Tatiana Norinskaya
"Forest and Man". Lesson summary in 4th grade on the subject “The World around us”
Goals lesson:
Form in students performance about the role of forests in life man and nature;
To introduce the environmental problems of the forest that arose due to person, with the security activities of people in the forest zone;
Develop cognitive interest, develop speech, logical thinking, the ability to analyze, draw conclusions, broaden the horizons of students;
To cultivate respect and love for nature, a sense of duty and responsibility to natural resources.
I. Organizational moment
Good morning. Today on our there are guests in the lesson. Let's say hello. Sit down.
I'll read an excerpt from the song "Forest March"
We wrote it ourselves
In the forest green book
About what the forest has
Reliable friends -
The same girls
The same boys
Just as happy
Like you and me!
Why did I start our lesson from this passage? (This passage is about friends of the forest)
Who should protect the forest? (People should do this.)
Who can formulate the theme of our lesson?
The topic and goals are communicated lesson.
The topic of our lesson is "Forest and Human»
II. Checking homework
1. Before you start studying new topic Let's check your homework.
Tell us about the tundra.
What can you tell us about the taiga?
Name the trees that grow in the taiga
What animals live in the taiga?
What can you tell us about the zone of broad-leaved and mixed forests?
Flora of forests
2. There is a competition drawings: "Like me I imagine the taiga, mixed and deciduous forest." The drawings are briefly commented on. (exhibition of drawings on the board)
The guys drew pictures, let's follow the pictures let's define What zone do they belong to?
By what signs did you recognize it?
III. Working on a new topic
1. Listen to the poem by S. Nikulina "Russian Forest" read by Savvateev Michael:
There's nothing sweeter
Wander and think here.
Heals, warms,
Feed the Russian forest.
And the thirst will torment
That's a little forest guy for me
Among the thorny thickets
The fontanel will show.
I'll lean over to get a drink
And you can see everything to the bottom.
Water flows,
Tasty and cold.
Rowan trees are waiting for us in the forest,
Nuts and flowers,
Fragrant raspberry
On dense bushes.
I'm looking for a mushroom clearing
I, without sparing my legs,
And if I get tired
I'll sit down on a tree stump.
The forest loves pedestrians very much,
For them, he is completely his own.
There's a goblin wandering around here somewhere
With a green beard.
Life seems different
And my heart doesn't hurt
When over your head,
Like eternity, the forest is noisy.
What relationships is this poem talking about? (The poem talks about the relationship between man and forest)
This poem will help us figure out what the forest is for person.
2. Work from the textbook, p. 106. Determining the role of forests in human life.
Read the article in the textbook “The role of forests in nature and people’s lives” on pp. 106-107 - and you will find out what role the forest plays.
3. Work in notebooks.
Open your notebook to page 50 and answer the first question: What role does the forest play in your life? (some Human read out their answers)
4.1) So what is a forest for? person? (the first card is opened - "resting-place").
The forest is a real filter that cleanses the air from dust and soot. Dust settles on the leaves and is then washed to the ground by rain. In addition, the leaves of many trees release special substances into the air - phytoncides. They kill pathogenic microbes. It is good and pleasant to relax in the clean air.
2) Why is it called a forest "Pharmacy"(card opens - "pharmacy").
The forest is a storehouse of various riches. The most valuable tree species and many medicinal plants and herbs grow here.
3) In the forest Human finds food for itself - these are berries, nuts, mushrooms, clean water (a card opens "source clean water and food").
4) How can a forest warm you up? person?
So the forest is for person- this is a source of fuel (a card opens "fuel source").
5) (card opens “house for plants, animals, mushrooms”).
How do you understand this?
6) What is the forest for the air?
The forest is an oxygen shop. In big cities it is necessary a large number of trees, because they absorb harmful substances that are in the air
7) Why else is the forest a protector? (card opens “protector of air, water bodies and soils”).
How do forests protect water bodies?
How does the forest protect the soil?
The forest maintains the full flow of rivers, streams, and reservoirs.
The forest regulates the action of the wind, protects the soil from the influence of blowing and dispersal. They even plant forest belts that prevent soil from being blown away.
5. Everything you said is true, but now let's summarize our knowledge. Look at the diagram we came up with.
Meaning of forest
1. Rest place
3. Source of water and food
4. Fuel source
5. House for plants, mushrooms, animals
6. Protector of water bodies, air, soil.
What conclusion can be drawn from all that has been said?
Conclusion: the forest has great importance, both in nature and in life person.
IV. Reinforcing a covered topic
1). Test work "Natural forest zone" (slides 3-7)
Let's do a little test. Attention to the screen.
1. The natural forest zone consists from:
1) five parts;
2) two parts;
3) three parts;
2. The largest territory occupy:
1) mixed forests;
2) coniferous forests;
3) broad-leaved forests;
3. They grow in the taiga:
1) fir, spruce, larch;
2) oaks, pines, spruces;
3) birch, linden, larch;
4. The following forest animals are listed in the Red Book stripes:
1) musk ox, walrus, pink gull;
2) red-breasted goose; merlin; Siberian Crane;
3) stork; walrus; seal;
5. Forest protection is….
1) duty of the state;
2) the duty of the state and the duty of every citizen;
3) care of the forest inhabitants themselves;
2). Self-test.. Blitz tournament "I know the forest"(the teacher dictates, and then the students change leaves and check on the screen, slides 9-17)
What forest do we call taiga?
Which tree is the symbol of Russia?
- Name the tree: “Tall, slender, with yellowish-reddish or brown bark. The branches are only at the top. The needles are long and arranged in pairs. The cones are small, rounded».
This animal can jump from tree to tree.
Who is the forest health officer?
This animal can not only jump, but also fly.
What tree are acorns the fruit of?
Perform on cards in pairs.
Identify coniferous trees by their branches and cones. Number the drawings (1. Spruce. 2. Pine. 3.
Cedar pine. 4. Fir. 5. Larch)
Identify deciduous trees by their leaves and fruits. Number the drawings (1. Oak. 2. Maple. 3. Linden. 4. Ash. 5. Elm).
3). Guess the riddles and solve the crossword puzzle (slides 19-21)
1. Russian beauty, standing in a clearing, in a green blouse, in a white sundress (birch).
2. The squadron sat down on a large colored carpet, then opened and then closed its painted wings (butterflies).
3. I have stilts - the swamps are not scary, will I find frogs - that’s my concern (heron).
4. There are workers in the river: not joiners, not carpenters, but they will build a dam - even paint a picture (beavers).
5. Leaves are falling from the aspen trees, a sharp wedge is rushing in the sky (cranes).
6. There is a cheerful house on a pole, with a small round window so that the children can fall asleep, the house is swaying by the wind, the father is singing on the porch - he is both a pilot and a singer (starling).
7. You injured your leg while hiking, fatigue doesn’t let you walk, bend over: a soldier by the road is ready to help you on your way (plantain)
8. From a branch to a path, from a grass to a blade of grass, a spring jumps - a green back (grasshopper)
9. I show off as a white fluffy ball in a clean field. A light breeze blew and a stem remained (dandelion).
10. This dog’s brother is gray, and the robber is the first (wolf).
V. Summary. Reflection
Let's summarize our lesson.
Try to answer these questions.
Have you learned anything new about yourself today?
What did you find interesting?
What do you remember?
What did you want to know more about?
Let's rate ourselves and our achievements on a scale (Christmas trees are prepared on the board according to the colors of the forest zones)
Well done! Good job on lesson.
VI. Homework
We opened our diaries and wrote down our homework.
2) Notebook page 51-52
Thank you very much for lesson!
Class: 4
Presentation for the lesson
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Lesson objectives:
- To form in students an idea of the role of forests in the life of man and nature; to familiarize with the environmental problems of the forest that have arisen due to human fault, with the conservation activities of people in the forest zone.
- Develop cognitive interest.
- To cultivate respect and love for nature, a culture of behavior.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment.
S. Pogorelsky
Hello forest, dense forest,
Full of fairy tales and miracles!
What are you making noise about in the leaves?
On a dark, stormy night?
What are you whispering at dawn?
Who is hiding in your wilderness?
What kind of animal? What bird?
Open everything, don’t hide:
You see, we are our own! Slide 1
II. Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.
– Why did we start our lesson with a poem by S. Pogorelsky?
(This is a poem about the forest. The forest reveals all its secrets to us with pleasure. It gives us miracles, and we must take care of it.)
– Who should take care of the forest (People should do this.)
The topic of our lesson: “Forest and man.”
Today we will talk about the role of forests in the life of man and nature; Let's get acquainted with the environmental problems of the forest that arose due to human fault, with the protective activities of people in the forest zone.
III. Testing knowledge and skills.
1.Frontal work./At the same time, work on cards is underway./ Annex 1 .
– What do you know about the forest zone? Give a detailed description of the location of the forest zone on the map and tell us about the natural conditions that developed there.
(The forest zone is located south of the zone tundra It is marked in green on the map. The forest zone is located in temperate zone This means that all four seasons of the year are clearly expressed, cold winter and warm summer. The forest zone is mostly located on the East European and West Siberian plains, as well as on the Central Siberian Plateau. This natural area is the largest. In this natural area three parts: the largest part is the taiga. It is painted dark green. There are also mixed forests – also green, but lighter. And another part is deciduous forests, the green color is even lighter.)
2. Group work.
Questions for nerds:
1st Group of Botanists
Help card:
- What is called taiga?
- Natural conditions taiga
- What do all taiga plants have in common?
- What plants grow in the taiga?
(Taiga is coniferous forest. It occupies most of the forest area. Winters in the taiga are cold, and summers are warmer than in the tundra, so trees that are not very demanding of heat grow here - these are coniferous trees. Coniferous trees have leaves that are needles, and they are always green. These are tall trees with powerful roots. In the taiga grow: spruce, pine, fir, larch, cedar pine. Slide 2
Spruce - known to everyone Christmas tree. The Christmas tree's needles are short, rough, arranged singly and densely covering the branches. The cones have an oblong shape. Long-lived spruces. The spruce forest is dark and humid. Slide 3
Pine is a coniferous tree with a smooth yellow trunk. Pine needles are long and sit in pairs. Pine cones have a round shape. The pine forests are light and dry.
Fir differs from spruce in that its needles are flat, and its cones stick up, and even mature ones do not fall to the ground, but scales simply fall off them.
Larch is the only coniferous tree that sheds its needles in the winter.
Cedar pine is popularly called Siberian cedar. Its needles are collected in bunches of five, and the seeds are pine nuts.
II group of botanists
Help card:
- Location of mixed and deciduous forests.
- Natural conditions in these forests.
- What unites the plants of these forests?
- What plants grow in these forests?
To the south the taiga comes to be replaced mixed forest. In it, along with coniferous trees Alder, birch, and aspen trees grow. Winter in such a forest is milder. Deciduous trees have medium-sized leaves, which they shed for the winter. Slide 4
Birch can be recognized by its bark, it is white; no other tree that reproduces by seeds has such bark. Slide 5
Aspen has rounded leaves, and they tremble with every breath of wind, the aspen bark is greenish, and in the spring you can see long fluffy catkins.
Alder has small dark cones on the branches, the trunk is black or gray. Closer to the south, the zone becomes even warmer, and mixed forests are replaced by broad-leaved ones, in which large trees grow, shed their leaves for the winter, and reproduce by seeds.
The oak can be recognized by its mighty trunk and carved leaves; the fruits of the oak are acorns.
Linden has heart-shaped leaves. In summer, when the linden blossoms, it spreads a wonderful aroma. Linden fruits are dark nuts, sitting in several pieces under one wing.
Elm can be recognized by its leaves and fruits: the leaves at the base are “lopsided”, one half is larger than the other, the fruits are winged, rounded nuts. Slide 6
Maple can be Norway, Tatarian and American. The fruits of all maple species are winged.
Zoologists
Help card:
- Birds of the taiga, what unites them.
- Animals of the taiga, what unites them.
- Fauna of mixed and broad-leaved forest.
Diverse animal world forest zone: here you can find large and small animals, insects. In the taiga live: nutcracker, chipmunk, flying squirrel, sable. Also living in the forest zone are: red deer, elk, bear, wolves, foxes, lynxes, hares, squirrels, wood grouse, chipmunks, voles. There are no borders for animals - they live throughout the entire zone. Some animals go into hibernation for the winter (hedgehogs, bears), others make supplies for the winter.
The nutcracker is a taiga bird that makes provisions for the winter from pine nuts. Slide 7
The flying squirrel is a relative of the squirrel, but smaller. She can not only jump, but also fly: she has membranes between her front and hind legs. Slide 8
The brown bear is an omnivorous animal, very mobile, can run quickly, jump, climb trees, and swim.
Elk is a forest giant. In different seasons of the year, moose consume different amounts of food. In winter they form groups.
The lynx is a predator and has a spotted color. There are sideburns on the sides of the head, and tufts on the ears. The lynx, hiding, waits for the prey and quietly creeps up to it.
The white hare changes color for the winter, becomes white, only the tips of the ears are black, and the fur becomes thick. These are careful animals.
3. Blitz tournament“I know the forest.”
(Coniferous)
– Name the tree: “Tall, slender, with yellowish-reddish or brown bark.
The branches are only at the top. The needles are long and arranged in pairs. The cones are small and round.” (Pine)
– What special difference does larch have? (Drops needles)
– What bird distributes the fruits of the cedar pine? (Kedrovka)
– Which tree is a symbol of Russia? (Birch)
– This animal can not only jump, but also fly. (Flying squirrel)
– What tree are acorns the fruit of? (Oak fruit)
– Which animal has five black stripes on its back? (Chipmunk)
– Which tree of the broad-leaved forest, when flowering, spreads a wonderful aroma around? (Linden)
– Recognize the animal by its description: “Loves dark forests, quietly creeps up to the prey, has a spotted color, “whiskers” and tufts on the ears? (Lynx)
– What forest do we call taiga?
IV. Working with a new theme
S. Nikulina “Russian Forest” Slide 9
| There's nothing sweeter Wander and think here. Heals, warms, Feed the Russian forest. |
I'm looking for a mushroom clearing I, without sparing my legs, And if I get tired - I'll sit down on a tree stump. |
| And the thirst will torment you, That's a little forest guy for me Among the thorny thickets The fontanel will show. |
The forest loves pedestrians very much, For them, he is completely his own. There's a goblin wandering around here somewhere With a green beard. |
| I’ll bend over to him to get a drink - And you can see everything to the bottom. Water flows, Tasty and cold. |
Life seems different And my heart doesn't hurt When over your head, Like eternity, the forest is noisy. |
| Rowan trees are waiting for us in the forest, Nuts and flowers, Fragrant raspberry On dense bushes. |
– What relationships is this poem talking about?
(Between man and forest)
– What is a forest for a person?
The forest is a place of rest for a person, because “there is nothing nicer for a person to wander and think here”...
Resting-place
– Why forest-pharmacy? (There are many medicinal plants in the forest. Fresh air also heals.)
- In the forest, a person finds food for himself - these are berries, nuts, mushrooms, clean water: “it will feed the Russian forest”, “I bent down to drink from it...”
Source of clean water and food
How can a forest warm a person? (A man heats a house with firewood. And firewood is trees that grew in the forest.)
– This means that the forest is a source of fuel for humans.
Fuel source
– Look around, what things made of wood do you see?
– What awaits a person in the forest? Find it in the poem. “Rowan berries, nuts and flowers, fragrant raspberries on dense bushes are waiting for us in the forest. I’m looking for a clearing of mushrooms, sparing no effort...”
– What do flowers, bushes, mushrooms do in the forest? (They grow there.)
– What is the forest for them?
– For whom else is the forest home? (For birds, animals, bugs, spiders, worms.)
– This means that the forest is also a home for plants, animals, and mushrooms.
House for plants, animals, mushrooms
– Look how many meanings the forest has, but that’s not all!
Article “The role of forests in nature and people’s lives”
– What roles does the forest play? Forest plants produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide. The forest clears the air of dust. Phytoncides kill pathogenic bacteria.
– What is the forest for the air? (Defender)
– What else is the forest a protector for? (Reservoirs and soils).
Protector of air, water bodies and soils
– How does a forest protect water bodies? (The forest feeds the rivers, the rivers do not become shallow)
– How does the forest protect the soil? (The forest protects the soil from the wind, and the roots of plants prevent the soil from being destroyed)
The forest is a home, a protector, a source, a pharmacy, a place of rest. Slide10
– Is a person always fair to the forest?
Is it his fault that environmental problems in the forest arise?
Listen to N. Nekrasov’s poem and think about what environmental problem is being discussed:
Sasha cried as the forest was cut down,
Even now she feels sorry for him to the point of tears.
There were so many curly birches here!
There because of the old frowning spruce
The red clusters of viburnum looked out.
A young oak tree rose there,
Birds reigned in the top of the forest,
All sorts of animals were lurking below.
Suddenly men with axes appeared.
The forest rang, groaned, and crackled.
The hare listened and ran away. Slide 11
– What environmental problem? we're talking about in a poem ? (About deforestation)
– People thought that there were so many forests that it was impossible to cut them down. Now it has become clear: the forests are in danger! The girl Sasha from Nekrasov’s poem also understood this; she felt sorry for the birds and animals left without a home.
– How does this problem make you feel?
– You are not indifferent to the fate of the forest, you are concerned about the problem that has arisen - this means that you will look for ways to solve it.
– Man has long killed animals to get food, but this was necessary for the survival of people, and they killed no more than they could eat. Now, excessive hunting has led to the complete or almost complete extermination of some animal species. Currently, forest animals are restricted and poaching is punishable by law. Many species of rare animals are taken under protection, and plants and animals listed in the Red Book are under special protection. The following are listed in the Red Book:
beetles – crosotel beetle, relic woodcutter, stag beetle; Slide12
plants - ginseng, lady's slipper; Slide 13
birds – eagle owl, mandarin duck; Slide 14
animals - bison, Amur tiger. Slide 15
– Nature reserves have been created in the forest zone. You will learn about one of them by reading the section in the textbook on pages 112, 113 “Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve”.
V. Physical education minute.
Hands raised and shook -
These are trees in the forest.
Arms bent, hands shaken -
The wind blows away the dew.
Let's wave our hands to the sides, smoothly -
These are the birds flying towards us.
Let us show you how they sit down quietly -
The wings were folded back.
VI. Work on the topic.
Continue studying a new topic.
“We also have to figure out what depends on each of us.” Listen to Sukhomlinsky's story “Ashamed of the Nightingale.”
Olya and Lida, little girls, went into the forest. Tired of the journey, we sat down to rest and have lunch. They took bread, butter, and eggs out of the bag. When the girls had already finished dinner, a nightingale began to sing not far from them. Fascinated by the beautiful singing, Olya and Lida sat, afraid to move. The nightingale stopped singing. Olya collected the remains of her food and scraps of paper and threw them under a bush. Lida wrapped it in newspaper eggshells and bread crumbs and put the bag in the bag.
“Why do you take garbage with you?” said Olya. Throw it under a bush. After all, we are in the forest, no one will see!
“I’m ashamed in front of the nightingale,” Lida answered quietly.
– Whose behavior in the forest do you think is correct?
– If everyone acts like Olya, the forest will turn into a dump. You know that plastic and glass objects do not rot even in the ground. While food waste and paper can be buried in the forest, cans, glass and plastic bottles should never be left in the forest. And animals can be injured by fragments of broken bottles. I would like to talk about one more action of a person.
V. Shefner “Forest Fire” Slide 16
Forgetful hunter at rest
I didn’t sweep it away, I didn’t trample the fire.
He went into the forest, and the branches burned out
And they reluctantly smoked until the morning...
And in the morning the wind dispersed the fogs,
And the dying fire came to life.
And, throwing sparks in the middle of the clearing,
He spread out his crimson rags.
He burned all the grass and flowers together,
He burned the bushes and went into the green forest.
Like a frightened flock of red squirrels,
He darted from trunk to trunk.
And the forest was buzzing with a fiery blizzard,
The trunks fell with a frosty crack,
And like snowflakes, sparks flew from them
Above the gray drifts of ash.
– What human act became a terrible disaster for the forest?
- But this might not have happened if the person had followed the rules for making a fire and had not forgotten to extinguish it and make sure that the fire would not flare up again.
Reading the memo (p. 111 textbook).
– Why do you think some people do not follow the rules of behavior in the forest?
– At home, come up with and draw signs that would reflect human actions that are dangerous to the forest.
What are these actions?
- Cutting down trees on the banks of reservoirs.
- Piles of garbage. Left by a person after work.
- Forest pollution from household waste.
- Making fires.
– What should people remember when coming to the forest?
– Of course, each of us should think about how our descendants will see the forests in a century, in a millennium, and whether the forest will be able to give them what it gives us now. Slide 17
VIII. Summing up the lesson.
– Name the significance of the forest for humans.
IX. Homework.
Textbook (P.106-113).
Notebook (p.35).
Draw signs that would reflect human actions that are dangerous to the forest.
Forests purify the air, keep rivers full, and protect soils from wind and water flows. People admire the beauty of the forest, relax in it, pick mushrooms, berries, medicinal plants. In the forests there are plants and animals included in the Red Book of Russia. Caring attitude to the forest is the responsibility of every person!
Think and write down what role the forest plays in your life.
The forest is the main defender of the air, thanks to it I breathe clean air. It is also a vacation spot for me and my family.
Make a diagram based on the diagram in the textbook (The world around us, grade 4, p. 103), replacing the text with drawings and symbols.
Think about what ecological problems forest zones are expressed by these signs. Formulate and write down.
Suggest conservation measures for class discussion that would help solve these problems.
Continue filling out the poster “Red Book of Russia”, which was drawn by Seryozha and Nadya’s dad. Find the plants and animals of forest zones on the poster and write their names.
Lady's slipper, ginseng, beauty beetle, relic woodcutter, stag beetle, mandarin duck, eagle owl, bison, Amur tiger 
Come up with and draw symbols for the rules in the textbook (p. 107). Using these signs as a guide, talk about the rules for starting a fire.
How to make a fire
|
Children should not make a fire alone, without their elders |
A fire is needed to cook food or keep warm. You can't dilute it unnecessarily. |
|
 |
You need to carefully choose a place for a fire. There should be nothing nearby that could catch fire. |
 |
It is better to make a fire in an old fire pit. If it is not there, you need to remove the turf (a layer of soil with plants) with a shovel and build a fire in the resulting hole. |
 |
When leaving, be sure to extinguish the fire: fill it with water or cover it with sand, and put the turf back in place. |
Here you can make notes for your messages about one of the forest plants or animals included in the Red Book of Russia(according to the instructions of the textbook, p. 108).
Post subject: Lady's slipper
Message plan:
1) Description of the plant
2) Why is it called that?
3) Where does it grow?
4) Features of the plant and Interesting Facts
Important message information:
Lady's slipper is a plant of the orchid family. Plants from the genus Lady's slipper can be called one of the most beautiful flowers of the taiga. The name of the plant, “Venus’s slipper,” comes from ancient times. An ancient legend says that once the goddess of beauty Venus, fleeing from her pursuer, hid in northern forests among marshy swamps and dark, tall trees. Suddenly, the beautiful Venus stumbled, and the golden shoe with red satin ribbons flew off her foot and turned into a beautiful flower.
But the flower of the lady’s slipper is really very similar to the graceful slipper of a beauty. That’s why people called it “the Mother of God’s boots,” “Maryin’s slipper,” and “cuckoo’s slipper.”
The lady's slipper blooms for a long time, almost a month. But the Lady's slipper does not favor herbivorous forest animals. To avoid being eaten by moose or hares, it accumulates a bitter, toxic substance in its leaves. This substance is a real protective agent.
IN folk medicine This flower is popular as a sedative for insomnia. It is also used for headaches.
Source(s) of information: Internet, encyclopedia
And what does it mean, will heal, sounded in the poem?
2 student .There are many medicinal plants in the forest. Hawthorn - lowers blood pressure, linden blossom - used for colds, strawberries - rich in many vitamins, rosehip is also rich in vitamins. Especially here in the north, many medicinal plants are useful, since people's health is poorer.
Teacher : Where do we buy medicine?
Students: At the pharmacy.
Teacher: But these medicinal plants grow in the forest.
So the forest is also
Teacher: How can it warm a person?
4 student. A person heats a house with wood, and the wood is trees that grew in the forest. That means forest.
Teacher . What do flowers, bushes, mushrooms, trees do in the forest? (They grow there)
What about animals, insects, birds? (They live)
This means the forest is home for them.
4.Working with the textbook p.106.
Teacher: -You have become acquainted with a new word for you, which is of great importance for the forest and people.
These are substances that are secreted by plant leaves. They kill pathogenic bacteria.
This is how important the forest is for humans and animals.
On the desk -THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FOREST
| PHARMACY |
| SOURCE OF CLEAN WATER AND FOOD |
| WOOD SOURCE |
| FUEL SOURCE |
| HOUSE FOR PLANTS, ANIMALS, MUSHROOMS |
| PROTECTOR OF AIR, WATER, SOIL |
5. What should a person remember when entering the forest?
A game. When I saw the fly agaric
I'm passing by friends. (Yes)
The chick fell out of the nest,
We can't touch him. (Yes)
Who collects lingonberries?
We tear out the bush by the roots. (not me)
Who is walking along the path?
Don't step on bugs? (I)
We don't break branches,
When we walk through the forest. (Yes)
We saw a hedgehog
And they took him home. (no)
We will find the anthill
Let's watch and leave. (Yes)
Narva lilies of the valley in the forest
I'll bring it to my mom for the holiday. (No)
Physical exercise.
Hands raised and shook
These are trees in the forest
Arms bent, hands shaken -
The wind blows away the dew
To the side of the hand, wave it smoothly -
These are the birds flying towards us
Let us show you how they sit down quietly -
The wings were folded back.
6. Conversation about nature conservation.
Teacher.
— Is a person always fair to the forest? Listen to the poem:
Sasha cried as the forest was cut down,
Even now she feels sorry for him to the point of tears.
There were so many curly birches here!
There because of the old frowning spruce
The red clusters of viburnum looked out.
A young oak tree rose there,
Birds reigned in the top of the forest,
All sorts of animals were lurking below.
Suddenly men with axes appeared.
The forest rang, groaned, and crackled.
The hare listened and ran away.
What environmental problem is discussed in the poem? (About deforestation).
— What other environmental problem can you name? (Illegal hunting-poaching).
On the desk.
— What other problems does the forest have?
2 student.
Man has long killed animals to get food, but this was necessary for the survival of people, but they killed as much as they could eat. Now, excessive hunting has led to the complete or almost complete extermination of some animal species. Currently, hunting of forest animals is limited, and poaching is punishable by law. Many species of rare animals are taken under protection, and plants and animals listed in the Red Book are under special protection.
Display of the Red Book.
This means another forest problem.
7 . Independent work (in groups)
Completing tasks in workbook no. 3 pages 51.What environmental problems are reflected in the pictures?
Completing tasks in workbook no. 4 page 51 Use the atlas key.
8.What depends on each of us when we come to the forest?
Why shouldn't you leave trash in the forest? Flow plastic bottles, bags, packaging film makes up 40% of the total household waste. Animals may be injured on bottles and cans.
. Why can't you make a fire? Animals and plants die. But this could not have happened. If a person follows the rules of making a fire and does not forget to extinguish it.
Listen to the poem "Forest Fire"
Forgetful hunter at rest
Didn't notice, didn't trample the fire.
He went into the forest, and the branches were burning out
And reluctantly smoked until the morning
And in the morning the wind dispersed the fogs,
And the dying fire came to life
And showering sparks in the middle of the clearing
Crimson rags spread out
He burned all the grass and flowers together
He burned the bushes and went into the green forest.
Like a frightened flock of red squirrels,
He darted from trunk to trunk.
And the forest was buzzing with a fiery blizzard,
The trunks fell with a frosty crack
And like snowflakes, sparks flew from them
Above the gray drifts of ash.
What human act became a terrible disaster for the forest?
But this might not have happened if the person had followed the rules for making a fire and had not forgotten to extinguish it and make sure that the fire did not flare up again. Let's get acquainted with the memo “how to make a fire” page 107.
Creative work No. 5 on page 52 (group work)
Working with SD Working in a group.
9. Summing up the lesson.
List the environmental problems of forests.?
From whom does the forest suffer first?
What should a person do to avoid reducing the number of forests?
How can we take care of the forests that are located near us?
Have we answered all the questions posed at the beginning of the lesson? (which are written on the board)
Reflection
What knowledge have you discovered for yourself?
Where can new knowledge be useful in life?
What did you do well in the lesson?
Which guys can you thank?
Students attach a flower petal of a certain color to the poster on the board, corresponding to the student’s mood and attitude towards the lesson.
— Did you like the lesson? What did you learn in the lesson?
The sun hides in the fog
Dense forest, goodbye!
You protected us from the heat,
He gave me living water to drink.
Gave me health and fresh strength
And he treated me to a treat.
You will grow to the joy of people!
We will be friends with you.
Good forest, mighty forest
Full of fairy tales and miracles!
A forest is an ecological complex system with many links. Trees, shrubs, lichens, grasses, mosses, fungi, animals and various microorganisms are all components of forests. Every plant or living creature is an integral part of the forest zone and is part of the food chain. Plants produce oxygen and sugar. Herbivores feed on plants and distribute their seeds. And predators feed on these herbivores.
Thus, the forest is the basis for the life of the animal world within. Rivers, streams and various lakes are also an important component of the forest.
(Bamboo forest)
Forests grow in different conditions, both cold and hot. Forests include not only coniferous, deciduous, mixed and evergreen. Jungles, taiga, jungles and other green spaces are also forests. Natural and artificial forests are distinguished. The creator of the first is nature, and the second is man. Today forests occupy 1/3 of the land, although in the distant past forest lands were much more numerous.
The importance of forests in nature
In nature, forests are of great importance. They contain many plant species and a large number of animals and microorganisms. In addition, forests perform a number of natural tasks. One of them is the production and purification of oxygen. The amount of oxygen produced by one tree is enough for three people.
Another significant function of forests in nature is to reduce dust levels. Every year, 1 hectare of forest stops up to 100 tons of dust. Forests are regulated and improved water balance bodies of water located inside or near the forest. This occurs due to the fact that the forest litter accumulates moisture formed in spring period. It is this that helps maintain the full flow of rivers and reservoirs.
The forests serve as sound insulation; they can reduce the noise level from the road by 11 decibels. Forests prevent strong winds, increase humidity and air quality, and can also soften the climate. They serve as an air filter, purifying the air from harmful chemical substances. An important function of forests is to protect the soil from mudflows, landslides and various geological processes.
The importance of forests in human life
The forest has always played a huge role in human life. Today, the importance of forests is only increasing due to the fact that their number is noticeably decreasing. The role of forests in human life can be divided into three components - environmental, economic and social.
The environmental role lies in the quality environment and conservation of nature. Any living creature needs vital conditions for life. It is trees that contribute to the fact that modern people breathe clean air and have the opportunity to exercise agriculture and benefit from it.
For modern people, the forest plays an important economic role. The wood from which they are made grows in the forests. Construction Materials, paper, furniture, wood fuel, food, material and medicinal products.
The main material resource is wood. But berries, mushrooms and medicinal plants that grow only in forests are also in demand by humans. Despite the fact that people are looking for a replacement for forest resources, wood will always be in demand. Fossil fuels that replace wood are running out and are much more expensive than wood. Replacing paper bags with plastic ones has caused great harm to the earth's cover due to the fact that plastic is not recycled. The timber industry often becomes a city-forming activity and requires large number workers and equipment. Therefore, the role of forests will always be very important both for the environment and the modern world.
The social role of the forest lies in the fact that it is a historical link. Forest is an element of the development of peoples, their cultures and attitudes towards nature. Since ancient times, the forest has been a source of resources necessary for survival - here you can find food, water, and shelter. Folk songs, fairy tales and stories always play an important role in forests. Today, forests serve as a place for people to relax, relax and breathe fresh air.
