glass.
IN -in-, -an-, -yang-
Only one thing N I'll write -
And no problem.
1. See if the word has a suffix -ova- or - Eve-.
If such a suffix There is write NN
ballNN th
riskNN th
Note. In words chewed, forged-eva- and -ova- are part of the root.
If such a suffix No see next point
2. See if the word contains console (except consoles Not- And semi-).
If the prefix There is write NN
chewing NN th
kova NN th
The console itself Not- does not affect the writing of one or two letters N in suffixes, but the word may also have another prefix. For example, in the word not about chewed there are two prefixes ( Not- And pro-), so in this case two letters are written in the suffix N .
If consoles No see next point
3. See if the word has dependent words, that is, those words to which you can ask questions, for example:
If dependent words There is write NN
If dependent words No check whether the word is included in the lists of exception words, in which one or two are always written N
Always write two letters N in words:
One letter is always written N in words:
pisa n oh beauty
finally n th person
easier n oh sunday
If points 1-3 of the algorithm gave a negative answer, and your word was not in the list of exception words, you need to proceed to a deeper check.
4. Look at what verb the word is formed from.
imperfect form write one letter n
scrap n 1st line(from the imperfective verb break)
ironed trousers (iron)
If it is formed from a verb perfect form write NN
purchased toys(from the perfective verb buy)
Word wounded (wounded) can be written with one or two letters N . If it is an adjective, it is written with one n , and if it is a participle, then it is written with two. Therefore, it is necessary to look at the meaning of the word.
Adjective wounded stands for permanent sign of quality, and participle wounded stands for temporary sign. For example:
The wounded soldiers talked and joked.
In this case wounded- this is an adjective that denotes a constant attribute, the quality of a noun soldiers.
Being wounded, the soldier remained in service for another half hour.
In this case wounded- this participle denotes a temporal sign.
Note:
In combinations like ironed-re-ironed, worn-worn one letter is written n, since these words are considered adjectives.
In compound words formed from verbal adjectives and participles, the same number of letters are written n , how many in the original words:
fresh ice cream n th And fresh frozen NN th
In nouns and adverbs formed from participles and verbal adjectives, the same number of letters is also written n, how many in the original words:
brought up NN IR
chosen NN IR
slower NN O
ice cream n oh
smoked n awns
Short participles always use one letter N. Short adjectives formed from verbs have two letters N. For example:
Children raised n s father.
In this case brought up- This short participle.
Children raised NN s and education NN s.
In this case brought up And educated- verbal adjectives in short form.
How can we distinguish whether this is a short participle or a short adjective? It is necessary to remember the morphological features of these two parts of speech. The participle expresses a sign as the result of an action. The short form of the participle can be replaced by a verb combination. For example:
The children were raised by their father. - The children were raised by their father.
A short adjective can only be replaced with a full one. It denotes the quality of the item:
Children are well-mannered and educated. (And also smart, beautiful, talented)
Here are short adjectives.
asphaltNN oh road- in a word asphalted there is a suffix -ova-, therefore it is written NN;
glass NN veranda- in a word glazed there is a prefix behind-, therefore it is written NN;
more beautiful n 1st bench- word painted derived from the verb paint, this is an imperfective verb, so we write one letter n;
more beautiful NN my mistress- in a word without makeup there is a prefix Not-, but after this prefix there is still a prefix on the-, so we write two letters n;
bench painted yesterday- at the word painted there is a dependent word ( yesterday), so we write NN.
Bibliography
- Ra-z-umovskaya M.M., Lvo-va S.I. and others. “Russian language. 7th grade". Textbook. - 13th ed. - M.: Bustard, 2009.
- Ba-ra-no-va M.T., La-dy-zhen-skaya T.A. and others. “Russian language. 7th grade". Textbook. - 34th ed. - M.: Pro-sve-shche-nie, 2012.
- "Russian language. Practice. 7th grade". / Ed. Pime-no-voy S.N. - 19th ed. - M.: Bustard, 2012.
- Lvo-va S.I., Lvov V.V. "Russian language. 7th grade. At 3 o'clock." 8th ed. - M.: I-mo-zi-na, 2012.
- School-assistant.ru ().
- Google.com.ua ().
- Gramma.ru ().
- Youtube.com().
Homework
1. Paste n or NN:
Cut vegetables, impromptu performance, uninvited guest, dyed hair, missed chance, squashed grapes
2. Paste n or NN:
Herbs sown in steam field, rose well. The harvesting of the sowed grass has begun. The table for invited guests was covered with a crocheted tablecloth. There were few guests invited for the evening; only close friends showed up. The city was landscaped with asphalt and paving stone roads. It was difficult to travel along the weak road.
3. Paste n or NN:
The dress is made of plain dyed fabric. Fresh frozen meat delivered. Among the museum treasures was a precious gold casket.
4. Paste n or NN:
All the attention of the audience is focused on the development of the action of the play. The student's face is serious and concentrated. The aspirations of our youth are lofty. Many ordinary people were elevated by Peter 1. The area is limited by mountains. Gogol's Box was very limited. The sea is excited strong wind. The young man's face is excited.
