At a pediatrician's appointment, every baby under one year of age is weighed monthly and their height is measured. Why is it so important for doctors to know how a child grows and how much weight he gains? What do these parameters indicate, and what are the anthropometric norms for children of different ages?
Where did weight and height indicators for children come from and why are they needed?
Anthropometric data of a child is one of the main indicators physical development and children's health status. Significant deviations from normal height and weight values in a child almost always indicate the development or presence of certain diseases. So, if a child under one year old, with sufficient nutrition, does not gain weight well, then this may be one of the symptoms of rickets, anemia, immunodeficiency conditions, diseases of the endocrine or central nervous systems.
Significant growth retardation may indicate a lack of somatotropin growth hormone in the body, and obvious excess weight with normal growth and proper nutrition may indicate disturbances in the functioning of the adrenal glands, thyroid gland, and even the development of a brain tumor.
In order to detect and begin to treat such dangerous diseases in time, doctors carefully monitor the anthropometric indicators of children from birth. The development standards were compiled by the World Health Organization based on many years of research. In addition to the average normative indicator for each age, the limits of the norms were also calculated. Weight and height above this limit are considered high, and below - low. It is these children that doctors begin to monitor especially closely.
WHO height and weight chart for girls under 1 year of age
According to the norms, a healthy full-term girl is born with a height of 49.2 cm and weighs 3,200 g. This is the average. The lower limit of the norm for a newborn is a height of 47.3 cm and a weight of 2,800 g, and the upper limit is located at values of 51 cm and 3,700 g, respectively. Values outside the lower and upper limits of the norm are marked as very low or too high. Doctors will observe such a newborn and, possibly, further examine her.
In the first month, the newborn should grow 4.5 cm and gain a kilogram. The lower limits of the norm for a one-month-old girl will be 51.7 (height in cm) // 3.600 (weight in grams), and the upper limits will be 55.6 // 4.800.
Normal indicators for a two-month-old baby: 57.1 cm and 5.100 g. The lower limit of the norm: 55//4.500, and the upper limit – 59.1//5.800.
By three months, girls grow to 59.8 cm and weigh 5,900 grams. Indicators less than 57.7 // 5.200 are considered low for a three-month baby, and indicators more than 61.9 // 6.600 are considered high.
Average height and weight for a four-month-old girl: 62.1 cm and 6,400 g. The lower limits of the norm are 59.9 // 5.700, the upper limits are 64.3 // 7.300.
By five months, girls should grow to 64 cm and weigh 6,900 g. Low indicators – parameters less than 61.8//6.100. Indicators 66.3 //7.800 are the upper limits of the norm for a five-month-old girl.
The age of 6 months is considered an important milestone for a child's development. A six-month-old girl should grow to 65.7 cm and weigh 7.300 g. The lower limit is 63.5//6.500, and the upper limit is 68//8.300.
The seven-month-old baby grows to 67.3 cm and weighs 7,600 grams. Indicators below 65 // 6.800 are considered low, and indicators exceeding 69.6 // 8.600 are considered high.
At eight months, the norms are: height - 68.83 cm, and weight - 8 kg. The lower limits of the norm: 66.4//7000, and the upper limits – 71.1//9000.
By nine months, the height should be 70.1 cm, and the baby should weigh 8,200 grams. Low indicators at this age are values less than 67.7 // 7.300, and high indicators are more than 72.6 // 9.300.
According to the norms, a ten-month-old baby should be 71.5 cm tall and weigh 8,500 grams. The lower limits of the norm for ten months are 69//7.500, and the upper limits: 74//9.600.
By eleven months, a girl normally grows to 72.8 cm and weighs 8,700 grams. Indicators less than 70.3//7.700 are considered low. Indicators exceeding 75.3//9.900 will be high.
By the age of one year, girls should grow to 74 cm and weigh 9,000 grams. The lower limit of the norm is considered to be 71.4 //7.900, and the upper limit: 76.6 //10.100.
WHO height and weight chartfor boys up to 1 year
The norms for boys are different from the norms for girls, since boys are usually born slightly larger. Thus, a healthy full-term newborn boy is usually born with a weight of 3,300 grams and a height of 49.9 cm. These indicators are considered the norm. The lower limit of the norm for a newborn is a height of 48 cm and a weight of 2,900 g, and the upper limit is 51.75 cm and 3,900 g, respectively.
In the first month, the baby should grow 4.8 cm and gain 1200 grams. The lower limits of the norm for a one-month-old boy will be 52.8 (height in cm) // 3,900 (weight in grams), and the upper limits will be 56.7 // 5,100.
Normal indicators for a two-month-old toddler: 58.4 cm and 5.600 g. The lower limit of the norm: 56.4//4.900, and the upper limit – 60.4//6.300.
By three months, boys grow to 61.4 cm and weigh 6,400 grams. Low indicators will be parameters below 59.4 // 5.700, and high indicators will be indicators above 63.5 // 7.200.
Average height and weight for a four-month-old baby: 63.9 cm and 7000 g. The lower limits of the norm are 61.8 // 6.300, the upper limits are 66 // 7.800.
By the age of five months, the boy should grow to 65.9 cm and weigh 6,900 grams. Low indicators – parameters less than 63.8 // 6.100. Indicators 68 //7.800 – this is for five month old baby upper limits of normal.
By six months the baby should grow to 67.6 cm and weigh 7,900 grams. The lower limit is 65.5//7.100, and the upper limit is 69.8//8.900.
The seven-month-old boy grows to 69.2 cm and weighs 8,300 grams. Indicators less than 67 // 7.400 will be considered low, and indicators exceeding 71.3 // 9.300 will be considered high.
At eight months, the average for a boy is: height - 70.65 cm, and weight - 8,600 g. The lower limits of the norm: 68.45//7.700, and the upper limits –72.85//9.600.
By nine months, the baby should be 72 cm tall and weigh 8,900 grams. Low indicators will be less than 69.65 // 8.000, and high indicators will be more than 74.3 // 9.900.
A ten-month-old boy should normally be 73.3 cm tall and weigh 9,200 grams. The lower limits of the norm at this age are 71//8.200, and the upper limits: 76//10.200.
By eleven months, the baby normally grows to 74.5 cm and weighs 9,400 grams. Indicators less than 72.2//8.400 are considered low. Indicators exceeding 76.8//10.500 will be high.
According to standards, boys should grow to 75.8 cm per year and weigh 9,700 grams. The lower limit of the norm is considered to be 73.5 //8.700, and the upper limit: 78 //10.800.
Height and weight chart for girls from 1 to 10 years old
The growth of children begins to slow down as soon as the kids turn one, so for children from one to three years old, the norms are no longer determined monthly, but every three months. For children from 3 to 7 years old - once every six months, and for children aged from seven to ten years - the norms change once a year.
By one year and three months, a girl should normally grow to 77.5 cm and weigh 9,600 grams. The lower limits of the norm: 74.83 (height in centimeters) and 8,500 (weight in grams), the upper limits: 80.3 // 10,900.
The next reference point is defined for the age of one year and six months. Norm: 80.65//10.200. Lower limit: 77.7//9.100. Upper: 83.5//11.600.
At one year and nine months, the norms for girls are 83.65//10.900. Lower limit of normal: 80.6//9.600. Upper limit: 86.7//12.300.
By the age of two, girls normally grow to 86.4 cm and weigh 11,500 grams. The lower limit of the norm: 83.2//10.200. Upper limit: 89.6//13.000.
Average height and weight for babies aged 2 years 3 months: 88.3/12.100. Lower limit: 84.8//10.700. Upper limit: 91.7//13.700.
Girls at 2.5 years old should grow to 90.7 cm and weigh 12,700 grams. The lower limit of the norm: 86.9//11.200. Upper frames: 94.3 // weight 14.400.
At 2.9 years, the average values are: 92.9 // 13.300. Lower limits: 89.3//11.700, upper limits: 96.6//weight 15.100.
Three-year-olds should be 95 cm tall and weigh 13,900 grams. Data below 91.3//12.200 are assessed as low, and figures above 98.8//15.800 are assessed as high.
At 3.5 years old, the standards for a girl are: 99//15,000. The lower line is 95//13.100, and the upper line is 103.1//17.200.
Average height and weight for a four-year-old girl: 102.6//16.100. The lower limits of the norm: 98.4//14.000, and the upper limits of height and weight: 107.1//18.500.
At 4.5 years old, the standards for a girl are: 106.2//17.200. Lower limits: 101.6//14.900, and upper limits: 110.7//19.900.
Average height and weight for a five-year-old girl: 109.4//18.200. The lower limits of the norm: 104.7 // 15.800, and the upper ones: 114.2 // 21.200.
At 5.5 years old, girls should grow to 112.2 cm and weigh 19,000 grams. Parameters less than 107.2 // 16.600 are considered low, and indicators more than 117.1 // 22.200 are considered high.
Standards for six-year-olds: 115.1//20.200. Lower limits: 110//17.500. Upper – 120.2//23.500.
By the age of 6.5 years, girls grow to 118 cm and weigh 21,200 grams. The lower limits at 6.5 years are 112.7 // 18.300, and the upper limits are 123.3 // weight 24.900.
Average height and weight for seven-year-old girls: 120.8 and 23,000. Lower limits: 115.3//21.300, upper limits: 126.3//26.300.
In children over seven years of age, anthropometric indicators are monitored once a year. The standards for eight-year-old girls are 126.6//25,000. The lower limit for eight-year-olds will be 120.8 and 21.400. The upper limit is 132.4//30,000.
Norms for nine-year-olds: 132.45//28.200. Lower limits: 132.5 and 27.900, upper limits – 138.6 // weight 34.000.
A ten-year-old girl should have an average height of 138.55 cm and a weight of 31,900 g. Data below 132.2//27.100 are assessed as low, and figures above 145//38.200 are assessed as high.
Height and weight chart for boys from 1 to 10 years old
Boys at 1.3 years old should reach the parameters 80//10.400. Lower normal value: 76.55 (height in centimeters) and 9.200 (weight in grams), upper limits: 82//11.500.
The next control point is one year and six months. The standard for one and six years is 82.3//10.900. From the border: 79.6//9.800. Up to: 85//12.200.
At 1.9 years old, the standards for boys are 85.2 // 11.500. From the border: 82.4//10.300. Until: 88//12.900.
By the age of two, toddlers normally reach 88//12,200. From the line: 84.4//10.800. Up to 90.5//13.600.
Standard for a 2.3 year old child: 89.6//12.700. From: 86.5//11.300, to: 92.8//14.300.
By the age of 2.5 years, the toddler should grow to 91.9 cm and weigh 13,300 grams. Lower limits for this age: 88.5//11.800. Upper frames: 95.4//15.000.
At the age of 2.9 years, the standards are 94.1/13.800. Lower limits 91//12.300, upper limits 97.6//15.600.
Boys' height at 3 years should be 96.1 cm, weight - 14,300 g. Scores less than 92.4//12.700 will be assessed as low, and scores exceeding 100//16.200 will be assessed as high.
At 3.5 years old, the norm for boys is: 99.9//15.300. From the border: 95.9//13.600, to: 103.8//17.400.
Average height and weight for a four-year-old boy: 103.3//16.300. From the border: 99.1//14.400, to: 107.5//18.600.
At 4.5 years old, the boy’s height reaches 107 cm, and his normal weight should be 17,300 g. The lower level of the norm: 102.25//15.200, and the upper one: 111.1//19.900.
Standards for boys aged 5: 110//18.300. From the bar at: 105.3//16.000 cm, to: 114.6 and 21.000.
By the age of 5.5 years, the standards for boys are 113//19.400. For 5.5 years, indicators less than 108.2//17,000 are considered low, and more than 117.7//22,200 are considered high.
Average height and weight for six year olds: 116/20,500. Bottom bar: 111//18.000. Upper: 120.9//23.500.
By 6.5 years, boys reach parameters 119//21.700. The lower limits for this age are 113.8//19.000, and the upper limits are 124//24.900.
Standards for seven-year-old boys: 121.8//22.900. From the bar at: 116.4//20.000 cm, to: 127//26.400 cm.
By the age of eight, children grow to 127.3 cm and weigh 25,400 grams. The lower standard for eight-year-olds will be 121.5//22.100. Upper – 132.8//29.500.
Average height and weight for nine year olds: 132.6/28.100. Lower limits: 126.6//2.300, upper limits – 138.6//33.000.
At the age of 10, boys should normally reach parameters of 137.8//31.200. Figures below 131.4 and 26.700 are assessed as low, and figures above 144.2//37.000 are considered high.
Height and weight chart for teenage girls
In adolescents, anthropometric data are monitored once a year. For an eleven-year-old girl, the average is 144.5 (height in centimeters)//34.4 (weight in kilograms). Parameters less than 136.2 // 27.8 are considered the lower normative limits, and parameters more than 153.2 // 44.6 are considered the upper ones.
Average height and weight for a twelve-year-old: 150//40.7. The lower limit of the norm: 142.2//31.8, the upper limit: 162.2//51.8.
A thirteen-year-old girl normally has indicators: 155.8//44.3. Lower data bar: 148.3//38.7, upper: 163.7//59.
At 14 years old, the average data for a girl is: 159.5//53.1. Lower limits of the norm: 152.6//43.8, upper: 167.2//64.
By the age of fifteen, the average height of girls reaches 161.6 cm, and the average weight is 55.5 kg. Lower limit of data: 154.4 // 46.8, upper limit: 169.2 // 66.5.
Average height and weight for sixteen-year-old girls: 162.4//56.5. Lower limit: 155.2//48.4, upper – 170.2//67.6.
For girls aged 17, the standard is 163.9//61. Lower limit: 155.8//52.8, upper: 170.5//68.
Height and weight chart for teenage boys
Boys aged 10 to 14 years are slightly behind girls in height; this is a normal phenomenon, since hormonal changes in boys begin a little later than in girls. But after fourteen years, boys begin to grow more rapidly than girls, and by the age of 15 they are ahead of them in terms of growth.
In adolescence, anthropometric indicators significantly depend on genetic predisposition, therefore, when monitoring the physical development of adolescents, it is recommended to focus not so much on the average indicator, but on the norm limits indicated for each age and on the child’s heredity. So, if the father of a young man is 190 cm tall, then the height of 182 cm for the teenager himself at 15 years old can be considered the norm in this case.
For an 11-year-old boy, the average figures are: 143.5 (height in centimeters)//35.5 (weight in kilograms). Parameters less than 134.5//28 are the lower limits of the norm, and parameters exceeding 153//44.9 are the upper limits.
Average height and weight for a twelve-year-old: 149//39.8. From the border: 140//30.7, to: 159.6//50.6.
A thirteen-year-old teenager normally has indicators: 155.5//44.3. From the border: 145.7//33.9, to: 166//59.
At 14 years old, the average is 161.9//49.7. From the border: 152.3//38, to: 172//63.4.
By the age of fifteen, the average height of children is 168 cm, and weight is 55.5 kg. From the border: 158.6//43, to: 177.6//70.
Average height and weight for sixteen-year-old boys: 172.3//66.9. From the border: 163.2//48.4, to 182//76.5.
At seventeen years old, the average height and weight are 176.6//66.9. From the border: 166.7//54.6, to: 186//80.1.
Video “Height and weight of the child, Dr. Komarovsky”
Weight and height gain in newborns is the most accessible indicator of child development. The pediatrician measures them every month to a year and records the results in the child's medical record. If the indicators differ significantly from the norms established by doctors, the baby is prescribed additional examinations to identify the causes of the deviations.
After birth, the baby the process is underway development and establishment of the digestive system, metabolism is leveled, heat exchange is normalized. The baby begins to gradually gain weight, he grows and develops.
Baby's weight in the first month
Optimal weight gain in the first month depends on the baby’s type of nutrition (breastfeeding, artificial, mixed), his birth weight, the number of feedings, the baby’s health and the presence of a healthy appetite. How does a baby’s weight change from birth to one month:
- the first three days after birth, the child loses from 5 to 8% of body weight;
- in the first week the baby gains about 100 grams of weight;
- in the second week the child grows, develops, gains up to 250 grams;
- by the end of the first month, the child’s total weight gain will be from 600 to 800 grams.
Weight at discharge
The baby's weight at discharge is less than at birth. This is a normal phenomenon and occurs for a number of reasons:
- the baby changes his environment, this is stressful for him, so there is a slight weight loss;
- the child switches to new type nutrition, it takes some time for his body to rebuild;
- the baby loses a small amount of fluid through the skin (it is thin and tender), his intestines are freed from original feces - meconium.
Weight gain in a newborn is usually calculated from the minimum indicator, i.e. not from birth weight, but from discharge weight. This figure is indicated on the child's card. However, according to reviews from mothers, many local pediatricians, when examining a child in the first month, still calculate the increase in weight at birth.
Norm of weight gain in newborns by month
After about a week, the newborn regains the lost grams and his weight becomes the same as at birth. Maximum weight gain occurs in the first three months. At this age, the baby still moves little, but eats a lot and sleeps a lot.
Approximate table of weight gain in newborns by month
| 1 | 700 |
| 2 | 750 |
| 3 | 750 |
From the fourth month, the child tries to crawl and roll over; greater activity leads to high energy expenditure and consumption of fat reserves. The approximate rate of weight gain in infants by month from four months to six months is from 400 to 600 grams, and from six months to nine months it decreases to 300 to 500 grams. At the age of nine months to a year, the increase is even less: from 200 to 400 grams.
WHO table of weight gain in infants by month
| Baby's age (in months) | Monthly weight gain (in grams) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 700 |
| 2 | 750 |
| 3 | 750 |
| 4 | 700 |
| 5 | 700 |
| 6 | 650 |
| 7 | 550 |
| 8 | 550 |
| 9 | 550 |
| 10 | 500 |
| 11 | 450 |
| 12 | 400 |
Deviations from the norm - when to worry
The norms for weight gain in children under one year old established by the World Health Organization (WHO) are conditional. It is always necessary to take into account the developmental characteristics of each individual child.
If your baby is noticeably underweight, this may be the result of:
- Stress of the mother or illness of the child. If your baby has a poor appetite after illness, he will slowly gain weight. And if the mother is nervous and worried, this affects the quantity and quality of milk, which also leads to malnutrition of the child.
- Mom has low milk production. In this case, you need to take measures to restore lactation.
- The mother may put the baby to the breast incorrectly, he gets tired of sucking in vain and does not get enough.
- The number of feedings is not enough. The average feeding rate is 12, lasting from 15 to 20 minutes.
- If the child is active, moves a lot, he is given gymnastics and massage, this also helps to lose weight, but does not affect the baby’s health (additional feedings may be needed to restore the baby’s strength and energy).
- Dangerous signs of weight loss may include dysbiosis and incomplete absorption of milk.
- Neurological pathologies can prevent the baby from sucking properly; the feeding process is not easy for such children.
- Vaccinations sometimes cause weight loss.
If the weight gain over the months of a child under one year of age significantly exceeds the norm, be sure to pay attention to possible problems:
- Hormonal disorders can lead to weight gain in a child. This may be the result of the mother taking hormonal drugs or be a symptom of thyroid problems in the baby.
- Overfeeding can result in inadequate weight gain. This happens to formula-fed babies. In this case, change the mixture, adjust the number and volume of feedings.
Height
Baby's height at birth
In addition to weight, important indicator A child's development is his growth. For boys, the normal height at birth is 48-52 cm, and for girls 48-51 cm. The following factors influence the baby’s growth:
- Heredity. Tall parents and children are usually born with height above average, which is a type of norm. As in the case of parents with short stature.
- A mother’s balanced diet during pregnancy affects the height and weight of the newborn.
- If the baby is healthy, he does not have congenital diseases, his growth at birth will be within normal limits and will continue to develop within established limits.
Growth gain in newborns by month
According to WHO charts, a child grows by about 25 cm by the first year of life:
| Baby's age (in months) | Monthly height increase (in cm) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 3 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 3 | 2,5 |
| 4 | 2,5 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 6 | 2 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 9 | 1,5 |
| 10 | 1,5 |
| 11 | 1,5 |
| 12 | 1,5 |
The first thing a new mother is told after the birth of her baby is the height and weight of the child. The weight of a newborn, on average, is 2500-4500 g, and height is 45-56 cm. According to WHO (World Health Organization), height and weight standards for newborns differ, depending on the gender of the child. The norms for height and weight for boys are 49 - 52 cm and 3200 - 3500 g, and the norms for height and weight for girls are 48 - 50 cm and 3000 - 3300 g, so the norms for height and weight in boys are usually higher similar indicators for girls.
Newborns weighing more than 4500 g. and heights above 52 - 54 cm are considered large. In the birth of a large baby, within the period established by the obstetrician-gynecologist, proper nutrition (high-quality food), and increased medical care can contribute, even in the womb. Also, the birth of such a hero is facilitated by repeated births, post-term pregnancy, overeating during pregnancy, Rh conflict between mother and child, diabetes, hereditary traits.
If, on the contrary, a newborn’s weight and height are below the norm established by WHO, then the low weight can be explained by a number of reasons, most often associated with the mother’s improper (unbalanced) diet during pregnancy, bad habits, intrauterine infections, heredity, as well as short breaks between pregnancies.
Norms of height and weight gain in newborns
In the first week after birth, a newborn loses about 6-8% of its body weight. Weight loss is associated with natural processes: loss of fluid, meconium discharge and drying of the umbilical cord remnant. Nutrition in the first days of a baby's life is minimal, especially if the baby is on breastfeeding. Breast milk begins to be produced after a certain amount of time. Colostrum is the “initial” milk from the mother, which contains all the nutrients necessary for the newborn. To relieve hunger, a small amount of this colostrum is enough for the baby, and therefore the weight gain is small. By the end of the first month, the newborn gains 400-800 g.
Table of height and weight of a newborn up to one year
These indicators are the norm, but do not forget that each baby gains weight in its own way. Height increases by 3-4 cm, but even here all indicators are very individual. Don’t worry if your baby is a little underweight or overweight according to the norm for weight or height, the most important thing is control: control on your part and control on the part of the pediatrician, and if the baby’s rear is protected by qualified doctors and the loving heart of the mother, then prevent any deviations from norms become easy and simple. Let your baby grow and gain exactly as much weight as his body needs to be healthy, smart and beautiful!
Most parents are interested in the physical health of their children. The weight and height of a child under 10 years of age are his key parameters for both girls and boys. The evaluation criterion is a special scale or auxiliary tables compiled by the World Health Organization. What values will be optimal for different ages of both sexes?
Measuring a child’s physical appearance provides insight into the progress of development.
Development indicators for girls and boys in the first year of life
Weight by month
There is a separate table showing weight gain for babies up to one year:
Norm and limits of deviation of a child’s weight in the first year of life
Height and weight of a child from one year to 10 years
Very low and high numbers indicate the presence of deviations; those that are above and below the average are considered variants of the norm.
The height and weight table for children under 10 years of age is compiled separately for boys and separately for girls and will help you independently determine whether the process of your child’s physical development needs to be adjusted.
Indicator table for boys
Taking into account the regular weight and height gain of young men, WHO has compiled the following table of height and weight of boys under 10 years of age:
Growth indicators of development of boys under ten years of age
Weight development indicators for boys under ten years of age
The height and weight table for boys aged 10 years shows the proportional ratio for a given time period:
Indicator table for girls
Unlike boys, girls develop much faster. Therefore, it should not be surprising that children of different sexes of the same age may be inferior in performance to each other. The height and weight of girls under 10 years old is presented in this diagram:
Growth indicators of girls under ten years of age
Weight development indicators for girls under ten years of age
How do children grow from one to three years old?
The WHO table of average values will help you monitor the timely increase in the required centimeters and kilograms:
| Age | Height, cm | Weight, kg |
||
Boys | Boys | |||
| 1 year | ||||
| 1 year 3 months | ||||
| 1 year 6 months | ||||
| 1 year 9 months | ||||
| 2 years | ||||
| 2 years 3 months | ||||
| 2 years 6 months | ||||
| 2 years 9 months | ||||
| 3 years | ||||
Features of development of children from 3 to 5 years old
The physical development of a 3-5 year old child is determined by several parameters:
- 3 years - height 96 cm+\- 4 cm, weight 12 kg +\-1 kg, chest girth 51 cm+\-2 cm, head circumference 48 cm, presence of about 20 baby teeth;
- 4-5 years - 104 cm+\-4 cm, 17 kg+\-1 kg, chest 55 cm+\-2 cm, head 50 cm, teeth have not yet been replaced with permanent ones;
- the skull of a three-year-old child is equal to 80% of the volume of an adult’s skull, the spine is unstable, and bones and joints are easily deformed from negative external influences;
- very rapid blood circulation corresponds to a pressure of 95 to 58, increased excitability is observed, leading to rapid fatigue.
How do girls and boys grow from 5 to 10 years old?
Starting from the age of 5, the child’s body gradually transforms into a teenage one. The height and weight standards for children aged 10 years, as well as during the primary school period, are:
- 6 years - the body becomes 6-7 cm taller and 2.5-3 kg heavier, average height is 107-121 cm, weight 18-28 kg, chest girth 56-65 cm;
- 7 years - another 8-10 cm are added in height, 2.5-3 cm to the chest, body length is 114-128 cm, the baby weighs 20-30 kg;
- 8 years - changes characteristic of puberty are not yet noticeable, 21-32 kg and 119-134 cm;
- 9 years - children grow to 125-140 cm and 24-36 kg, respectively;
- 10 years - averages - 129-146 cm and 25-39 kg.
For a simpler understanding of child development, here is a table of the height and weight of children 10 years old:
Boys | ||||
Weight, kg | Height, cm | Weight, kg | Height, cm |
|
The percentage of overweight children everywhere is increasing at an alarming rate - on average, one in three teenagers or children is now overweight or obese.
Now many children spend little time on training and outdoor games; they spend more time in front of the TV, playing video games or the computer. And in many working, busy families, parents have less free time to prepare healthy home-cooked meals. From fast food to the computer, fast and in a hurry - this is the reality for many families.
Protecting children from excess weight means establishing correct mode nutrition and sports activities, as well as healthy relaxation together. We must include our children in healthy image living by your own example.
Is your child underweight or overweight?
World organization Health Authority (WHO), US Department of Health, and most countries around the world to evaluate excess weight In adults and children, BMI - body mass index - is successfully used, which is based on the ratio of height and weight, and the subsequent calculation of the proportion of fat in the human body. The method for calculating BMI was developed by Adolphe Quetelet and for children it provides a special scheme. First you need to calculate the child’s BMI using the general formula:Body mass index (BMI) calculator using Quetelet's formula
Because children and adolescents are characterized by rapid growth and development, their BMI can change significantly over a short period of time. Therefore, the usual BMI assessment common in adults is not suitable for them. To accurately and correctly estimate a child's body mass index, scientists studied the weight-to-height ratio of many thousands of children. And when you need to determine whether your child's BMI is normal or deviates from it, comparison tables - "percentage curves" or distribution scales - with averages for children of this age and height will give you the opportunity to understand whether weight adjustments need to be adjusted. This compares your child's body mass index to the average of thousands of other children. This approach takes into account the developmental stages that children go through in certain age groups. For example, if a child has a body mass index higher than 97% of children of the same age, then we can conclude that the child is overweight.
This table contains information on the BMI of adolescents and children of both sexes from 2 to 20 years.
As a result, your child's BMI will fall into one of four categories:
- Lack of weight: BMI below the 5th average (percentage curve);
- Healthy weight: BMI between 5th and 85th average;
- Overweight: BMI in the range between 85 and 95;
- Obesity: BMI falls in the range of 95 or higher.
Table for assessing a child’s weight and height by BMI
However, BMI is not a perfect indicator of body fat and can be misleading in some cases. For example, a teenager with developed muscles can have a high BMI without being overweight (muscle is added to body weight, not excess weight). In addition, BMI can be difficult to estimate correctly during puberty, when young people go through rapid growth stages. In any case, it is important to remember that BMI is generally a good indicator, but it is not a direct measurement of the amount of fat in the body.
Bioimpedance analysis allows you to determine the exact percentage of adipose tissue. Using a certain device, a weak, safe electricity, changing its frequency. Different tissues of the body have different resistance to electric current, thus it becomes possible to calculate what proportion of the body is muscle, and what is bone and fat.
If you are concerned that your child may be overweight or underweight, arrange an appointment with your child's healthcare provider to evaluate their diet and physical activity level and suggest positive changes. Your doctor may also recommend preventing certain diseases associated with being underweight or obese.
Norms of weight and height of a child by age
Table of height and weight of a child up to one year
| Age | Height in cm | Weight in kg. | |||||||||
| Very low | Short | Average | High | Very tall | Very low | Short | Average | High | Very tall | ||
1 month | 49.5 cm. | 51.2 cm. | 54.5 cm. | 56.5 cm. | 57.3 cm. | 3.3 kg. | 3.6kg. | 4.3kg. | 5.1kg. | 5.4kg. | |
2 month | 52.6 cm. | 53.8 cm. | 57.3 cm. | 59.4 cm. | 60.9 cm. | 3.9 kg. | 4.2kg. | 5.1kg. | 6.0kg. | 6.4kg. | |
3 months | 55.3 cm. | 56.5 cm. | 60.0 cm. | 62.0 cm. | 63.8 cm. | 4.5kg. | 4.9kg. | 5.8kg. | 7.0kg. | 7.3kg. | |
4 months | 57.5 cm. | 58.7 cm. | 62.0 cm. | 64.5 cm. | 66.3 cm. | 5.1kg. | 5.5kg. | 6.5kg. | 7.6kg. | 8.1kg. | |
5 months | 59.9 cm. | 61.1 cm. | 64.3 cm. | 67cm. | 68.9 cm. | 5.6kg. | 6.1kg. | 7.1kg. | 8.3kg. | 8.8kg. | |
6 months | 61.7 cm. | 63cm. | 66.1 cm. | 69cm. | 71.2 cm. | 6.1kg. | 6.6kg. | 7.6kg. | 9.0kg. | 9.4kg. | |
7 months | 63.8 cm. | 65.1 cm. | 68cm. | 71.1 cm. | 73.5 cm. | 6.6kg. | 7.1kg. | 8.2kg. | 9.5kg. | 9.9kg. | |
8 months | 65.5 cm. | 66.8 cm. | 70cm. | 73.1 cm. | 75.3 cm. | 7.1kg. | 7.5kg. | 8.6kg. | 10kg. | 10.5kg. | |
9 months | 67.3 cm. | 68.2 cm. | 71.3 cm. | 75.1 cm. | 78.8 cm. | 7.5kg. | 7.9kg. | 9.1kg. | 10.5kg. | 11kg. | |
10 months | 68.8 cm. | 69.1 cm. | 73cm. | 76.9 cm. | 78.8 cm. | 7.9kg. | 8.3kg. | 9.5kg. | 10.9kg. | 11.4kg. | |
11 months | 70.1 cm. | 71.3 cm. | 74.3 cm. | 78cm. | 80.3 cm. | 8.2kg. | 8.6kg. | 9.8kg. | 11.2kg. | 11.8kg. | |
| Very low | Short | Average | High | Very tall | Very low | Short | Average | High | Very tall | ||
Table of child height and weight by year
| Height in cm | Weight in kg. | |||||||||||
| Very low | Short | Average | High | Very tall | Very low | Short | Average | High | Very tall | |||
1 year | 71.2 cm. | 72.3 cm. | 75.5 cm. | 79.7 cm. | 81.7 cm. | 8.5kg. | 8.9kg. | 10.0kg. | 11.6kg. | 12.1kg. | ||
2 years | 81.3 cm. | 83cm. | 86.8 cm. | 90.8 cm. | 94cm. | 10.6kg. | 11kg. | 12.6kg. | 14.2kg. | 15.0kg. | ||
3 years | 88cm. | 90cm. | 96cm. | 102.0 cm. | 104.5 cm. | 12.1kg. | 12.8kg. | 14.8kg. | 16.9kg. | 17.7kg. | ||
4 years | 93.2 cm. | 95.5 cm. | 102cm. | 108cm. | 110.6 cm. | 13.4kg. | 14.2kg. | 16.4kg. | 19.4kg. | 20.3kg. | ||
5 years | 98.9 cm. | 101,5 | 108.3 cm. | 114.5 cm. | 117cm. | 14.8kg. | 15.7kg. | 18.3kg. | 21.7 kg. | 23.4kg. | ||
6 years | 105cm. | 107.7 cm. | 115m | 121.1 cm. | 123.8 cm. | 16.3kg. | 17.5kg. | 20.4kg. | 24.7kg. | 26.7kg. | ||
7 years | 111cm. | 113.6 cm. | 121.2 cm. | 128cm. | 130.6 cm. | 18kg. | 19.5kg. | 22.9 kg. | 28kg. | 30.8kg. | ||
8 years | 116.3 cm. | 119cm. | 126.9 cm. | 134.5 cm. | 137cm. | 20kg. | 21.5kg. | 25.5kg. | 31.4kg. | 35.5kg. | ||
9 years | 121.5 cm. | 124.7 cm. | 133.4 cm. | 140.3 cm. | 143cm. | 21.9 kg. | 23.5kg. | 28.1kg. | 35.1kg. | 39.1kg. | ||
10 years | 126.3 cm. | 129.4 cm. | 137.8 cm. | 146.7 cm. | 149.2 cm. | 23.9 kg. | 25.6kg. | 31.4kg. | 39.7kg. | 44.7 kg. | ||
11 years | 131.3 cm. | 134.5 cm. | 143.2 cm. | 152.9 cm. | 156.2 cm. | 26kg. | 28kg. | 34.9kg. | 44.9kg. | 51.5kg. | ||
12 years | 136.2 cm. | 140cm. | 149.2 cm. | 159.5 cm. | 163.5 cm. | 28.2kg. | 30.7 kg. | 38.8kg. | 50.6kg. | 58.7 kg. | ||
13 years | 141.8 cm. | 145.7 cm. | 154.8 cm. | 166cm. | 170.7 cm. | 30.9 kg. | 33.8kg. | 43.4kg. | 56.8kg. | 66.0kg. | ||
14 years | 148.3 cm. | 152.3 cm. | 161.2 cm. | 172cm. | 176.7 cm. | 34.3kg. | 38kg. | 48.8kg. | 63.4kg. | 73.2kg. | ||
15 years | 154.6 cm. | 158.6 cm. | 166.8 cm. | 177.6 cm. | 181.6 cm. | 38.7kg. | 43kg. | 54.8kg. | 70kg. | 80.1kg. | ||
| Very low | Short | Average |
| Very tall | Very low | Short | Average | High | Very tall | |||
Preventing excess weight and obesity
The key to keeping children of all ages at a healthy weight is family lifestyle. This is what is “preached” in the family. Do physical activity and healthy eating family hobby. To make it fun for kids too, let them help plan and prepare healthy menus, and take them to the grocery store with you so they can learn how to choose healthy and the right products.Avoid falling into these common nutrition traps:
- Don't reward children for good behavior or try to deter them from bad behavior with sweets or treats. Reward or punishment should not include food; there are many other effective and correct ways of education.
- Don't support the "clean plate policy". Watch for signs that your baby is hungry. Even babies who turn away from the bottle or breast report that they are full. If children are full, don't force them to continue eating. Remind yourself that we should only eat when we are hungry.
- Don’t talk about “bad foods” and don’t completely exclude all sweets and favorite treats from your diet. children's menu. Children are likely to rebel and eat large quantities of these harmful products outside the home or when parents are not looking.
conclusions
It is not easy to motivate a child to achieve results; he cannot be “put” on a diet. In its turn, adolescence complicated by the fact that there is a danger of self-rejection, isolation, depression, and anorexia. Once you find out if your child needs weight management, we would like to make some additional recommendations for children of all ages:- From birth to 1 year: In addition to the well-known many health benefits, breastfeeding can also help prevent excessive weight gain. And although the exact mechanism has not yet been established, breastfed children more clearly sense their hunger and satiety, thus protecting themselves from overeating.
- From 1 year to 5 years: It’s better to develop healthy habits with early years. Help your child establish healthy food preferences by offering him a variety of healthy food. Encourage your child's natural tendency to be active and help him develop.
- From 6 to 12 years: Keep your child physically active every day. Let it be a sports section or outdoor games in the yard. Encourage activity at home - in everyday housework and in joint games and walks on weekends. Teach your child to choose healthy and healthy foods, help him pack his own sandwiches for school.
- From 13 to 18 years old: Teens often gravitate toward fast food, but try to encourage them to eat healthier foods. For example, for baked sandwiches chicken meat, salads and smaller portions. Teach them how to prepare delicious healthy food and treats at home. Help them maintain physical activity every day.
- All ages: Reduce the amount of time your child spends watching TV, computers, and playing video games. Fight your child's habit of eating while looking at the TV or computer monitor. Try to prepare and offer your child a variety of healthy foods. Try to have breakfast, lunch and dinner with your child together. Encourage children to eat fruits and vegetables at least five times a day, limit sugary drinks and never skip breakfast.
But above all, let your children know that you love them no matter their weight, and your main desire is to help them be happy and healthy.
