In this article, we explain in detail what "technosphere safety" is, we will give a definition, we will tell about the history of the specialty, we will provide legislative acts of the Russian Federation and give recommendations on whether to learn in this direction. We also explain to those who work in the direction of "technospheric security" and whether the specialty "technosphere security" receive.
Let's start ...
Technosphere security is Direction of training specialists in the field of labor protection, and industrial safety of technological processes and industries both under normal conditions and in an emergency.
So what is this specialty "Technosphere Safety" and what you need to know first?
- this is the main specialty that needs to be obtained by a labor protection specialist to carry out its activities. You will understand this if you read this article to the end;
- this enlarged direction of training among labor protection specialties Such as "safety of technological processes", "safety of technological production", "protection in emergency situations", "Environmental protection" and so on. Therefore, it is this specialty that we recommend to receive first of all the future, as well as the current labor protection professionals.
The specialty is suitable for those who want to deal with security issues in manufacturing, industrial safety, fire safety, environmental safety. Graduates under this specialty in a short time occupy senior positions. For example, become managers of labor protection services.
Due to the fact that the state pays special attention to the issues of labor protection in the enterprise, the demand for this specialty significantly exceeds the proposal. Therefore, there will be no problems with employment. So, it is enough to go to any vacancies website to make sure that.
Who to work with the specialty "Technosphere Security"?
Persons who have been trained in the specialty "Technosphere Safety" can work in the following professions:
- Specialist in labor protection;
- Ecologist's engineer;
- Specialist of supervisory organizations in the field of labor protection and fire safety
- Specialist of expert organizations in the field of labor protection, industrial and fire safety (conducting expert assessment of working conditions, examination of labor safety, legislation, training according to and so on.)
So, what is this specialty "Technosphere Safety"? All professions of this specialty are not related to physical labor. The necessary skills are first of all, to know legislation in the field of labor protection, comply with job descriptions and regulations. Analytical abilities of the employee must be at the average level. Data professions are universal. They combine both humanitarian and technical skills. The choice of who to work for this specialty is yours!
Specialty "Technosphere Security", Realship
Labor protection specialist - This is the most sought-after profession. You can read about this profession on the page.
Engineer Ecologist - This is a specialist who deals with the preservation of the environment. In the process of its activities, the environment studies the state of the earth's surface, assesses the impact of harmful substances to the atmosphere. Ecologist can work as in environmental protection enterprises, in educational institutions and health. Currently, the profession of Ecologist's engineer is considered not very popular, but due to the fact that the state began to pay special attention to the problems of ecology, the ecologist's profession in the future will be more in demand.
Specialist of supervisory organizations - This is actually the profession "State Inspector for Labor". The labor inspector is an employee of the Labor Inspectorate. He conducts verification of enterprises to comply with legislation in the field of labor protection. The profession of labor inspector in the specialty "Technosphere Safety" is in demand.
Specialist of expert organizations - This is primarily an expert in assessing working conditions in enterprises. Because Special assessment of working conditions should be held all enterprises, so this profession is in demand.
Conclusion: Specialty "Technosphere Safety" is very in demand! You have enough to make your choice who work in the specialty "Technosphere Safety". And then
What is the salary of specialists in "technospheric security"?
When choosing any profession, it is necessary to determine how interesting it will be interesting and what will be paid. "Technosphere Safety" - What is this specialty and what is the salary? We answered the first question. As for remuneration, it can be said that it is higher than in other specialties.
Remuneration of "Technosphere Safety" as of 2019 according to the siteHeadhanter.:
The average salary of a labor protection specialist:
Moscow and St. Petersburg - 50-90 thousand rubles
In the northern region of Russia - 50-70 thousand rubles
In the Central Region of Russia - 25-35 thousand rubles
Ecologist's average salary:
Moscow and St. Petersburg - 35-50 thousand rubles
In the northern region of Russia - 35-40 thousand rubles
In the Central Region of Russia - 15-25 thousand rubles
The average salary of the state inspector of labor:
Moscow and St. Petersburg - 55 thousand rubles
In the northern region of Russia - 40 thousand rubles
The average salary of the expert on a special assessment of working conditions:
Moscow and St. Petersburg - 45-65 thousand rubles
In the northern region of Russia - 40-50 thousand rubles
In the Central Region of Russia - 30 thousand rubles
Does it need a labor protection professional training on technical safety?
If you are going to work, or already work as a labor protection specialist, you may have a question: Does the specialty "technosphere safety"? We will try to answer.
Currently, a labor protection specialist must conduct its activities strictly in accordance with. It has a mandatory requirement for a specialist position. Considering the position of a labor protection specialist have the right to face the highest or secondary education on labor protection. In the absence of proper education on labor protection, the specialist must
Output:
If you wish to work as a labor protection specialist, you just need to education on labor protection in the direction of "Technosphere Safety"!
If you are already working as a labor protection specialist in the organization, then you just have a specialty in a diploma "Technosphere security" or similar to labor protection, for example, "safety", "safety of technological processes and industries" and so on.
The history of the specialty "Technosphere Safety", its significance
You have already learned what "technosphere security" is, now we will tell about the history of this specialty. Back in the distance 2003 Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation of September 30, 2003 N 276-st Entered into force All-Russian classifier specialties for education (oxo)OK 009-2003. It is designed to order and ease of accounting of specialties in the Russian Federation.
The following oakry codes will be interested in labor protection specialist:
Specialty code for training
280100 Life safety
280101 Safety of life in the technosphere
280102 Safety of technological processes and production
280103 Emergency Protection
280104 Fire safety
280201 Environmental protection
At that time, the training "Engineer", "Ecologist Engineer", or simply "engineer" or "engineer" could be assigned to persons who completed training.
In connection with the transition of higher professional education of the Russian Federation to international educational standards, deadlines and titles of higher education qualifications changed. There was a bachelor and a learning date for 4 years and a magistracy + 2 years. Therefore, it was necessary to bring the specialty referred to in Okay to the international standard, and indicate which professions from oxo will correspond to undergraduate, and which magistracy.
In this regard, came out Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation 17.09.2009 N 337 "On approval of lists of directions for the preparation of higher vocational education"which lists all possible specialties for undergraduate and magistracy.
The first mention of the specialty "Technosphere Safety" appeared in this order with a qualification code of 280700. It is indicated that in this direction they are prepared both bachelors and masters.
The direction of the preparation of higher education "Technosphere Safety" was equated to the specialties on labor protection from Okay. So, according to Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of February 17, 2011 No. 201 The following compliance of the direction of preparation of higher professional education is established:
Order 337 of 17.09.2009. Resolution of 276-art dated September 30, 2003 (Oxo)
| Technosphere security | = | 280101 | Safety of vital activity in the technosphere |
| 280201 | Environmental protection | ||
| 280102 | Safety of technological processes | ||
| 280103 | Emergency protection | ||
| 280104 | Fire safety | ||
| 280200 | Environment protection | ||
| 280202 | Engineering Protection of the Environment |
In 2013, the change of the order of 337 of 17.09.2009 was released Order 1061 dated September 12, 2013 with an updated list of specialties. From the point of view of our specialty, this order did not change anything other than the code of preparation. The direction of the training code "Technosphere security" 280700 changes to the codes 03/20/01, 04/20/01 and 20.06.01.
Emergency situations of natural and man-made character became the scourge of modern society. It is for this reason that the training of emergency protection professionals is one of the most important tasks of dazz working in the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Profile schools are willing to begin training specialists in the field of protection in emergencies are ready to take students after grades. But it is possible to get an education in this specialty not only in the schools of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, but also in other secondary educational institutions.
Nine-graders who received training for this specialty will have to adhere to 3 years 10 months. In the event that they choose correspondence or evening training, the term of study will increase to 5 years 4 months. For those who plan to receive a specialty in advanced program, the learning time will be 1 year more. An additional year of study will allow graduates to solve the organization's tasks in the field of professional activities.
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Upon completion of training, graduates will receive a qualification technician rescuer. With such qualifications, they can work by profession:
- Driver of a car, all-pass, aerosas and other motor vehicles;
- Diver
- Gas cutter, gas carrier;
- Fireman or fire paratrooper;
- Rescuer
To fulfill professional tasks, students will have to learn:
- Collecting and processing information about emergency situations, including on places of emergency development;
- Conduct operational planning, organization and implementation of measures related to the elimination of the effects of emergencies;
- Engage in monitoring and forecasting the development of the situation on potentially dangerous sites;
- Perform work on the prevention and prevention of emergence of emergencies;
As part of training for students, practical classes are organized. Practice Students pass in the Ministry of Emergency Situations, detachments of decisive search and rescue detachments, etc.
Upon completion of training, students undergo final certification. Certification can be carried out or in the form of a diploma work (project) or in the form of a state exam.
Salary of graduates of this specialty may amount to those below:
| Headhunter Vacancy |
| Headhunter Vacancy |
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3.5.1. Basic principles for ensuring the safety of the population and the territory of the Russian Federation
The security concept is based on the results of the analysis and summarizing the effects of emergency situations in our country and abroad, as well as achievements of science and technology in the field of public safety, economy and environmental facilities. Its main purpose is to achieve the most rational level of risk of emergency situations, decline to the minimum of damage to the economy, population losses and ensuring effective actions to eliminate the effects of emergency situations.
The successful solution of the tasks of ensuring the safety of the population and territories is achieved in the phased implementation of the large amount of organizational and technological measures, a significant part of which should be carried out in advance, that is, before an emergency. The development and implementation of measures to ensure safety in emergency situations is entrusted with civil defense and emergency management bodies (objects, local, territorial, regional, federal) unified state system of prevention and emergency response system (RSCS).
At the first stage, potential sources of emergency situations are detected in the relevant territory or enterprise and assess the risk of their occurrence. Revealing the dangers of a natural nature, primarily evaluate the potential possibility of earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, ecological catastrophes and mass infectious diseases.
Potential sources of emergency situations in the technosphere are detected using the "zero risk" principle. It is that on most of the economic facilities, despite the measures taken, there is always a possibility of maniogenous emergencies (deviation from zero). Based on the probabilistic analysis, potentially dangerous productions are identified, sites of work, and in settlements - potentially dangerous objects of production.
At the second stage, the consequences of the impact of possible emergencies on the population and subordinate territories are predicted. This uses techniques developed for each type of emergency taking into account the peculiarities (specifics) of the region.
In the third stage, it is possible to choose, justifying and implementing the following activities to ensure safety in an emergency:
1) the implementation of the complex of preventive measures to prevent emergency situations and reduce damage from them;
2) the organization of the protection of the population and its livelihoods in emergency situations;
3) ensuring the sustainability of the work of economic facilities in emergency situations;
4) Organization of emergency and rescue and other urgent works in the foci of damage, zones of infection, flooding and fires.
A set of measures to prevent emergency situations and reduce damage from them contains:
Control and prediction of dangerous natural phenomena and negative consequences of people's economic activities;
Notification of the population and controls of the RSCS links about the danger of emergency;
Planning actions to prevent emergency situations and the elimination of their consequences;
Training in emergency situations;
Accumulation and maintenance in the readiness of individual and collective remedies.
All species listed preventive measures should be performed in advance to ensure more reliable protection of the population and territory.
Protection of the population B.
Before the emergence of an emergency, the accumulation of individual and collective protection is carried out, there are plans to evacuate the population in all types of emergency situations, and during an emergency they are used.
The steady work of economic facilities in an emergency is provided in two directions:
1) the implementation of the requirements of the design standards in the construction of new economic facilities;
2) the introduction of measures to increase the sustainability of the existing business objects.
Ensuring the sustainability of emergency situations under construction of business facilities is carried out using special design standards, state standards and sectoral requirements. The second direction of ensuring the sustainability of the work of economic facilities in an emergency is implemented by implementing a complex of activities on existing business facilities in order to increase the sustainability of the functioning of weak elements of the engineering and technical complex, management systems, supply and other parties to the activities of economic facilities. To do this, all potentially dangerous economic facilities periodically constitute a security declaration and conduct research sustainability for each of the possible types of emergency. Emergency and rescue and other urgent work (ASDNR) are carried out in the elimination of the effects of an emergency in the shortest possible time using all forces and RSFs. These works are planned in advance, because In the event of an emergency situation of natural, technogenic or military-political nature, foci of lesion, contamination zones, flooding, fires are formed.
Ensuring the sustainability of the work of economic facilities in an emergency is carried out in advance. Emergency and rescue and other urgent work are planned in advance, but are implemented in eliminating the effects of an emergency.
3.5.2. Detection of sources of emergency situations and forecasting their consequences
To predict the effects of strong explosions, earthquakes and catastrophic air movements, a typical technique is used to determine the scale and possible consequences of strong explosions, earthquakes, a catastrophic air movement.
Initially, the magnitude of the striking factors expected in the event of these types of emergencies, i.e. The value of ΔP f (overpressure in the front of the air shock wave, kPa), the force of the earthquake (in points), the speed of the hurricane, a tornger, storms (in m / s). There is a mathematical apparatus for calculating the value of ΔP f, depending on the strength (power) of the explosion, its type, depending on the removal of the point of interest from the center of the explosion. The power of the earthquake, the speed of air movement under hurricanes, tornads, storms are set or predicted by the hydrometeorological service of the RSCs.
Then compare the expected value of the striking factor with reference data in Table 7 is given the characteristic of the lesion focus.
Using the results of the comparison, on maps or schemes of economic facilities, settlements, areas, cities depict the focus of possible defeat.
In the case of strong explosions and earthquakes, the focus of possible damage is depicted in the form of a concentric circle around the center (epicenter) of the explosion (earthquake), and in case of emergency situations associated with the catastrophic air movement - in the form of a proper and incorrect form.
The shape and size of foci of lesion generated in the event of large-scale fires of man-made origin, depend on the following factors:
Fire danger production;
The degree of fire resistance of buildings and materials;
Building density;
Weather conditions.
The fire danger of production is determined by the technological process, the type of finished product of the enterprise, the characteristic of the engineering and technical complex of the object and other factors.
Five categories are assigned to objects: A, B, B, D. Objects of the oil and gas industry are usually applied to category A, because are one of the most dangerous fires.
Fire resistance of buildings and structures is determined by the ability to fire their elements and the limits of fire resistance of any parts of buildings, structures. The limit of fire resistance is the limit in hours from the start of the impact of fire on the design before the formation of cracks in it or the temperature in it is 200 ° C, or before the design collapse. There are five degrees of fire resistance of buildings and structures: I, II, III, IV, V.
Defense density is the percentage of the total area occupied by all buildings and structures of enterprises, to the total area of \u200b\u200bthe territory of the economic object.
With the density of the development of less than seven percent of fires practically do not apply, because Between buildings and buildings long distances. At the density of the building, equal to 7-20%, separate fires may occur. With the density of development, more than 20% usually arise solid, mass fires and a fiery storm.
The RSCHA governing bodies on the economic facility analyze the available data and determine the location of possible foci of burning, as well as all factors affecting the spread of fires, and then on maps or schemes depict possible lesions during intensive fires.
Table 7.
Characteristics of the zones of a possible lesion
Specialty 20.02.02. "Emergency protection"
(Qualification - rescuer technician)
Rescuer - profession of century
It is not easy for employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.Many different incidents happen: earthquakes, floods, terrorist acts, careless handling of gas and household appliances, traffic accident, slammed from a draft door, behind which there were little children, and even a cat, stuck between the bars of the lattice ...In any emergency, we recruit the number 01 and look forward to the minibus with an orange stripe, from which people will come out, whose profession save and help.
Profession "Rescuer"it appeared long ago, but it was not allocated in a separate specialty, and she was not taught in educational institutions. In Russia, there were fire, divers, industrial climbers, the rescue service on water. And only at the beginning of the nineties we had the first search and rescue detachments. In consequence, they were enlarged, transformed and on December 27, 1995, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Emergency Situations was created. The need for this profession emerged in connection with the continued sustainable trend of the growth of the number and extent of natural man-made emergencies.
Rescuer - one of the most interesting and courageous professions. Rescuer is a vocation. An indifferent person will not be able to risk their own life. The incentive for these people is saved human life.
Rescuers are a whole team working quickly and coordinated in difficult situations, because to dismiss the ruins, the elimination of brushes, extinguishing fires, the rescue of the sinking is required a lot of hands and equipment.
There is no day or night for the rescuer, they are always in combat readiness and come to the aid of the first call.
In the daily life of the accident, flood, natural disasters, environmental disasters and emergencies, fortunately, are not so often. However, work for rescuers is located on everyday life. They help in finding people who have lost themselves in the forest. Rescuers remove people from cars during road accidents. They remove fishermen with left ice floes. And the main award for them is gratitude to people who rescuers presented "the second life."
Mainthe motto of the profession of rescuers: "Survive and save!"
Profession rescuer - This is a heroic profession, dangerous, extreme, interesting and very necessary people.
Personal qualities: Mushroom, decisive, bold, brave, imperceptible people are in the rescuers. The applicants should have excellent physical training, good health, a stable nervous system. Military or sports past during employment will be a huge plus. A person who wants to master this profession should have a firm character, the power of the will, clear coordination of movements, the speed of reactions, the ability without a swing to move into intensive actions. It should be disciplined, hardy, responsible, be able to work in a team, to allocate its attention and plan actions, as well as be confident in the importance of its work.
Medical contraindications: nervous and mental illness, violation of the functions of the musculoskeletal system, diseases of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, sustainable impairment of vision and hearing, chronic infectious diseases, harmful habits.
Preparation of rescuer technicians is conducted in accordance with the Federal The state educational standard of secondary vocational education in the specialty "protection in emergency situations". Simultaneously with the main specialty, the student learns the profession "Firemen", as well as the driver of the category "B" and "C".
To prepare a specialist of this profile involves the study of many Professional and special disciplines:
Engineering graphics.
Technical mechanics.
Thermodynamics, heat transfer and hydraulics.
Electrical and Electronics.
Theory of burning and explosion.
Automated management and communication systems.
Psychology of extreme situations.
Medical and biological basis for life safety.
Metrology and standardization.
Legal basis for emergency-rescue formations.
Safety of vital activity.
Tactics of rescue work.
Organization of protection of the population and territories.
Potentially dangerous processes and production.
Emergency rescue equipment and equipment.
Basics of providing life and survival in emergency situations
Others.
Acceptance of students in the college is carried out with the obligatory passage of the Medical Commission.
Diseases are contraindicated for the profession "Emergency protection":
heart diseases or blood pressure disorders;
Neuropsychiatric disorders;
Convulsions, loss of consciousness;
Incorrect reduction in visual acuity;
Blooming disorder;
Hearing disorders;
Vestibular disorders, violation of a feeling of equilibrium;
Speech disorders;
Diseases of the spine, joints or lower extremities;
Chronic infectious diseases;
Allergies;
skin diseases;
respiratory diseases;
Diseases of the digestive organs;
Diabetes.
According to Occ. adjust training you can work:
In the structures of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia;
In the industrial safety sections of enterprises;
Search and rescue services;
At the enterprises of the municipal economy of cities and settlements;
In urban, district and regional environmental committees and environmental services of industrial enterprises.
Explosives, divers, firefighters, industrial climbers - they all are intended to save people during emergency rescue work, provide first medical care to harmful substances affected by accidents and poisoning, carry out work on the elimination of accidents, the effects of emergency situations.
It is impossible not to say about Universal Employees, each of which has more than ten different professions: the driver, parachute, parachora, gas welder, aqualant, fireman, etc. After all, the employees of this service are constantly faced with situations when it is impossible to wait for the arrival of a narrow specialist, it is necessary to urgently assist to save someone's life. The elite of domestic rescuers is the central aircraft rescue detachment of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation (Centz Raspas), whose fighters fly to the places of all the world's largest disasters.
For graduation of professionals there are breastplate signs of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia "Rescuer" of the International, first, second and third classes. Rescuers work on the schedule of day through three. About half of these days are on the departures, most of which are associated with an accident.
Career Perspectives - Become a commander of the unit. Many rescuers in their free duty time are engaged in other work on which their physical training and professional skills are required (for example, industrial mountaineering).
The area of \u200b\u200bprofessional activities of graduates in the specialty "Protection of Emergency Situations": organization and work on the elimination of the effects of emergency situations; Planning and implementing measures to prevent accidents and disasters of natural and technogenic nature and reduce their negative consequences; Maintenance, repair and storage of emergency rescue equipment, equipment and gear.
The rescuer technician must have professional competencies corresponding to the main types of professional activities:
Organization and performance of work in emergency rescue units in emergency situations.
Collect and process operational information about emergency situations.
Collect information and evaluate the situation at the place of emergencies.
Emergency planning activities to eliminate emergency consequences.
Organize and perform actions to eliminate the effects of emergency situations.
Ensure the safety of personnel when performing rescue work.
Organization and implementation of measures to predict and prevent emergency situations.
Monitor potentially dangerous industrial facilities.
Monitor natural objects.
Predict emergency situations and their consequences.
Perform a promising emergency response planning.
Develop and conduct measures to prevent emergency situations.
Organize carrying service in emergency rescue formations.
Repair and maintenance of emergency rescue equipment and equipment.
Organize operation and regulatory service of emergency and rescue equipment and technology.
Organize repair of technical means.
Organize conservation and storage of technical rescue and motor vehicles.
Organize taking into account the operation of technical means.
Providing vital activity in emergencies.
Plan the life support of rescue units in emergencies.
Organize the priority life support of the affected population in emergency zones.
Ensure the survival of personnel and affected in various emergency situations.
Availability of hostels:
Mailing address of the hostel:
Republic of Tatarstan, Tetyushi, ul. Frunze, 23V,
Republic of Tatarstan, Tetyushi, ul. Malkina, 32.;
The number of places in hostels - 100.
The number of employees in the hostels - 8 people.
In college there are sports sections on basketball, volleyball, badminton, table tennis, football, easy athletics, student newspaper "Pedagogue and Prestige", Web-Design Studio, Folk Instrument Orchestra, Literary-poetic Club "Inspiration", a news Internet channel works "Like-TV" successfully function creative teams, repeated winners of district, republican, Russian competitions, participants of various festivals and holidays: Russian vocal-pop ensemble "Fantasy", Chuvashsky vocal ensemble "Merchants", Mordovian vocal-pop group "Vald Vaima, "Tatar Vocal Ensemble" Salen ".
Security
Kind of activity
Risk, experience yourself
Short description
Rescuer- This is a rescue specialist in emergency situations(for example, flooding, earthquake, accident, etc.). Upon arrival in place of disasters conduct exploration - Comprehensively assess the situation at the scene in order to draw up an optimal plan for salvation of people. Then they Organize search and evacuation People are found and removed from the wounded slaves, provide them with first aid.
After the rescuers ensure the safety of people, they proceed to elimination of the consequences of the catastrophe - For example, it is cleaned with the soil of emissions of harmful substances or remove the drenches after earthquakes. Rescuers arrive not only to the places of large catastrophes or natural disasters. Rescuers help individual people who fell into a dangerous situation. For example, take out sinking out of the reservoirs, remove people from the breakaway ice floes, remove drivers from cars in an accident, find in the woods.
Where to study
Directions of education:
Technosphere safety and environmental protection (20.00.00)
Colleges, technical schools, colleges:
01/20/01 - fireman
- Technical fire and rescue college number 57. Hero of the Russian Federation V.M. Maximchuk (TPSC No. 57)
- Technical fire and rescue college number 57. Hero of the Russian Federation V.M. Maximchuk (TPSC No. 57)
- Suburban College "Energy" (PC "Energy")
