It is easier to get lost in the forest easier, even if you have been in it many times. If you do not imagine how to go back, and the sun has long exceeded the zenith, then the right thing is to break the camp. For the most secure and safe nights in the forest, build temporary shelter, it will make you quietly for the forest inhabitants, tightened from the rain and wind.
If you split such a shelter in an open area, equipping it by signal signs, then the rescuers will be much easier to notice it, rather than lonely standing person.
Choosing a place:
- When choosing a place for your shelter, try to avoid river shallows, lowland shores near water, in the rivers of dry rivers and other places, which have the likelihood of flooding your shelter when lifting water levels due to rain. Any lowland is a place of cluster of cold air flows, break the camp in such a place - a bad idea.
- In order to avoid trouble during a thunderstorm, it is worth avoided and hills, such as the peaks of the mountains and hills. In addition, your shelter will be subject to a strong wind.
- Do not place the camp next to the animal trails - you will interfere with each other. Try not to litter around the camp, it can also create a lot of problems with local inhabitants. Keep your things in an inaccessible place for a beast, for example, hanging on the tree. Stay away from anthills and rotten or dumpy trunks of trees that can fall into windy weather.
- Try to choose the place to have access to both water, and to firewood for a fire.
The choice of shelter site also depends on the nature of the area:
- In Tundra and Taiga, choose the most dry places away from the marshes, preferably on the rocky or sandy sublime soil.
- In the steppes your task is to protect yourself from the wind, then choose the place behind the hill. If you picked up mosquitoes and costs hot weatherYou can choose a sublime place in the wind.
- In the deserts and mountains, day and night temperatures will vary greatly, it means you need to provide protection from both heat and cold.
To save forces and time, it is possible to use the peculiarities of the area as a helping in the organization of shelter, for example, a trunk of a broken tree. Just definitely check the tree not falling on you finally.
Here are some visual ways to make a very simple canopy:
- Unilateral:
- Bilateral:
- Inclined - The advantage of it is that such a canopy preserves heat and protects against wind, and it is not necessary to build a third wall:
If you have a tent or, you can build a more reliable shelter. For the greatest strengthening of windproof and heat-power security qualities, vegetable material and awning can be combined.
More options for installing shelter using awning:
The roof over your head you managed to do, but what to sleep on?
In no case do not lie down on bare ground! You risk not only freezing, but also to get serious diseases due to supercooling.
Surely in the radius of your parking there is a dry grass or moss, stems of rubbish or sources - these soft materials will serve you and a mattress and a blanket. For the maximum distance from the cold soil under the soft layer, you can impose thin elastic branches. The more they are, the softer will sleep.
The main thing, remember that such a shelter is a way to preserve your life in extreme situations, wearing branches and chop shrubs for the sake of entertainment - it's not a noble thing!
Take care of the forest, and one day he will help you out!
Survive in the forest is not so simple, if you, of course, do not have a long experience of survival. Of course, in our age of high technologies is difficult to get lost in the forest with different GPS technologies, but what should I do if you hit an accident, and the nearest settlement is not closer than 100 km? Or did you crash somewhere in the taiga, and your phone broke? In this situation, our advice on survival in the forest will help you. If you carefully read our site, then you know that we have already raised many questions, so we will simply refer to them here.
The article will be divided into subparagraphs, or rather the sequence of actions that you will need to take. So, let's begin.
Plan
After you find yourself in the forest and understand that you can't get out quickly, then it's time to think about the shelter. Experienced survival holders put this item to first place, because the shelter helps to solve many problems. Make it yourself just just in the usual forest.
So, if you hit the forest in the winter, then for a start it is worth following simple rules. We have already written detailed articles on this topic:
- Emergency night in the winter forest
Having studied these instructions now, you can hold out much longer when you are in such a situation.
In these articles, everything is worn to the smallest action. Now you know how to build a shelter in the forest at any time of the year. Next, it is worth thinking about how to warm.
Kostov species - Simple and complex ways of ignition
Of course, alcohol and other traditional methods are a good way to warm, but not in the forest, in which it is not clear how much you will remain. Therefore, you need to learn how to breed a fire, almost all available methods. But for a start, a little theory of the rules and what bonfires are.
After examining this material, you will understand how to make a bonfire, and what is needed for this.
Food mining
Shelter and bonfire is certainly good, but you want to eat everyone and always. Now we need to know where to take food in the forest and how to determine - it is fresh or not. On this topic, I have already published articles:
We will not be fed up with berries, so you often have to hunt. In this situation, you should read the article - cutting moose, boar, hare, because you can suddenly catch someone.
After you decide a question with food, perhaps you want to make homemade dishes with your own hands.
Homemade dishes in the forest
The manufacture of dishes is the second, because with a great desire to eat, hands can become a tool for eating food. But if you are stuck in the forest thoroughly and you have time, you can make yourself dishes. In my article - how to make dishes in the forest with your own hands you will learn how to make simple spoons and bowls.
Devices for mining
Above, I wrote that in the forest you can and need to extract meat. Of course, it is competent to do it with the help of weapons, but most likely you will not have it. Therefore, you will have to get meat with your own hands. In this we will greatly help the traps of the Western, which we will have to learn how to do, after all, to catch naked hands even a hare is not easy. You will also be useful for you to read about hinges hunting traps, which will also help catch the beast.
If you know how it is all done, even in the simplest form, then surely, you chances to get the food will be much higher.
Water mining and purification
Water is just necessary in the forest, otherwise it will be very difficult, good in the forest to get water is not as difficult as in the desert. How to find water in the forest you can read in my article - how to find, get and clean the water while in the forest. Additionally, I advise you to familiarize yourself with the material - filtering, disinfection and storage of water.
Forest exit - orientation in the forest.
So, this is the outcome point in which you will learn how to get out of the forest. At the time of the exit you must be able to breed fire, get food and water.
To begin with, it is worth stopping and not to take further action. Sit on the pencils and think about the landmarks (railway road, lake, river), which you could see before. Recall the direction of movement, for example, relative to the sun or moon. Further, it is worth listening, because the noise of the tractor can be heard over 3 kilometers, railway roads for 10 km, and barking dogs for 2-3 km.
If everything is in vain, then just go on the river to the river, and the river should take you to people. If there a big tree And there is a desire to climb it, then look around. Also worth paying attention to the road, if you see that there is a path, let's feel free on it. The main thing is to determine in which direction you need to move. If you are still stumbled on the branches, then most likely it is a beast path. If there is a fork on the road, then it is better to go on the one that is more protopant.
Now about the orientation. If you know about where to move (for example, I looked up to the entrance to the forest its approximate position relative settlements), then you can try:
It is worth remembering that many "wandering" walk around, because a person is so arranged that often the right foot makes a wider left and, accordingly, it turns out a circle, so it's worth doing serfs and create benchmarks.
Now let's talk about animals. You can meet in the forest of animals, however, with more probability, they will be learned about you earlier and just go away. The only thing they can attack you if:
- they were injured;
- scared by your appearance;
- protect their cubs.
In this situation it is worth escaping or try to snew an animal with fire. You can knock a stick about the tree. In any situation, of course, it is worthwhile to avoid direct contact with animals, because they can be infected.
On this, my article comes to an end. I tried to lay out everything that I thought it was necessary and that emphasized on other resources dedicated to survival. If you have questions - you can write in the comments.
From ancient times, the most important skill was the construction of dwellings. The dwelling saved people from the cold, heat, wild animals. Even now the tent is a mandatory object in the campaign. But if you were in an extreme situation, the shelter will have to find and equip himself. In this article, consider how to arrange a temporary refuge in the forest.
Classification of shelters
Shelters can be divided into the following types:
1) by the construction method. Open (canopy, flooring) and closed (dugout, vigvam, salas).
2) for the capacity. The shelter can be calculated for 1 person or a group.
3) for the purpose. Refuge can protect from cold, rain, snow, animal, insects.
4) by time use. Shelter may be temporary, used for overnight stay, prival, shelter from bad weather. Capital shelters can serve for long-term accommodation.
5) on the cost of strength. We are divided into prefabricated (as a rule, temporary asylums) and labor cost (capital, for a long time).
6) according to the materials used. For the construction of refuge, you can use many different materials:
- Fabric shelters (tent, canopy)
- Frame-fabric (wigvama, plague)
- frame-deciduous. In the absence of tissue, branches, herbs, fern are used to cover the refuge.
- Earth. Such shelters are digging in the ground.
- Snowy. The caves in the snowdrifts are rotated, the needle is erected from snow blocks.
- Stone.
7) by origin. There may be natural (caves) and man-made.
Summer forest shelter
Refuge consists of three main elements: gender, walls and roofs. Depending on the surrounding conditions, some of these elements can be discarded. Consider the main types of forest shelters in the summer.
Canopy is the easiest kind of asylum. It is raised quickly enough, but the functionality is strongly limited. Canopy can help hide from precipitation and no more.
To build a canopy, it will take polyethylene or a piece of matter. Find two nearby tree and attach a ceiling helper to them, or pull the rope. Top tap the polyethylene and press the ends with stones.
If there are no trees, there will be several poles to build up. 2 Gerie lean at an angle to get a triangle. It will serve as an entrance. From above on the formed a fork, put on the end of the 3rd pole, to put it on the ground with another end. At this helper, throw the film or fabric and press the stones.
Wigwam
It is a skeleton building. Can protect from rain, wind will help to warm up. If you are going to breed the fire, then take care of the hole for the exhaust.
For the construction you will need a fere. On the ground they are built around the circumference, and on top are connected to the bundle. The resulting design is covered with a film or cloth. If they are not at hand, then the bark of trees can be used as a covering material. It is beginning to be laid down and fasten with IV rods.
The frame can be built around the tree trunk. But in this case, inside the fire is not necessary.
Adygei house
To build this type of refuge, flexible branches will be required or shrub. Flexible branches must be carried into the ground with two parallel rows, and the tops can be born. There should be arches. On the arches, fasten the branches horizontally. The resulting crate put the bag.
If the terrain on which you want to build an Adygei house snapped by shrub, then instead of branches you can use nearby bushes. To do this, tie their tops and you feed everything between them.
Winter forest shelter
In winter, shelter can be pulled out right in the snow. It will take a snowdrift if it is not, then it is necessary to shit the snow into a bunch.
Trench
In deep snow, it is very convenient to pull the trench as a shelter. If you do not have tools, you can pull out with your feet. The width of the trench should be at least 1 meter, the length is depending on the underfloor material. Tear trench, put on top of the rafted, for this suitable skis, branches. From above, cover everything with a film, a cloth, and thump with snow with a thickness of 20 cm.
Cave in the snow
On the slopes with a very thick snow cover the most convenient to dig snow caves. Be sure to make sure that the location is minimized the chance of convergence avalanche.
For construction, get your legs in the snow and start digging the tunnel. The end of the tunnel hide a little at an angle to the top and expand it to the desired size. This will help warm air Laid inside.
Den
Another good shelter in the snowy forest is Bergów. It can be built in deep snow among the burver and root. Make sure the trees will not be shifted and proceed to the construction of asylum. Berlry is built by analogy with the cave.
Snow farm
The construction of a snowy straw is very similar to the construction of snow trenches. For a snowy straws need dense snow. With the help of hacksaw or other tools, snow plates are cut down, which are placed on top of the trench.
In order not to unwind in the comments, I will issue in the topic and feedback on Norda Publication, and your experience of the construction of winter shelters. First, on the shelter from polyethylene: why not? True, I have polyethylene causes some rejection due to masking characteristics, and it is uncomfortable in the aquarium. But it's all subjectively. In addition, using, for example, polyethylene, we obtain protection against telepusikov (l / a with thermal imagers).
Now about other types of winter shelters. Immediately make a reservation - all options for the forest (taiga, mountain and taiga zone). In the tundra, everything is tougher. If the bonfire can not be breeded (for reasons of disguise) and temperature up to -15 - -20, one-sided canopy for a group or a snowy trench for loner.
The snow is rareled to the ground, on the side, it is compacted, on the bottom of the laps, a rug, a sleeping bag. Top is a raincoat, the edges sprinkle with snow, it is possible to inspire snow from above. Inside - a candle. On the one hand, a snow wall from strangling, head to the entrance. Construction time - 20 min. To save the same tolls, only with the possibility of reviewing their sector, and not in sleeping bag, of course.
If the bonfire is allowed, there are many options. In the absence of an ax / saws, we make the shelter on the bent arc trees.
On the support, the thrust is superimposed (dry, a dog - everything that can be broken and saved by hands), covered with snow on top.
The input can be drinked by a tent. The construction time, depending on the size - 2-4 hours.
For long parking, the group will suit the "Chumik" - a skeleton shelter covered with a sweetheart, cloaks with a fire inside. Wanted by a quadrangle trees, thrust on the frame, the booth (a lot!). Construction time - from 4 hours.
"Chumik" for 6-8 people
At temperatures below -20, it is better to pose with snowy shelters of a closed type. In other high threat of frostbite. In general, there are many snow shelters, probably the most famous - needle, or a snowy hut. In the conditions of the middle band, it is very difficult due to the lack of a suitable snow. We had or press the snow, and then cut blocks, or cutting already extruded (a couple of times disassembled 200 ski meters). There are subtleties when building, for example, blocks are put on the ascending spiral. The slots are frozen outside.
In general, hemorrhoids, and refers to a needle to block shelter (i.e., insulation worse than that of closed). It is much easier to build a "snow hive".
It is built regardless of the depth and density of snow. Capacity - 2-3 people. Time to build - 2-3 hours. First hesitate to the selected place a bunch of snow, periodically its sealing, for example, using a cep-tent. Dimensions on the "Troika" - the diameter at the bottom - 4 m, the height of the heap is 1.5 m. After fastening and sealing the swing tunnel, not reaching the opposite wall from the wall from half the meter. Expand the blind end of the tunnel, making inside the vaulted room.
Nuances: digging and the beginning of the expansion of the tunnel is the most unpleasant. Snow lifted, it is necessary to scream with hands from underwheel. Clothes should be replaceable, preferably moisture protection top. Running lying on the rug. The most unpleasant thing is to break through the arch through, it is not close back. Therefore, thin twigs at a depth of 20-30 cm (the thickness of the arch) are stuck to control across the dome. As reached from the inside to the branch - it is good in this place. Inside there must be a dome, otherwise collapses. The inner surface is loaded, otherwise there will be droplets.
Pynik, rugs, sleeping bags. Heated with candles. Be sure to ventive! If heavy snowfall, periodically remove ventilation. A lot of treated in snow nora! Input from the inside to close the RD shock. The colder outside, the more comfortable inside. At temperatures above -10, it does not make sense, pulls on ventilation and in thin places.
The same shelter can be built without heating snow, if you find a snowdrift of a suitable depth, for example, in the reproduction in the ravine.
When building a shelter, do not forget: it is better to spend 4 hours to build and rest in comfort, than to spare something in an hour and 4 hours regret that it was generally born.
I continue overview of the construction and use of winter shelters. Conditions: Snow Pokrov 20 cm, the snow is fine-grained bulk, air temperature -8 with a decrease in the night to -12, the construction of the shelter type "Snow Beya" on the top of three people with a periodic distraction of one in hiking. Tools - small blades and cloak tents.
The snow is stupid on the selected level platform using a cep-tent before the formation of a snowpress height 1.5 and a diameter of 2.5 m. As the snow, the snow is compacted with its own weight and with the help of a cep-tent shape of the dome levels.
After preparing a heap from the leeward side, the tunnel rushes. Over all of the area of \u200b\u200bthe domes, landscape sticks are installed on a depth of 15-20 cm. The passage produces one person, optimally, so that it is dressed in "Shurhun", because Snow lifted on all sides. The blind end of the tunnel breaks through the center, after which it expands in all directions. The remaining outside extends the outside the snow.
It is necessary to monitor that inside the ceiling there is a vaulted shape, the flat will collapse. Upon reaching the ends of the beaches, the removal of snow in this area is stopped, the ceiling is neatly loaded. As the space increases - caution and accuracy, if the arch broke - all first, the holes are not closed.
At the entrance, the snow is cleared to the ground, inside the floor should be raised. In the dome - a small ventilating hole. At the end of clearing the inner space, the bonfire of minutes is incited in the ule, after which the flames of the walls are fatal, increasing the strength of the dome.
Inside - snapper, rugs, sleeping bags. The input from the inside is closed by the RD. The temperature inside rises with candles.
At temperatures on the street -11 inside the hives, the temperature was raised to +7. The colder it will be outside, the higher the temperature can be lifted inside, without fear of pulling the arch.
The construction time is unprepared by people - 3 hours. The construction time is reduced at greater depth of snow and the presence of snow (avalanche) shovel. For comparisons: in the same conditions in the folded snow, a two-layer tent - +3, in a closed one-sided canopy - -3. In shelter with a fire ("Chumik"), the temperature was raised to +12. The temperature was measured at the level of the bed.
Lovers of relaxation in nature need to know how to act in unforeseen situations, possess initial skills to survive and arrange the camp. This is especially true of those who love their vacation in nature in winter. Going to a hike in the winter in winter, you need to prepare in advance and take more useful things that will be useful. One of the important knowledge necessary for survival in the forest in the winter is to know how to warm up and do not freeze. It is necessary to build winter shelter and know how to warm it and build it.
Refuge in the forest: Features of the structure
Winter trips due to weather conditions have their own characteristics, and the construction of winter shelters differs significantly from the summer.
- In the winter, it is harder to find firming materials for the construction of asylum, and also find the right place to build it. In summer, this task is much easier.
- In winter, it's more difficult to warm up. If in the summer you just get enough to warm up at night, then in winter you need to maintain heat constantly.
- It is important to properly build asylum so that the design does not fall apart and correctly heat so that the heat is saved.
How to build a winter shelter with your own hands in the forest - a step-by-step instruction.
Search a place
The first with which it is necessary to determine the asylum - the right place. If you are in the forest, you will fit well:
If you are in the mountainous area.
- You need to choose a place resembling a cave, any major gorge in the mountains in order to fit freely.
- A flat platform is suitable if there is a tent or tarpaulin.
Tools for the construction of winter shelter
Deciding with the place, you need to move to the construction. Consider each case separately.
Forest area
To build a winter shelter in the forest, you need to decide with the type of asylum. The most suitable temporary shelter is a winter cave. An interesting paradox: to escape from snow and cold, you need to hide in the snow. If the selected location you have chosen or flat terrain, then you need to dig a pit.
Make sure the cave or pit fails and the place is reliable. Drop the pit of the desired length so that the desired number of people fit there. Along the walls make a small trench. With its help, the cold air will fall down and accumulate there. Remove all the snow out. The output can be covered with snow so that the wind falls inside less. If you are digging a hole on a flat locality, then the roof is to build from undergraduate materials.
If there is a tarp tissue, use it. With its absence - branches, leaves and everything that will find. In winter, finding something much more difficult than in summer. Your shelter is ready. If there is a tent, it must be installed on a more smooth surface and clean the place from branches and thickets.
Refuge in cleft
Mountain landscape
After deciding with the place (most likely, this is a gorge or cave), hide the necessary hole if necessary. If you find a real natural cave, you do not have to build yourself. Rules of asylum-cave as in the forest. It is necessary to further take into account that the gathering of stones or snow is possible. You need to make sure that you will not suffer if this happens. If there is a tent, install it on a flat surface, first cleaned the place of garbage. Make sure that it does not fall from the wind, as in the wind mountains is quite strong.
Refuge from snow
The next step is the heated winter shelter. Here the rules are united. Inside asylum you need to divide a bonfire from branches and sticks, but you need to follow so that it does not flaunt too much. Wet branches do not rush to throw away, try to cut or break them in half. Inside, they may be dry and burn better.
You may have taken candles, they will also fit. Any source of fire will warm shelter if it is designed hermetically. The feature of the heating of refuge from snow is that the snow starts the snow inside the grip and the walls become durable. At the same time, the process can form cracks, you need to blunt them with snow. The fire should not flaunt too much, you can suffer from fire.
Ideally, he must be small and form a lot of warm coal. Then heat will continue for a long time. Find stones and put them in a fire. They will create an additional heat on the principle of the furnace. We should not forget that you need to dry carefully things so as not to sit in wet things. So it will be more difficult to warm up.
Types of winter shelters
What other types of winter shelters do you know? Briefly about shelter types.
- Open asylum. These are natural caves, gorges. In the shelter there is an opening and it can be bludging. It is advisable to do it in case you plan to breed a strong bonfire, and if there is no strong thug.
- Closed shelter. Pits, "holes" in the slope of the mountain. Such asylum should be bludge away as little and be closed from all sides.
There are a few more useful SovietsThey fit in any situation in any terrain.
