Separating this plateau from the narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. The mountain range begins near the Gujarat-Maharashtra border, south of the Tapti River, stretches for about 1,600 km through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, ending at Kanyakumari, the southern tip of Hindustan. About 60% of the Western Ghats lies in Karnataka.

The mountains cover 60,000 km², the average height is 1200 m, the highest point is Anamudi (2695 m). The mountains are home to more than 5,000 species of flowering plants, 139 species of mammals, 508 species of birds, and 179 species of amphibians. Many species are endemic.

Geology

The Western Ghats are not a full-fledged mountain range, but represent a shifted edge of the Deccan Plateau. They were probably formed during the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana about 150 million years ago. Geophysicists Barren and Harrisson of the University of Miami argued that the western coast of India formed between 100 and 80 million years ago, after breaking off from Madagascar. Soon after the breakup, the peninsular region of the Indian Plateau drifted through the area of modern Reunion (21°06′ S, 55°31′ E). Major eruptions created the Deccan Plateau, a wide basalt formation in central India. These volcanic processes led to the formation of the northern third of the Western Ghats, their dome-shaped outlines. The underlying rocks were formed more than 200 million years ago. They can be seen in some places like the Nilgiris.

Basalt is the main rock and is found at a depth of 3 km. Other rocks include harnokites, granite gneisses, khondalites, granulites, metamorphic gneisses with occasional inclusions of limestone, iron ore, dolerites and anorthosites. There are also deposits of laterites and bauxites in the southern hills.

Mountains

The Western Ghats extend from the Satpura range in the north, running south through Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The large mountain range starting in the north is Sahyadhri and has many hill stations. Among the minor chains are the Kardamom Hills, Nilgiris, Anaimalai and Palni in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. In the Western Ghats lies the highest point of India south of the Himalayas - Ana Mudi (2695 m).

Rivers

The Western Ghats form one of the watersheds of India. They give rise to important rivers of peninsular India flowing from west to east into the Bay of Bengal, such as the Krishna, Godwari and Cauvery. Reservoirs have been built on many rivers in Maharashtra and Kerala.

Climate

The climate of the Western Ghats is humid and tropical, varying depending on the altitude and distance from the equator. At an altitude of more than 1500 m in the north and more than 2000 m in the south, the climate is closer to temperate. average temperature here it is +15, in some places in winter the temperature drops to 0. The coldest periods coincide with the wettest.

The mountains stop the westerly monsoon winds that carry rain, and therefore receive a lot of rainfall, especially on the western slopes. Dense forests also contribute to rainfall in this area. 3000-4000 mm of precipitation falls annually.

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See what "Western Ghats" is in other dictionaries:

Mountains, see Eastern Ghats Geographical names of the world: Toponymic dictionary. M: AST. Pospelov E.M. 2001. Western Ghats... Geographical encyclopedia

- (Sahyadri) western elevated outskirts of the Deccan Plateau, in India. Length approx. 1800 km. Height is 1500-2000 m, the highest is 2698 m. It drops steeply to the Arabian Sea, the eastern slopes are gentle, the peaks are plateau-like. On the western slopes there are wet... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (Sahyadri), the western elevated outskirts of the Deccan Plateau, in India. Length is about 1800 km. Height is 1500-2000 m, the highest is 2698 m. It drops steeply to the Arabian Sea, the eastern slopes are gentle, the peaks are plateau-shaped. On the western slopes... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Western Ghats- mountains, see Eastern Ghats... Toponymic dictionary

The mountains are covered with monsoon forests. There are also tea and coffee plantations on the mountain slopes.

The Eastern Ghats join the Western Ghats in the south at the Nilgiri Mountains.

Eastern Ghats
Hindi पूर्वी घाट

Characteristics
Square	262,673 km²
Length	1131 km
Width	1053 km
Highest point
highest peak	Devodi-Munda
Highest point	1680 m
Location
15°47′ N. w. 80°00′ E. d.
A country
Regions	Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka
Eastern Ghats

Notes

Geographical encyclopedic dictionary: geographical names / Ed. A. F. Treshnikova. - 2nd ed., add. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1989. - P. 113. - 210,000 copies. - ISBN 5-85270-057-6.
Eastern Ghats // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / resp. ed. A. M. Komkov. - 3rd ed., revised. and additional - M.: Nedra, 1986. - P. 126.
Eastern Ghats // Great Soviet Encyclopedia: [in 30 volumes] / ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
Eastern Ghats

Aerides curly

Curly Aerides (lat. Aërides crispa) is a species from the genus Aërides of the Orchidaceae family.

Ghats (disambiguation)

The Gathas are part of the Avesta

Eastern Ghats - mountain system on the eastern coast of Hindustan

Western Ghats - mountain system on the western coast of Hindustan

Geography of India

India is located in South Asia, mostly on the Hindustan Peninsula. The coast of India, which is more than 7 thousand km long, is washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean - the Bay of Bengal from the southeast and the Arabian Sea from the southwest. The area of India is 3 million 288 thousand km², according to this indicator the country ranks seventh in the world.

India is located north of the equator between 6°44" and 35°30" north latitude and 68°7" and 97°25" east longitude.

Mountain-forest belt

Mountain-forest belt is a natural high-altitude zone with a predominance of forest landscapes.

Mountain forests are forests located within mountain systems and individual mountain ranges with fluctuations in relative terrain heights of more than 100 m and an average surface slope from the foot to the top of mountain ranges or to the border of treeless spaces of more than 5°, regardless of the fact that individual sections of the slope may have a slope of less than 5°, as well as forests on mountain plateaus and plateaus, regardless of the slope of the terrain. Plateau forests, however, are not subject to altitudinal-zonal patterns, but to latitudinal-zonal ones, so their classification as mountain forests is debatable. The mountain-forest belt reaches its greatest development in equatorial latitudes. The mountain forest belt is distributed mainly in the mountains of fairly humid areas, but is also observed in the mountains of arid areas, where it often does not form a continuous strip, but is found in combination with meadows and steppes (mountain forest-steppe).

The mountain forest belt is often divided into a number of sub-belts, differing in the properties of the forests composing them. The presence of specific sub-belts depends on

continental climate and

other factors, including human activity.

Deccan (plateau)

Deccan, or Deccan Plateau (Hindi दक्खिन, Dakkhin; English Deccan Plateau, from Sanskrit दक्षिण dakshina - “southern”) is a plateau in India on the Hindustan Peninsula. It is located in the interior of the peninsula, bounded on the north by the Narmada River and on the south by the Kaveri River. Covers an area of about 1 million km². The surface is mainly inclined towards the east, due to which most of the rivers flow towards the east and empty into the Bay of Bengal.

To the north of the plateau is the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Along the western edge of the plateau are the Western Ghats, which in the southern part fence off the Malabar coast, and along the eastern edge - the Eastern Ghats, which fence off the Coromandel coast from the plateau, respectively.

Jackfruit

Jackfruit, or eve, or Indian breadfruit (lat. Artocarpus heterophyllus), is a woody plant, a species of the genus Artocarpus (Artocarpus) of the Mulberry family, a close relative of the breadfruit.

Dravidians

The Dravidians are peoples who inhabit mainly South India (only the Brahui remain in Pakistan) and speak Dravidian languages. Anthropologically, the Dravidians are so different from the rest of the population of India that many researchers identify them as a separate race - Dravidian, or South Indian - apparently the result of a mixture of the Indo-Mediterranean and Veddoid races.

The Dravidian peoples are the main creators of one of the oldest and most developed world civilizations - the Indus Valley Civilization, or Harappan civilization, in the culture and mythology of which Dravidian elements are quite clearly visible. It is assumed that during the period when this ancient civilization was already declining, as a result of a series of environmental disasters and a wave of Indo-Aryan (racially Caucasian) onslaught, the cities in the Indus basin were destroyed, and indigenous people, in particular the Dravidians, were forced out or migrated to the south of the Hindustan Peninsula.

The Dravidians include Telugus, or Andhras (44 million people according to 1967 estimates, currently more than 80 million people), Tamils (~70 million people, partly also live on the island of Sri Lanka, in Malaysia, Myanmar and other countries of the South -East Asia), Malayali (more than 35 million people), Kannar (44 million people), Gonds (more than 4 million people), Tulu (about 1 million people), as well as a number of small peoples who have largely preserved their tribal way of life and live mainly in mountainous and forest areas: Oraons, Todas, Kota, Kurumba, Badaga, Baiga, etc.

The Telugu and Tamil peoples are the creators of two of India's largest film industries: Tollywood (Telugu language cinema) and Kollywood (Tamil language cinema), currently surpassing Bollywood (Hindi language cinema) in terms of film output.

The South Indian cities of Bangalore and Hyderabad are India's largest scientific and industrial centers. Hyderabad vies with Bangalore to be called India's Silicon Valley.

Western Ghats

Western Ghats (Hindi पश्चिमी घाट), Sahyadri (Hindi सह्याद्रि) - a mountain range in the west of Hindustan. They run north to south along the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, separating the plateau from the narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. The mountain range begins near the border of Gujarat and Maharashtra, south of the Tapti River, stretches for about 1,600 km through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, ending at Kanyakumari, the southern tip of Hindustan. About 60% of the Western Ghats are located in Karnataka.

The mountains occupy 60,000 km², the average height is 1200 m, the highest point is Anai Mudi (2695 m).

India

India (Hindi भारत Bhārat, English. India), official name - Republic of India (Hindi भारत गणराज्य Bhārat Gaṇarājya, English. Republic of India) is a state in South Asia. Population - 180,000,000 people (December 22, 2017), territory - 3,287,263 km², by both of these indicators it is the largest country in South Asia. It ranks second in the world in terms of population and seventh in territory. The capital is New Delhi. The official languages are Hindi and English.

Federal state, parliamentary republic. Prime Minister - Narendra Modi, President - Ram Nath Kovind. It is divided into 29 states and 7 union territories.

India borders Pakistan in the west, China, Nepal and Bhutan in the northeast, and Bangladesh and Myanmar in the east. India also shares maritime borders with the Maldives in the southwest, Sri Lanka in the south and Indonesia in the southeast. The disputed territory of Jammu and Kashmir shares a border with Afghanistan.

The Indian subcontinent is home to the ancient Indus civilization. For most of its history, India was the center of important trade routes and was famous for its wealth and high culture. Religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism originated in India. In the first millennium AD, Christianity and Islam also came to the Indian subcontinent, having a significant influence on the development of the diverse culture of the region. In the 18th - first half of the 20th centuries, India was gradually colonized by the British Empire. In 1947, after many years of struggle, the country gained independence. By the end of the 20th century, India achieved great success in economic and military development; the country's economy became one of the fastest growing in the world. Despite this, a significant part of the population continues to live below the poverty line. High levels of corruption and a backward health care system are also pressing problems.

India is a potential superpower, has nuclear weapons. She is included in such international organizations, like the UN, G20, WTO, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, Commonwealth of Nations, as well as BRICS and SCO.

Hindustan

Hindustan (Hindi हिन्दुस्तान Hindustān, Urdu ہندوستان‎ Hindostān from Persian Hindū‎ - Indus + -stān) is a peninsula in southern Asia. Area approx. 2 million km². The northern border is conventionally drawn from the Indus delta to the Ganges delta. Sometimes all the plateaus and mountains south of the Indo-Gangetic Plain are also referred to as Hindustan. The peninsula contains a large part of India, parts of Pakistan and Bangladesh.

From the west it is washed by the waters of the Arabian Sea, from the east by the Bay of Bengal. To the southeast of the tip of the peninsula is the large island of Sri Lanka. Hindustan is the southern part of the Indian subcontinent, located on the Indian tectonic plate.

Along the coastline there is a narrow strip of plains. Above them rise the Western and Eastern Ghats, framing the Deccan Plateau. The highest point is Mount Anai-mudi, whose height is 2698 meters. There are also large deposits of coal, manganese, iron and copper ores, mica, bauxite and precious stones. The southernmost point of the peninsula is Cape Comorin.

Coromandel Coast

Coromandel Coast - the eastern coast of the Hindustan Peninsula south of the Krishna River delta to Cape Comorin. The coast is washed by the Bay of Bengal of the Indian Ocean, has a length of about 700 km and a width of 80-100 km. It is a strip of hilly plains, turning into the Eastern Ghats in the west.

Along the coast there are large sandy beaches and spits. The coast is low, indented by deltas of several large rivers, including Kaveri, Palar, Penner and Krishna, which form deltas with an area of up to 10 thousand km². The rivers originate on the Deccan Plateau and, flowing from the Eastern Ghats, form fertile alluvial plains.

Currently, the Coromandel Coast is located in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, as well as in the union territory of Puducherry. There are large port cities on the coast - Chennai (Madras), Cuddalore, Tranquebar (Tharangambadi), Nagapatnam and others.

The section is very easy to use. In the field provided, just enter the right word, and we will give you a list of its values. I would like to note that our site provides data from various sources - encyclopedic, explanatory, word-formation dictionaries. Here you can also see examples of the use of the word you entered.

Western Ghats

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

western ghats

WESTERN GHATS (Sahyadri) the western elevated edge of the Deccan Plateau, in India. Length approx. 1800 km. The height is 1500-2000 m, the highest is 2698 m. It drops steeply to the Arabian Sea, the eastern slopes are gentle, the peaks are plateau-shaped. On the western slopes - wet rainforests, in the east - savanna woodlands.

Western Ghats

Sahyadri, a mountain range in India, the western elevated edge of the Hindustan peninsula. Length is about 1800 km, height up to 2698 m (Anaimudi). The western slope is a steep cliff of the Deccan Plateau, falling in steps to the Arabian Sea, the eastern slope is gently sloping plains descending towards the interior regions of the Hindustan Peninsula. The western regions are separated by transverse tectonic valleys that serve as routes of communication between the Malabar coast and the Deccan Plateau. The southern part is composed mainly of gneisses and charnockites, forming separate massifs with sharp, irregular outlines of peaks (Nilgiri, Anaimalai, Palni, Cardamom Mountains); the northern part is predominantly basalts, forming flat-topped stepped hills. The climate is subequatorial, monsoon. The annual amount of precipitation on windward slopes is from 2 to 5 thousand mm, on leeward slopes ≈ 600≈700 mm. On the western slopes below and in the north there are mixed deciduous-evergreen forests; on the south there are evergreen tropical rainforests (largely cleared); on the eastern slopes there are dry savannas with candelabra-shaped spurges, acacias, and deleb palms.

L. I. Kurakova.

Wikipedia

Western Ghats

Western Ghats , Sahyadri- a mountain range in the west of Hindustan. They run north to south along the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, separating the plateau from the narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. The mountain range begins near the border of Gujarat and Maharashtra, south of the Tapti River, stretches for about 1,600 km through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, ending at Kanyakumari, the southern tip of Hindustan. About 60% of the Western Ghats are located in Karnataka.

The mountains occupy 60,000 km², the average height is 1200 m, the highest point is Anai Mudi (2695 m).

The Western Ghats stretch along the coast of the Hindustan Peninsula from north to south. It is customary to call them a mountain range, but in fact they are not quite ordinary mountains. The folds of the terrain were formed in ancient times when the ancient supercontinent Godwana was breaking up. The Ghats are the edge of a huge formation that forms the entire peninsula. The ridge is separated from the Indian Ocean by a small flat strip.

Location

The name very accurately describes external features mountains Translated from ancient Sanskrit, the word "gats" means steps. The mountains, however, are similar to them. The Western and Eastern Ghats are different from each other. The western edge is steep, while the eastern edge transitions more smoothly into the plain. The northern part of the mountains is represented by monolithic ridges formed by the influx of one plate onto another more than 150 million years ago. The Southern Ghats, called the Malabar Coast, are more like single sloping hills.

One of the most popular tourist destinations that the Western Ghats are famous for is Goa. This small Indian state is dotted with river beds flowing from the mountains and carrying their waters into the Arabian Gulf. The traveler can easily select a suitable excursion to the mountains that will suit his wishes. By the way, holidays and accommodation in Goa are considered one of the most economical options. Tourist infrastructure The region is in a stage of active development; local business owners have room to grow. But the beautiful nature more than compensates for the shortcomings of the service.

An equally popular place for which many people strive to visit the Western Ghats is Mumbai. This ancient city is the second most populous city in the world (after the Philippine capital). Here you will find luxury hotels and restaurants, theaters and museums, colorful antiquities and monuments of modern art.

Unique nature

Biologists call the Western Ghats a unique natural reserve. Several species of animals live here that are found nowhere else in the world: lion-tailed macaques, hooded gulman, spiny dormouse, tarsal goat, and others. Along with them live less rare animals, for example, the Indian elephant and baboon. Many tourists go here to admire the butterfly population. IN last years their numbers have declined and were once among the largest in the world. Total rare species animals living in the Ghats exceeded 3 hundred.

Diverse and vegetable world. Business card India is tea. The country ranks second in the world (after China) in its procurement. Most of the harvest is obtained on the terraces of the Ghats. It was organized by the East India Company at the end of the century before last. When the English colonialists left Hindustan, the plantations were preserved and have been diligently cultivated ever since.

The local population has been engaged in agriculture. Many crops introduced by Europeans during colonial times are grown here.

Man-made and natural attractions

When traveling to the Western Ghats, plan your route. Animal lovers will be interested in visiting unique nature reserves: Mudumalai, Bandipur, Nilgiri. The luxurious rose garden in Udagamandalam is worth visiting. National parks Eravikulam, Karimpuzha, Mukurthi and Silent Valley are cool on a hot day and will help you learn more about the unique nature of the Ghats.

There is also something to see for lovers of antiquities. The city of Palakkad is especially interesting in this regard. When going there, visit the ancient fort, Jain temple, and Brahmin monastery.

Mount Ana Mudi is the highest point in India south of the Himalayas. Its name is translated from Sanskrit as “elephant’s head”. It is shaped like the forehead of an elephant.
Yakshagana is a traditional art in these parts. This is a dance with a plot that is performed only by men.
In the Botanical Garden you can admire a petrified tree that is 20 million years old.
On the terraces of the Western Ghats there are unique tea trees that have grown from bushes.
And the most important thing is the following. Western Ghats - unique place, in which the concept of “holiday season” does not exist. Nature is kind here all year round, and you can go on a trip at any time.

Sahyadri, a mountain range in India, the western elevated edge of the Hindustan peninsula. Length about 1800 km, height up to 2698 m(Anaimudi city). The western slope is a steep cliff of the Deccan Plateau, falling in steps to the Arabian Sea, the eastern slope is gently sloping plains, descending towards the interior regions of the Hindustan Peninsula. The western regions are separated by transverse tectonic valleys that serve as routes of communication between the Malabar coast and the Deccan Plateau. The southern part is composed mainly of gneisses and charnockites, forming separate massifs with sharp, irregular outlines of peaks (Nilgiri, Anaimalai, Palni, Cardamom Mountains); the northern part is predominantly basalts, forming flat-topped stepped hills. The climate is subequatorial, monsoon. The annual precipitation on the windward slopes is from 2 to 5 thousand. mm, on leeward - 600-700 mm. On the western slopes below and in the north there are mixed deciduous evergreen forests, in the south there are evergreen tropical rainforests (largely cleared); on the eastern slopes there are dry savannas with candelabra-shaped spurges, acacias, and deleb palms.

L. I. Kurakova.

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Great Soviet Encyclopedia
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Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- a group of isolated medium-altitude mountain ranges and ranges in the western part of the Western Carpathians in Poland and Czechoslovakia. Length about 250 km, height up to 1725 m...
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
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- part of the northern frame of the West. Carpathians in Poland and Slovakia. Length approx. 250 km. Height up to 1725 m...
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- the western elevated outskirts of the Deccan Plateau, in India. Length approx. 1800 km. Height is 1500-2000 m, the highest is 2698 m. It drops steeply to the Arabian Sea, the eastern slopes are gentle, the peaks are plateau-shaped...
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- G"...
Russian spelling dictionary
- noun, number of synonyms: 1 mountains...
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