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Text content of presentation slides: Russia is a multinational power. Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics 4th grade UMK " Primary School XXI century"N. F. VinogradovaV. I. VlasenkoA. V. Polyakov Derzhava (Old Slavic djerzha - power) - a symbol of the state power of the monarch, which was a golden ball with a crown or cross. Historically, the orb was the insignia of the emperors of the Roman Empire, depicting Earth and symbolizing power over the world. The power moved to Russia from Poland, where it was called jabłko (“apple”) and in the old days bore the names: “apple of the Tsar’s rank”; in Russia it was called the sovereign apple, all-powerful or autocratic and simply apple, also the power of the Russian kingdom. The orb (or sovereign apple) in the Russian Christian tradition symbolizes the Kingdom of Heaven and, often in medieval painting and iconography, Jesus Christ or God the Father was usually depicted with an orb. Jesus Christ in the iconography “Savior of the world” (Salvator mundi) holds a power that symbolizes the globe under his rule (the outlines of the continents are visible) POWER, powers, female1. Independent state, having an impact in international affairs(political official). Great powers. Small powers.2. State power, dominion (poet.). “Of course, king, your power is strong.” Pushkin.3. A golden ball with a cross at the top, which served as an emblem of the power of the monarch (source).4. A device for holding something, e.g. metal during processing (special). Ushakov’s explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940. Let's discuss it together. Let's remember the Russian anthem. Russia is our sacred power! Russia is our beloved country! Mighty will, great glory - Your property for all times. Glory, our free Fatherland - An age-old union of fraternal peoples. This is the folk wisdom given by our ancestors. Glory, country! We are proud of you! From the southern seas to the polar region, our forests and fields stretch. You are alone in the world! You are the only one! Protected by God motherland.Hail, our free Fatherland - An age-old union of fraternal peoples. This is the folk wisdom given by our ancestors. Hail, country! We are proud of you! Wide scope for dreams and for life, The coming years open up for us. Our loyalty to the Fatherland gives us strength. So it was, so it is and so it will always be! Hail, our free Fatherland - An age-old union of fraternal peoples. The people's wisdom given by our ancestors. Hail, country! We are proud of you! Work from the textbook pp. 7 - 8 June 12 December 12 Day of Russia Constitution Day of the Russian Federation How it all began. Ancient Rus'. The Old Russian state arose in Eastern Europe in the last quarter of the 9th century. as a result of the unification of the two main centers of the Eastern Slavs - Kyiv and Novgorod At the head of the Old Russian state, also known as Kievan Rus, Ancient Rus', there was the Rurik dynasty, the foundation of which was laid by the legendary Varangian - Rurik. The history of the Rurik dynasty is full of great achievements, fascinating and instructive episodes, offensive mistakes, strange secrets and riddles, the solution of which scientists have been struggling for several centuries. The Polyans lived in the forest-steppe along the middle reaches of the Dnieper. At the mouth of the Desna River lived the northerners (Chernigov). To the west of the glades on the right bank of the Dnieper are the Drevlyans. Between the Pripyat and Western Dvina rivers, the Dregovichi settled (from the word “dryagva” - swamp), who along the Western Dvina were adjacent to the Polotsk people (from the Polota River, a tributary of the Western Dvina). To the south of the Bug River were the Buzhans and Volynians. The area between the Prut and Dnieper rivers was inhabited by the Ulichi. Between the Dniester and the Southern Bug lived the Tivertsy people. The Vyatichi were located along the Oka River; to the west of them lived the Krivichi. The Ilmen Slovenes lived around Lake Ilmen. Map on page 12 of the textbook. The Eastern Slavs cultivated the land, were engaged in hunting, fishing, beekeeping and trade, and began to master crafts. The Slavs lived in small villages. Several villages of a clan or tribe made up a volost ruled by princes. They built fortified towns where the princes themselves, their squads, as well as merchants and artisans lived. Over time, expanding, the towns turned into relatively large cities, such as Ladoga on Lake Ladoga, Izborsk and Pskov on the Great Lake, Novgorod, Smolensk, Polotsk, Kyiv. The largest cities in Eastern Europe were Novgorod and Kyiv, located at key points on the famous route “from the Varangians to the Greeks,” the main trade route of the Slavs. It brought a lot of income to local residents. The path “from the Varangians to the Greeks” went from the Baltic Sea to the Neva River, then to Lake Ladoga (Nevo), along the Volkhov River to Lake Ilmen, along the Lovat River to the Volkhov Forest and then along the land to the upper reaches Dnieper. And from there, merchant ships fled to the south. The only serious geographical obstacle on the Dnieper was the famous rapids. Having overcome them by dragging, the merchants rushed to the Black Sea and went to Constantinople. The Varangians offered cloth and canvas, linen and iron products, tin and lead, amber and seafood in the markets of the Byzantine state. The Slavs laid out bread and furs, timber and lard, cattle, horses, and slaves on the shelves. In Constantinople (as they called the city of Constantinople) they bought pavolok (Greek silk fabric, very durable), gold and silver jewelry, wine, and fruit. Homework: pp. 13 - 16 http://itishistory.ru/1i/1_istoria_1.php http://www.yaklass.ru/materiali?mode=lsntheme&subid=1&themeid=159 https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ %D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0 %B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B5 http://900igr.net/kartinki/obschestvoznanie/Rossijskaja-Konstitutsija/045-Rossijskaja-Konstitutsija.html Zakharova Irina Anatolyevteacher of the first qualification category, Municipal Educational Institution "Spasskaya Basic Secondary School"
Methodological development of lesson notes
according to ORKSE
“Russia is a multinational state”
Performed:
Karpova Evgenia Sergeevna,
Primary school teacher
GBOU School No. 2083
(JV "Erino"), TiNAO
Moscow 2015
Topic: “Russia is a multinational state”
Target: create in students an image of Russia as a great multinational state.
Tasks:
Educational:
- To acquaint students with the nationalities of the peoples living on the territory of Russia, with their national traditions, culture and languages;
- Expanding the horizons of students;
- To create in students a sense of involvement of each person in the fate of their homeland.
Educational:
- Develop interest in Russian history;
- Develop self-educational skills;
- Develop initiative and creativity.
Educational:
- Raising worthy citizens of their country;
- Cultivate respect for people of other nationalities.
Formation of UUD:
- Personal actions:be able to accept and understand such values as “Motherland”, “people”. Feel pride in your Motherland, show respect for state symbols, the national language and traditions of the Russian people. Develop educational and cognitive interest in new material, self-analysis and self-control.
- Regulatory Actions:be able to formulate a goal educational activities, draw up a plan for completing tasks, express your opinion with reason,analyze, reason, draw conclusions and conclusions.
- Cognitive actions:be able to obtain information from textual media and additional sources, be able to navigate it, pose a problem and solve it.
- Communication actions:be able to work in a group, participate in dialogue, listen and understand others, develop educational cooperation with the teacher and classmates.
Lesson type: a lesson in discovering new knowledge.
Equipment:
- Physical map of Russia;
- Table “Peoples of Russia”;
- Dolls in national costumes or photographs of folk costumes;
- Children's presentations on the topic;
- Audio recording of the song “My Motherland”;
- Audio recording of national songs and dances of the peoples of Russia “Round Dance”.
Bibliography:
- Selezneva E. I explore the world. – M.: Astrel, 2003.
- What's happened? Who it? – M.: Pedagogy – Press, 1992.
- Everything for the class teacher. – M.: Osnova, 2012.
Internet sites:
- -http://www.1september.ru/ru/ (Publishing house “First of September”)
- - http://vkids.km.ru/ (children's page “Cyril and Methodius”)
During the classes
An excerpt from the song “My Motherland” sounds:
I you he she-
The whole country together
Together a friendly family
In the word "we" -
One hundred thousand “I”s!
Big-eyed, mischievous,
Black, red and linen,
Sad and happy
In cities and villages.
Against the background of this song, the teacher and prepared students begin the story.
Teacher: Russia is the largest state in the world (I show it on the map(Slide 2) ). Its area is 17,098,246 square kilometers. To fly over Russia from east to west and get from the shores Pacific Ocean to the shores of the Baltic Sea, the plane will need at least 11 hours. When at one end of Russia they say “Good night!”, then at the other end of our homeland they answer: “With Good morning! From north to south the path is also long. From the cold Kola Peninsula(Slide 3) It takes three days to get to the North Caucasus by train, and you can meet people everywhere!
According to the latest census, about 142 million people live in the Russian Federation. All citizens living in our country are called Russians. But their nationalities are different.
Russia is a great multinational state. More than 180 nationalities, nationalities, and ethnic groups live on its lands.(Slide 4)
85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation became part of Russia on a voluntary basis.
These are 22 republics, 9 territories, 4 autonomous districts, the Jewish Autonomous Region, 46 regions and 3 federal cities: Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol.
Yes, many peoples live in our country, and they all form one friendly family. All people in our country have equal rights: women and men, young people and old people, people of any nationality and religion. This is how it is written about in the Constitution of the Russian Federation:(Slide 5) “The state guarantees equality of rights and freedoms of man and citizen, regardless of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, property and official status, place of residence, attitude to religion, beliefs, or membership in public associations.”
- Now let's all think together why peoples united into one big state?
- Students' responses are heard.
Teacher : I suggest you listen to L. N. Tolstoy’s fable(Slide 6) , and then, I think, everything will become clear to you.
“One old man had three sons. And they just couldn't get along together. The old man really wanted his sons to live in peace after his death. He decided to teach them this.
One day, their father called them to him and asked them to break a broom in half. First the eldest son tried, but no matter how hard he tried, nothing worked. The same failures befell the middle and junior ones. Then the father untied the broom and asked each son to break several straws. This, of course, they succeeded with ease.
Then the father said:
It’s the same in life. If you are together, then no one will break you, but separately you are as easy to defeat as breaking a couple of straws.”
Teacher: How do you understand why peoples united into one big state?
Students : Peoples united into one big state in order to become a powerful country, so that no one would want to attack and enslave them. And if something like this happens during the Great Patriotic War, then it will be easier for everyone together to defeat the enemy and cope with the disaster.
Teacher: How do people of different nationalities differ from each other?
Students: Firstly, people of different nationalities differ from each other in their national or native language. Secondly, national clothing, traditions, customs, national holidays, songs, cuisine, i.e., its culture. Thirdly, character, appearance.
Teacher: Do you know how it happened that all people, including in our country, speak different languages?
There is this biblical legend:
“One day people gathered together and said to each other: “Let us build ourselves a city and a tower, its height reaching to heaven...” Proud and wanting to glorify themselves, people zealously began construction. But the Lord did not like this. He looked at the city and the tower that they were building and said: “Behold, there is one people and they all have one language... and they will not deviate from what they are planning to do. Let us go down and confuse their languages there so that one does not understand the speech of the other.”
The Lord, as punishment, confused the language of people, making the speech of one incomprehensible to the other. People were unable to continue building the tower. Therefore, that place began to be called “Babylon”, i.e. "mixing". Then God scattered people throughout the whole earth.”
Every nation has its own native language. In Russia, people speak 100 national languages. For example, about 30 small nations live in Dagestan. Each nation speaks its own language, completely different from the language of its neighbors. But they can understand each other well if they speak Russian. It is the Russian language that helps people of different nationalities in the Russian Federation communicate with each other.
Peoples of the Far North,
Peoples speaking Finno-Ugric languages
The peoples of the Volga region and the Urals, speaking Turkic languages,
Peoples of Siberia and the Far East,
Peoples of the North Caucasus.
On physical map In Russia, the teacher shows the places of residence of each group of peoples.
The national melody of the peoples of the Far North sounds, performed on tambourines.
Student 1: (Slide 7) In the harsh conditions of the Arctic, where the polar night lasts six months, where the air temperature does not rise above zero degrees even in summer, the Chukchi and Nenets have lived from time immemorial. They are classified as small-numbered peoples of Russia.
Close your eyes and imagine yourself in the place of these peoples. On the street - 40. But in the dwelling, which is called a tent, no electrical appliances, No gas stove, water supply. The walls of the house are poles forming a dome, covered with animal skins. There is a fire burning in the middle of the house. People sit, lie, and sleep around him.
Students show photographs about the life of the peoples of the Far North.
Students 2: The Nenets and Chukchi travel either on reindeer or on dog sleds. Most often they eat stroganina (frozen fish meat). Despite the harsh conditions of the Arctic, they find the strength to be creative. Various amulets and amulets are carved from animal bones. Both peoples are Orthodox.
Dog sleds,
Reindeer sleds,
They sparkle on maltsy (malitsa - clothes made of deer skins)
Copper plaques.
The hunter shouts to the fisherman:
Eh-hey-hey!
My team
Yours quickly!
They hover over the plagues
Smokey fidgets,
Housewives bake here
Flatbread for lunch.
Teacher: thanks for interesting story. We give the floor to the expedition “Peoples speaking Finno-Ugric languages.”
The melody is performed by an ensemble of folk instruments.
Student 3: (Slide 8)
Peoples who speak Finno-Ugric languages include the Mari, Udmurts, Mordovians, Khanty, Mansi, Karelians, and Komi. They live in the Urals, in the northeast and north of Russia. All these peoples profess Christianity.
The most numerous people among them are the Mordovians. There are 1073 thousand of them, followed by the Udmurts - 747 thousand, the Mari - 644 thousand. The Komi are in fourth place - 336 thousand, the Khanty are in fifth place, 22 thousand. The Mansi have the smallest population, there are only 8 thousand of them.
Although the people are small, they are rich in traditions. This is what we managed to find out about one of the national holidays of the Mansi people.
The Mansi people have a holiday called “Bear”. Everyone is preparing for the celebration: women dress up in festive malitsa, embroidered with national patterns and multi-colored beads, men put on long shirts, belted with braid, and soft boots made of deerskin.
Students show illustrations of the national costumes of these peoples.
Student 4: (Slide 9) The roots of this national holiday go back centuries.
Once upon a time, many years ago, when people did not yet know how to make fire, a bear and his son looked at them from the sky. The bear son, wanting adventure, begged his father to let him go to people. Bear - the father agreed to let his son go, but on the condition that he would not rely on his father’s help, would overcome all difficulties himself, and would be fair with people. To make it easier for him, he gave him a bow, arrows and fire.
The young bear disobeyed his father. He brought a lot of troubles to people. And one hunter killed him.
Since then, people have been using fire, bows and arrows. And they feel guilty before the bear’s father. Therefore, every year in the fall they organize a holiday for him. The celebration begins with dances and songs. An ensemble of national instruments is played, consisting of kusle, shuvyr, tumyr, shushpyk. Next comes a carnival of masks made from birch bark and fur. The celebration ends festive table, the main dish of which is venison cooked over a fire.
Teacher: What interesting material was collected and told to us by the expedition “Peoples speaking Finno-Ugric languages”. Undoubtedly, other peoples who speak Turkic languages also have holidays.
Tatar dance music sounds.
The floor is given to the expedition “Peoples of the Volga and Urals speaking Turkic languages.”
Student 5: (Slide 10) To the peoples of the Volga region and the Urals ( working with a map ), speakers of Turkic languages include the Tatars, Bashkirs, and Chuvashs. These are numerous nations. Tatars and Bashkirs profess Islam, and the Chuvash are adherents of the Christian faith.
Students demonstrate dolls in Chuvash, Bashkir and Tatar national costumes.
We want to tell and show in a presentation the holding of such a Muslim holiday as Sabantuy.
Student 6: (Slide 11) Sabantuy, or the plow festival, is held in June, after the end of field work. On the day of the holiday, everyone tries to dress up. Even the horses that will participate in the races are decorated with bells and flowers, and ribbons are woven into their manes.
Above the place where the holiday will take place, there is a pole with a tied patterned towel fluttering in the wind. This is the flag of Sabantuy.
The holiday begins with horse racing, then there are races in which children can also compete. Then they choose the hero Sabantuy - the winner among men in the national sash wrestling. As a gift, the batyr is given a ram, which he must carry away with raised arms. An obligatory part of the holiday is fighting with bags and climbing on a high smooth pole. And then folk festivities begin with songs and dances.
Teacher: The next expedition will tell us about the peoples of Siberia and the Far East.(Slide 12)
The national song is played.
Student 7: Listen to this song. Nowhere else will you hear it except in the Far East. Only there people master throat singing, imitating animals and birds.
Only a hero can
Walk Siberia:
Get over the mountains
Wade through the dense forest,
Overcome the river flow
And return home on time.
Siberia and the Far East are occupied by Altaians, Khanty, Mansi, Yakuts, Buryats, and Tuvans. Nanai and other peoples. They profess Christianity. But Buddhism is widespread among the Buryats and Tuvans. And along the outskirts of the seas in remote villages you can also meet shamans.
Student 8 : It is impossible to imagine the peoples of Siberia and the Far East without deer. As one of the songs says: “The steamer is good! Steam locomotive - good! The plane is good! But deer are better!” Reindeer are running, carrying passengers and cargo. It would be difficult for people without these animals. This is why deer are held in such high esteem and respect in Siberia. The national holiday is the holiday of reindeer herders.(Slide 13) The first competition is racing, followed by speed jumping over sleds. Next is skiing. In Siberia, skis are wide so as not to fall into the snow and glide easier. At the end of the holiday there is lasso throwing. Thanks to agility, speed, and strength, reindeer herders lasso a wild deer and replenish their herd.
- Students show a presentation (photos) about this holiday.
Student 9. And in Yakutia the horse is revered. And all because, according to an ancient legend, the first animal to appear on Earth was a horse. From the horse came half-horse - half-man. People in Yakutia love the Ysyakh holiday.(Slide 14) It is carried out at the end of a long and cold winter. People gather in a circle in a large clearing. In the center of the circle is a fire, and next to it is a shaman. The shaman opens the holiday with a song that asks the gods to bless the holiday. After the song, the Yakut national dance “Osoukhai” begins. It is very similar to the Russian round dance. And then comes the time for competitions: jumping on one and two legs, squeezing weights, pulling a stick and, of course, horse racing! Many traditions are associated with this holiday, for example, burning the old to start a new life.
By the way, dumplings beloved by many of us are National dish peoples of Siberia.
Teacher: The latest expedition will tell us about the peoples of the North Caucasus.(Slide 15)
- A mountain song sounds.
Student 10.
In the Caucasus they love
Music and dancing.
Dzhigits on horseback
They jump without fear.
In the Caucasus they love
Make decorations.
Famous for their minting
Local villages.
In the Caucasus they love
Drink kefir - ayran.
Puts on a burka
Shepherd on a long journey.
In the Caucasus they love
Sweet grapes.
Here the owner is a guest,
I'm so glad for my family.
North Caucasus (shows on the map) the most numerous by nationality. Chechens, Kabardians, Circassians, Balkars, Ossetians, Ingush, Avars and other peoples live there.
- Students show dolls in national costumes.
Student 11: Very often they are called highlanders. Temperamental people in whose veins hot blood flows. But any dispute will always be resolved by the council of elders, which is respected from young to old. Caucasians are famous for their hospitality. Caucasian cuisine is considered one of the oldest in the world. They love spicy food here. It is unlikely that there is at least one among us who has not tried kebab, soup kharcho or lula kebab. And such sweets as halva, kozinaki and sherbet are simply delicious!
The Caucasus is beautiful with the beauty of its native nature. Anyone who saw the sunrise, mountains and rocks illuminated by its rays, will not forget this! This is how M. Yu. Lermontov, who served there, sang the Caucasus.
Excerpt from the poem “Morning in the Caucasus”:
It's dawning and swirling like a wild veil
There is night fog around the forested mountains;
There is still silence at the feet of the Caucasus;
The herd is silent, the river is the only one murmuring.
Here on the rock is a newborn ray
It suddenly began to glow, cutting through the clouds.
And pink along the river and tents
The shine spreads and shines here and there...
Teacher: Well done! Each expedition prepared wonderful stories, illustrations, and presentations. It's time to take stock.
Russia is a friendly multinational country of equal peoples. Its territory is inhabited by Russians, Mordovians, Bashkirs, Buryats, Tatars, Kalmyks, Chuvashs, Karelians, Yakuts, Khanty, Mansi and many others. Each nation is unique, has its own culture, and makes its own contribution to the development of Russia. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the friendship of the peoples of Russia. Respect the national feelings of each of them.
Schopenhauer said: “The most common type of pride is national pride.” Each of us, each person feels a sense of pride in his homeland, in its history, in his people. Russia has united people of different nationalities. They all love her, are proud of their country, and wish for its prosperity.
Students perform the song “My Russia” to the words of N. Solovyova, music by G. Struve.
My Russia has long braids,
My Russia has light eyelashes.
My Russia has blue eyes,
Russia, you are very similar to me.
Chorus:
The sun is shining, the winds are blowing,
Showers are pouring over Russia.
There's a colorful rainbow in the sky,
There is no more beautiful land.
For me Russia - white birch,
For me, Russia is morning dew,
For me, Russia, you are the most precious thing,
How much you look like my mother.
Chorus:
You, my Russia, will warm everyone with warmth,
You, my Russia, can sing songs,
You, my Russia, are inseparable from us,
After all, our Russia is us and our friends.
The lesson is devoted to such goals as: the formation in children of the image of their native country, as the Motherland, as a multinational state, huge in its territory, rich in natural resources, folk traditions, history, great people; instilling in children joy and pride in the fact that we were born and live in Russia; the desire to become heirs to the glorious traditions of Russian history; development of students' communication skills and speech.
View document contents
"Lesson Topic"
Lesson topic: Russia is our Motherland
The purpose of the lesson:
Creating conditions for the formation of moral values (love for the Motherland, one’s land, one’s people, a sense of personal responsibility for the Fatherland), the student’s civic position, the desire to know the historical past of his country, his city.
Lesson objectives:
Formation in children of the image of their native country, as the Motherland, as a multinational state, huge in its territory, rich in natural resources, folk traditions, history, great people;
Instilling in children joy and pride in the fact that we were born and live in Russia; desire to become heirs to the glorious traditions of Russian history.
Development of students' communication skills and speech;
Uniting the children's team.
Basic terms and concepts
Russia, Fatherland, Motherland, patriot, state symbols, cultural traditions.
Org. moment.
Slide 1.
You will find out what we are going to talk about today when you guess the key word of the lesson.
Task: Using the first letters of the answers, add up the key word.
What will be the topic of today's lesson?
Today we will talk about the Motherland.
Guys, look at the map and compare our country in size with other countries. Which country occupies the largest area?
Our Motherland is great. If you get on a plane and fly over the territory of our country, you can see snow-white layers of ice and sultry deserts, free steppes and cold tundra, high mountains and mighty rivers, forests.
Our country is very beautiful and rich.
2.Visualization
Try to imagine what we call Motherland?
Video demonstration.
3.Working with terms
Motherland! Everyone knows this word from childhood. Homeland is the place where you were born, where you live with your parents, with your friends.
Find synonyms for this word (Fatherland, Fatherland)
Why do we call our country Fatherland, Motherland?
Where did the word "homeland" come from?
The word “homeland” comes from the ancient word “clan”, which means a group of people united by blood.
What cognates can you give for the word “homeland”?
Parents are the father and mother who give birth to children.
Relatives are relatives.
Pedigree - a list of generations of one family. People are proud of their ancestry and study it.
Slide 5. ".
- Where does the Motherland begin?
In a big country, every person has his own small corner - a house, a street, a city where he was born. This is his little homeland. And our common, great Motherland consists of many such small corners.
3) Parable (The story of the boy Lee)
Once upon a time there lived a boy in one eastern kingdom-state in a small town. His name was Lee. Before he could grow up, his country was attacked by enemies. A then, in the old days, not only adults, but also children fought. And so all the men and boys of the town began to gather for war. Only the boy Lee is not going to. "Why aren't you coming with us?" - the governor asked him. “Why should I go somewhere? After all, my homeland is here, in my small town.”
And everyone went to war without Lee. Several weeks have passed. Enemies arrived in the town. Their leader was old and wise. He ordered Lee to be arrested. The boy was brought to him.
I defeated your army, but you were not there. Why? - he asked.
Because my homeland is my town,” Lee answered.
I will destroy your town and you will have no homeland.
Don’t do this: I’ll have nowhere to go,” Lee pleaded.
“I feel sorry for you,” said the leader, because your homeland is too small and there is no big homeland.
In the end, people like you have no homeland left.
Questions about the text.
What does it mean “the homeland is too small and there is no big homeland”?
What was boy Li's mistake?
What is a big Motherland?
What is the Motherland, Fatherland, Fatherland? (Students' answers)
Our Motherland is forests, fields, seas and rivers.
This is the land on which our ancestors lived and worked.
The land that our ancestors defended from enemies.
The homeland is our region, city, village.
The homeland is the place where people close and dear to us live: mother, father, grandmother, grandfather.
This is where our school stands.
This is the place that people miss when they are in a distant land, in a foreign country. side.
4) Symbols of our Motherland.
Each country has three required symbols. Using them you can find out which country we're talking about. Name them.
Coat of arms, flag and anthem.
Exercise. Determine under what number the coat of arms of Russia is located. By what signs did you determine this?
The state emblem of Russia is a quadrangular red heraldic shield with rounded lower corners, pointed at the tip, with a golden double-headed eagle raising its spreading wings upward. The eagle is crowned with two small crowns and above them - one large crown, connected by a ribbon. In the eagle's right paw is a scepter, in the left is an orb. On the eagle’s chest is a silver rider in a cloak on a horse, striking a serpent overturned with a spear.
Slide 8.
Guess what symbol I'm going to talk about next?
White color - birch.
Blue is the color of the sky.
Red stripe-
Sunny dawn.
About the flag.
Guys, what are the colors of the Russian flag?
What do the colors of the Russian flag mean?
The national flag of the Russian Federation is a rectangular panel with horizontal stripes: the top stripe is white, the middle stripe is azure and the bottom stripe is scarlet.
Meaning of colors Russian flag
White color means peace, perfection;
blue - the color of faith and fidelity, constancy;
Red color symbolizes energy, strength.
Guys, why is there a different attitude towards Moscow? (Students' answers).
Slide 9.
We have a reverent attitude towards Moscow because Moscow is the capital of our vast Motherland.
Slide 10.
There is another symbol of the state - the anthem.
Remember and tell me when it is performed.
Text - S. Mikhalkov, music - Georgy Alexandrov
5) The multinationality of our Motherland.
Different peoples have lived in Russia for a long time.
Some like the taiga, others like the expanse of the steppe.
Each nation has its own language and dress.
One wears a Circassian coat, the other put on a robe.
One is a fisherman from birth, the other is a reindeer herder.
One prepares kumiss, the other prepares honey.
To some, autumn is dearer, to others, spring is dearer.
And we all have one Motherland, Russia.
Our Russia is great! It is inhabited by more than 180 nationalities. Russia is a single multinational state. Many peoples live in our country: Russians, Tatars, Mordovians, Chechens, Bashkirs, Chuvash, Ingush and other peoples - they all make up one friendly family. All of them united into one large state - Russia, or the Russian Federation.
What unites us?
Slide 12. Student answers.
UnitedHomeland. This is common land. General history. General laws. Mutual language.
What else? The main thing that makes the people of our country not just neighbors on this land, but a single family is traditions and values.
- How do you understand what traditions are? Let's turn to explanatory dictionary.
Tradition- (from Lat. pepper) - that which has great importance for a person, but not created by him, but received from his predecessors and will subsequently be passed on to younger generations.
What can be passed on through tradition?
Slide 14.
Behavior rules
Knowledge and skills
Lifestyle
Ideas Values
What are the traditions?
Family traditions unite the family.
Russian traditions (national) unite the Russian people. Interethnic traditions unite peoples.
Spiritual traditions determine the values of a person, family, people, and Russia.
All traditions unite Russia.
Value- this is something that is especially significant for each person and for society as a whole. There are material and spiritual values.
Slide 17-18
Material - jewelry,
automobile,
aquarium,
they are visible, tangible, they can be bought, they are transitory.
Spiritual values - family, Fatherland, God, faith, love, freedom, justice, mercy, honor, dignity, education and work, beauty. They are invisible, they are eternal.
Based on his ideas about values, a person evaluates the world around him and chooses his actions.
How do spiritual values influence a person’s views and actions and how do they influence material values?
Slide 20-21
What values make a person measure everything with money?
Slide 22.
Values live in spiritual traditions. Outside of tradition, they die, like a plant that is pulled out of the soil. Spiritual traditions allow a person to distinguish between good and evil, good and bad, useful and harmful.
Spiritual traditions are traditions associated with religion.
Slide 24.
Family traditions are the spiritual atmosphere of the house, which includes the daily routine, customs, habits of the inhabitants, which are passed on from generation to generation,
Which family traditions You know?
Discussion over dinner about the events of the past day, summer travel by car to the sea, sharing meals, discussing plans, children's drawings, reading books to kids at night, dad's fairy tales, family birthdays, celebrating Easter, New Year's tradition - homemade toys, culinary traditions - various preparations for the winter, mushroom picking, fishing, singing songs, summer at grandma's, skating rink on the river, growing indoor plants, family dynasty is all family traditions.
Are these traditions important for the family?
Slide 26-28
A family with traditions means a feeling of safety and complete security. Only at home, surrounded by loved ones, can a person for real relax, unwind...
In close-knit families with strong traditions, people get sick less often and live longer.
Family is based on tradition. They are the key to family happiness. And if you don’t follow traditions, push them away, mock them, the family will collapse.
What do these sayings say?
In the kennel - not in the sheepfold: every flock barks in its own way.
They don’t go to someone else’s monastery with their own rules.
Every bird has its own habits.
They don’t indicate in someone else’s house.
Every family has its own traditions
Slide 30.
What do these sayings say?
Hold on to each other - don’t be afraid of anything.
The family is in a heap, not even a cloud is scary.
Family is my seven selves.
Our lesson is coming to an end, let's summarize. Today you learned new concepts. Let's remember them and what they mean.
Material world- things, objects, natural phenomena among which a person lives.
Spiritual world -this is knowledge, works of art, relationships between people, attitudes towards the world. This world is also called the world of culture.
Cultural traditions- religious cultures, moral norms.
On what eternal values Are cultural traditions based?
Goodness, honor, justice, mercy
Reflection.
Continue the sentence.
Turns out...
The most unexpected thing for me was...
Most of all I...
They call them Russians...
Homework. ...
Complete the task you like:
Choose a poem about the Motherland
Russia has official symbols: coat of arms, flag, anthem. Discuss with your parents what else could be a symbol of our great Motherland? ( natural object, city, person, object, structure, plant, animal, etc.). Draw such a symbol of Russia and briefly explain your choice (in writing). Please submit your work on landscape paper (A4 format). You don’t have to draw, but choose an illustration; the work can be designed on a computer; ask your older brothers and sisters and parents for help.
Find out what the coat of arms of your region, district, school looks like. Write down what it symbolizes.
Consult with your parents and name a few traditions accepted in your family.
View presentation content
“Lesson 1 (4th grade). Russia is our Motherland"
Guess the key word of the lesson
Berries are not sweetness
But it’s a joy to the eye,
And decoration for the gardens,
And a treat for the blackbirds.
He's not fragile at all
And hid in a shell,
Look into the middle -
You will see the core
Of all the fruits it is the hardest,
It's called...
Koloboks hanging on a branch,
The ruddy barrels shine.
Though thorny, but not a Christmas tree,
Lengthen its needles,
And the bark is thin and red,
That beauty...
What a crybaby forever
Settled by the pond.
It bathes its branches in it,
Who knows this tree?
Dark blue fruits
You will find out on the branches.
Their pulp tastes juicy,
And the color is green.
Russia
- our
Motherland
Where does the word "homeland" come from?
genus ateliers
genus nya
genus conditional
A river begins with a stream...
parents
relatives
Image from the site http://assets1.lookatme.ru/
Coat of arms of Russia
Flag of Russia
Liberty
Frankness
Nobility
Loyalty
Honesty
Power
Courage
Courage
Love
Moscow is Red Square.
Moscow is the towers of the Kremlin.
Moscow is the heart of Russia,
Who loves you.
1. Russia is our sacred power, Russia is our beloved country. Mighty will, great glory - Your treasure for all time! Chorus: Hail, our Fatherland is free, An age-old union of fraternal peoples, This is the folk wisdom given by our ancestors! Hail, country! We are proud of you!
2.From the southern seas to the polar edge Our forests and fields are spread out. You are the only one in the world! You're the only one - God-protected native land! Chorus:
3. Wide scope for dreams and for life The years to come reveal to us. Our loyalty to the Fatherland gives us strength. So it was, so it is and so it will always be! Chorus:
Hymn Russia
Music - Georgiy Alexandrov, new text - Sergei Mikhalkov
United Motherland
Images from sites: http://www.samoffar.ru/, http://www.artshop-rus.com/, http://upload.wikimedia.org/, http://www.matsvet.ru/
What unites us
common land
general history
general laws
mutual language
What else?
Traditions
transmit
receive as a gift
(inherit, follow)
keep
transmit
Image from http://a-merchant.com/
What can be passed on through tradition?
That which does not have a visible image, but is recognized and felt through actions:
Behavior rules
Knowledge and skills
Lifestyle
Ideas
Values
Family traditions unite family .
Russians traditions (national) unite Russian people .
Interethnic traditions unite peoples .
All traditions unite Russia .
Spiritual traditions
determine values
person, families , people , Russia .
Value – this is something that is especially significant for each person and for society as a whole.
There are values material And spiritual .
Material values
jewelry,
automobile,
aquarium,
money,
books,
toys,
apartment,
computer,
TV …...
they are visible
they are perceptible
you can buy them
they are transitory
Image from the site http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/
Spiritual values
family
faith
kindness
Fatherland
culture
life
creation
they are invisible
Human
education
Love
they are felt
harmony
Liberty
honesty
they are given as a gift
friendship
sensitivity
they are eternal
honor
mercy
beauty
work
A person's value system is foundation his relationship to the world.
Based on his ideas about values, a person
evaluates the world around him
chooses his actions
For example, if beauty is important to a person, then he sees it everywhere: in the world around him, in people...
and tries to create beauty around.
How do spiritual values influence a person’s views and actions and how do they influence material values?
Image from http://open.az/
What values are brought up careful attitude to the world?
Image from http://www.vistaback.com/
What values make a person measure everything with money?
Eternal values live in spiritual traditions. Outside of traditions they perish.
Values
Spiritual traditions lose meaning in a person’s life
Values in a spiritless environment.
Images from sites: http://cms.taxi-bistro.ru/, http://sam.kg/
Values thrive in spiritual traditions
Spiritual traditions - These are traditions associated with religion.
For example, Orthodox traditions ii:
Going to church every Sunday
Prayer before classes
Easter concert in a nursing home
Bell ringers competition
Collecting Christmas gifts for an orphanage
……………………………
What other spiritual traditions are you aware of?
Family traditions- this is the spiritual atmosphere of the house, which includes the daily routine, customs, way of life and habits of its inhabitants, which are passed on from generation to generation.
Discussion over dinner about the events of the past day, summer travel by car to the sea , shared meals , discussion of plans , Children's drawings, Reading books to kids at night , daddy's tales , Family birthday , Easter celebration ; New Year's tradition - homemade toys, culinary traditions - various preparations for the winter , mushroom picking , fishing , singing songs , summer at grandma's, skating rink on the river , growing indoor plants, family dynasty – these are all family traditions .
In close-knit families with strong traditions, people get sick less often and live longer.
Image from the site http://shkolazhizni.ru/
Family is based on tradition. They are the key to family happiness. And if you don’t follow traditions, push them away, mock them, the family will collapse.
Image from the site http://darlina.f5.ru/
What do these sayings say?
In the kennel - not in the sheepfold: every flock barks in its own way.
They don’t go to someone else’s monastery with their own rules.
Every bird has its own habits.
They don’t indicate in someone else’s house.
That every family has its own traditions and customs.
Every family has its own traditions.
What do these sayings say?
Hold on to each other - don’t be afraid of anything.
The family is in a heap, not even a cloud is scary.
About how traditions unite.
Family is my seven selves.
Family traditions unite and protect people.
Back forward
Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.
Course name: Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics.
Goals:
- formation of students’ ideas about the Motherland as a great multinational power;
- developing students’ motivation to learn the historical and cultural traditions of the peoples of Russia;
- nurturing civic-patriotic feelings, love for the Motherland, and a tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities.
Tasks:
- introduce students to the concept of multinationality;
- to form in students concepts about the Motherland, Fatherland, patriotism, the material and spiritual world;
- form initial ideas about Russian national traditions;
- cultivate a respectful and caring attitude towards one’s homeland;
- develop speech, logical and associative thinking of students;
- contribute to the development of students’ communicative abilities and the ability to argue their point of view.
1. Org. Moment
Slide 1 “Russia is our Motherland”
I want to start our lesson by watching a video clip.
Slide 2 Watch a video clip.
(The song “My Russia” plays. While watching the video fragment on this slide, the pictures of the nature of our Motherland change)
How did you feel while watching? (Expansion, space, pride, spirituality, etc.)
What country was the song you heard about? (About Russia)
Russia is an amazing country. It is so big that when it is morning at one end of the country, it is deep night at the other. Somewhere it’s warm and the sun is shining, but somewhere there are snowstorms and people light their stoves so as not to freeze.
Autumn is one of the sweeter ones,
For others, spring is dearer.
And my homeland is Russia.
We all have... (one)!
2. Work on new material.
1. - Guys, what do we respectfully call our country? (Fatherland)
Why do we call it that? (Because our fathers, grandfathers and great-grandfathers worked and defended their land to preserve Russia for future generations.)
What else can you call our country? (Motherland)
What is Motherland? (The region in which we were born and live).
Listen to how your peers talk about it.
Slide 3 Watching a fragment of the video film “My World is Russia”
During the discussion of a fragment of the video and analyzing the children's statements about the Motherland, the teacher asks the children to complete the task.
Slide 4 “Make proverbs”
- There is no more beautiful country in the world than ours.
- A man without a homeland is like a nightingale without a song.
- A person has one mother, and he has one Motherland.
- The peoples of our country are strong in friendship.
- The brotherhood of the people is dearer than any wealth.
- If friendship is great, the Motherland will be strong.
2. - In life we are surrounded by many objects and natural phenomena. This is... (The world around us)
Right. These things, objects, natural phenomena, among which a person lives, make up the material world. But there is also a spiritual world.
Slide 5 “Material and spiritual world»
What do you think the spiritual world is? (What a person lives, what he is interested in, etc.)
Now find and read the definition that the authors of the textbook give us on p.4. (Children read the definition out loud).
Have we correctly defined what the spiritual world is?
Guys, what do you think is the country’s most valuable asset? (The teacher chooses the people from the variety of answers.)
The most valuable thing a country has is its people. People is a word with many meanings. “Look at how many people there are!” - they say when many people have gathered in one place. The population of one country is also called a people. We all - Russian people, Russians. And a people are people who speak the same language, have common customs and similar activities. These people are united by history. They preserve the memory of their heroes, talented writers, artists and musicians.
3. Slides 6-11 " Famous people Russia"
During the viewing, the teacher gives comments on what area these people showed themselves in.
Music, art, history, knowledge - this is the spiritual world. It is reflected in a person and shapes his inner world. All religions of the world define it as the human soul.
What do you guys think, is the spiritual world the same for all people? (Different)
Why does this depend? (From a person’s activities, hobbies, from his communication with other people)
4. - A person has the right to determine for himself what to feed his soul.
Slide 12
"Man chooses" (good and evil, love and hate, beautiful and ugly, mercy and cruelty, truth and lies)
What will you choose? (Children's answers)
Physical education minute
There is sun in nature. It shines and loves and warms everyone. Imagine a little star in your heart. Let's send a ray of love towards her. We feel how the star has grown. We direct the ray that brings peace. The asterisk increased again. We send a ray of goodness, the star has become even bigger. I send rays to the star that bring health, joy, warmth, light, tenderness, affection. Now the star becomes as big as the sun. It brings warmth to everyone, everyone, everyone ( hands to the side).
How not to destroy your inner world? How to understand other people? We will get answers to these questions by studying the new subject “Fundamentals Orthodox culture».
5. - The spiritual world has its own roads. They are called traditions. Our ancestors walked along them.
Find and read the definition that the authors of the textbook give us on p. 5 ( Children read aloud)
Why is it important to preserve traditions? (Because cultural traditions are based on such eternal values as goodness, honor, justice, mercy)
Slide 13 “Cultural traditions”
By following them, a person can distinguish good from bad, make his inner world clean, bright, joyful.
Slide 14 “Peoples of Russia”
Our country is amazing because more than 180 people live in it. different nations. There are both numerous nations, and quite small. Each nation has its own history, culture and traditions.
Slides 15-18 “Folk traditions”
During the viewing, the teacher gives comments on the peculiarities of the traditions of different peoples.
Russia is a truly unique country that, along with a highly developed modern culture, carefully preserves the traditions of its nation.
The traditions of the Russian Orthodox people are especially observed during the celebration of Christmas, Maslenitsa, and Easter. An Orthodox person treats the twelfth holidays of the Russian Orthodox Church with a sense of reverence.
In winter, the traditions of the Russian people are especially observed in the celebration Nativity of Christ. Believers celebrate the holiday in the temple. On Christmas night, festive services take place in all churches. On Christmas days, it is customary to visit each other and exchange gifts. It is very useful and correct from a Christian point of view to visit the sick and suffering.
Many people anxiously await the coming Maslenitsa, the traditions of celebration of which are rooted deep in our history. This is a national celebration dedicated to welcoming spring. Before entering Lent, people say goodbye to winter, enjoy the warm spring days, and, of course, bake delicious pancakes.
The days of Great Lent are special days of spiritual growth, days of humility, obedience and joy on the eve of great holidays.
The traditions of the Russian people are also observed during the celebration Easter. Before the onset of this holiday, everyone bakes Easter cakes, makes Easter cottage cheese, and paints eggs. The egg is a symbol of life, its rebirth. Eggs are painted in different colors and given to each other.
On this day, bells ring in all churches. This ringing is called the Easter bell. The church service on Easter is special and lasts all night.
They live in Russia and Chuvash, whose traditions are little known, but also quite interesting. For example, the Seva festival, called Akatuy. The heroes of this holiday were the earth and the plow. According to custom, on this day guests are treated to boiled eggs and porridge. Eggs were buried in the sown field for a good harvest. Children and adults had fun on this day; they organized running competitions and horse races. For the holiday, the Chuvash bake Yusman pancakes.
Do you know what Sabantuy is? This folk holiday at Tatars. It is dedicated to the end of field work carried out in the spring and is closely related to labor. On this day they fought with sashes, fought with bags, organized horse races and had fun in every possible way.
Tatars love to drink tea with sweets, for example, chak-chak. Small pieces of unleavened dough are fried, placed in a heap and filled with honey and sugar syrup. It turns out very tasty! Chak-chak is always put on the festive table.
Chechens and Ingush- two very close peoples. They have similar language, customs and faith. The traditions of these peoples are the preservation of family etiquette and honorable respect for guests, hospitality, and the code of honor of the mountaineers.
On Far North our country live Chukchi and Eskimos. They are engaged in reindeer breeding and marine fishing. One of the holidays of these peoples was connected with this - the holiday of baidara. A baydara is a light, fast boat made of wood and walrus skins. On the day of the holiday, they launched it into the water and threw pieces of meat into the sea - they “fed” the spirits of sea animals. The Chukchi and Eskimos believed that hunting success depended on these spirits.
The peoples of Russia and their traditions are so diverse that to list all possible holidays you need to read more than one encyclopedia. Russian land has completely united different people and no matter how we are obliged to respect the traditions of other peoples.
(A student prepared in advance reads a poem.)
Jew and Tuvan, Buryat and Udmurt,
Russian, Tatar, Bashkir and Yakut.
Big family of different nations,
And we, friends, should be proud of this.
Our common home is called Russia,
Let everyone feel comfortable in it.
We will overcome any difficulties together
And only in unity is the strength of Russia.
III. Consolidation and generalization of the material covered
Students perform tasks of various types.
1. Front work
Slide 19 “Soul labor and physical labor”
| Labor of the soul | Physical work |
|
|
Divide the phrases into 2 groups.
Carpentry, caring for the younger ones, love for the Fatherland, respect for elders, love for family, washing floors, cleaning the classroom, helping people, weeding flower beds.
Slides 20-22 “Continue the phrase”
Continue the sentence.
- A person needs the work of his soul in order to... (Do something better than others, become better, remain the same).
- The spiritual traditions of a country are established... (by legal laws, by an individual, by the labor of the soul of the people, by a neighboring state).
- To observe spiritual traditions, they must... (Ignore, teach to understand,).
Slides 23-26 “Test. Work in groups"
Work with the dough.
1. Why should every Russian love his Motherland?
A) It allows you to live comfortably.
B) A person has one homeland, like a mother. She needs to be loved, as we love our relatives, as we love our only mother.
C) Thanks to the country's resources, a person can become rich.
2. How can “work of the soul” manifest itself in relation to the Motherland?
A) in enriching the country with material wealth
B) in the conquest of new territories
C) in the development of the spiritual wealth of their people
3. What do you see spiritual wealth our multinational Motherland?
A) in a large area and natural resources
B) in the spiritual traditions of the peoples who live on the territory of Russia
B) in rich and influential people
4. Why do people need traditions?
B) Traditions are, first of all, holidays; they are needed to make life more fun.
C) People don’t need traditions at all.
IV. Bottom line. Reflection.
Slides 27-28 “Chamomile - a symbol of Russia”
When you think about our Motherland, associations come to mind: birch, matryoshka and chamomile. It is difficult to find a person today who does not know the daisy flower. The touching white daisy has become a real symbol of Russia, Russian nature, a standard of purity and righteousness, tenderness and kindness. By folk legends, a daisy flower appears where a night star falls.
Chamomile is an emblem of love. On July 8, Moscow celebrates the Day of Family, Love and Fidelity. This is a young holiday with centuries-old traditions. On this day, Orthodox Christians remember the couple Peter and Fevronia, who are considered the patrons of family happiness.
Let's summarize our lesson, remember the basic concepts that turned out to be the closest and most significant to you. I invite you all to collect your chamomile together - a symbol of the natural and spiritual beauty of our vast Russia!!!
(There is a yellow center of a daisy on the board. The key sentence “Russia is our Motherland” is written on it, which is the center of the idea, the theme of the lesson. From the variety of petals randomly scattered all over the board, children need to choose only those that contain words or sentences expressing concepts, ideas, images suitable for a given topic.
Possible petal options: Motherland and Fatherland; spiritual world; the inner world of man, cultural traditions, folk traditions, national brotherhood, multinational Motherland, “work of the soul”; enrichment, material wealth; evil and hatred; “laziness of the soul”; enmity.
Then all the petals are collected into one common flower.)
Literature.
- Kuraev A.V. Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics. Fundamentals of Orthodox culture 4th grade. Textbook for educational organizations / A.V. Kuraev. – Moscow: “Enlightenment, 2016.
- Danilko E.S. Peoples of Russia / Moscow: ROSMEN, 2015.
- Klyushnik L.V. Our Motherland - Russia / L.V. Klyushnik - Moscow: ROSMEN, 2015
- Electronic resources, video and audio materials:
- Song "My Russia". Music author and composer Georgy Struve. Poems and lyrics were written by Nina Solovyova.
- Multimedia teaching aid for classes with children aged 8-11 years old. A series of films “My Orthodox World of Russia”. Film 1 "My world is Russia" Studio "Six Wings", St. Petersburg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUvhuCCPwvQ
Lesson-festival
"Our multinational state"
Course “Fundamentals of religious cultures of the peoples of Russia and secular ethics.”
Prepared by:
Sherstneva E.Yu.
primary school teacher
GBOU secondary school No. 9
g.o. Chapaevsk
The purpose of the lesson: formation of ideas about Russia as a multinational country.
Tasks:
introduce children to different nationalities, traditions, languages, and cultures of the peoples of Russia.
promote the development of intellectual and creative abilities of students, independent search activities
instill respect for the culture and traditions of different peoples, as well as the values of friendship
promote the development of tolerance and correctness in communicating with others, encourage students to become kinder and more attentive to each other;
to promote in students a sense of patriotism, respect for the history and traditions of our Motherland.
Progress of the event:
Clip about Russia (Spanish by Zykina)
There is no more beautiful land in the world,
There is no homeland in the brighter world!
Russia, Russia, Russia, -
What could be dearer to the heart?
And if we were suddenly asked:
“Why is the country dear to you?”
Yes, because Russia is for all of us,
Like a dear mother, alone!
The children once asked their father:
Are all Russians in Russia?
How can I tell you kids?
Here are the neighbors - the Chuvash,
Kum is half Jewish
Uncle is a nice Armenian,
Great-grandfather of godmother Nina
The topic of customs and traditions of the Russian people, like any people inhabiting the Earth, is unusually broad and multifaceted.
Every national holiday in Russia is accompanied by rituals and songs. An integral part of Russian national culture was dance, which was also called dance. Women's round dances and men's squat dances are known. They danced during the holidays, often accompanied by a balalaika or accordion.
There are several types of holidays: family, religious, calendar, state.
Family holidays are: birthdays, weddings, housewarmings. On days like these, the whole family gets together.
Calendar or public holidays- This New Year, Defender of the Fatherland Day, International Women's Day, World Spring and Labor Day, Victory Day, Children's Day, Russian Independence Day and others.
Religious holidays - Christmas, Epiphany, Easter, Maslenitsa and others.
For many centuries, the Russian people have created a unique culture of folk arts and crafts. Russian folk crafts - Gzhel, Khokhloma, Zhostovo painting, Gorodets painting, Mezen wood painting, making and decorating household utensils: dishes, samovar, boxes, toys (Russian toys).
Dishes such as porridge, cabbage soup, dumplings, pancakes, pies, kvass, okroshka, rye bread and others are traditionally associated with Russian cuisine.
SONG "Khokhloma" There is a clip on the screen
Khokhloma, Volga reach,
The expanse of fields, the weeping of birches.
It's you, my Motherland,
It's you, Russia.
Domes, sky high.
Our life is for you.
It is you, my Motherland.
There is nothing more beautiful in the world.
Cranes, poplars
Bread and salt, the face of the Kremlin
It's you, my Motherland
It's you, Russia
Children's laughter and dancing.
The kindness of blue eyes.
It is you, my Motherland.
There is nothing more beautiful in the world.
Russia, Russia - you are my star
Russia, Russia - you are my destiny
Russia, Russia - I will repeat again
Russia, Russia - you are my love!
A Tatar melody sounds.
Student:
Tatars are a Turkic people living in central regions the European part of Russia, in the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Afghanistan, on Far East.
Children come out to the song “I am a Tatar” and perform the song.
I wish I could live and live without sorrows and worries
But it doesn't always happen like that
Wear a white suit all year round
Everyone dreams about it
As a Tatar, I can handle everything,
To me - uphill or downhill:
I hang out with the boys all the time,
And there are no disputes between us!..
I am a Tatar, I am a Tatar, a simple man
outwardly I am a respectable guy with a Russian soul
The rest doesn’t matter, I’ll tell you honestly
And I value my origin very much
A Mari melody sounds.
The Mari are a talented people. They take care of the old and reach for the new. Many famous poets and composers, artists and musicians were born on Mari land. Mari songs and dances decorate any holiday.
Student:
Russian region, how great you are!
From border to border
And a fast train straight ahead
It won’t finish in a week!
Nations are like one family,
Although their language is different.
All are daughters and sons
Your beautiful country.
Friendship of peoples is an endless space,
Peace and harmony, girls' choir,
The sonorous song of a young shepherd,
Garden, grapes near the family's house.
Presenter 2
Who are you talking about now...?
Presenter 1
About Tajiks
Student:
Tajiks are a very ancient nation. Consequently, the culture of this people is truly original and goes back to ancient times.
To this day, Tajiks (especially in villages) wear national clothes: men wear embroidered robes and skullcaps, and women wear colorful embroidered dresses with pants; a scarf is required on their heads, and many girls still braid 40 braids.
Student:
Friendship of peoples is not just words,
The friendship of peoples is forever alive.
Friendship of peoples - happy children,
Friendship of peoples all over the world.
Russians, Tatars, Adygeis and Armenians,
We are black, and blond, and dark, and white.
In Russia - on our native land,
We all live as a big and friendly family.
Student:
Russians and Ukrainians, Gypsies, Kabardians.!
We live very friendly, we dance and sing together,
We help each other, and we will not quarrel,
We stand up for our friends, together we get things done!
Student:
After all, when peoples are friends, this is happiness for the country,
So let's have fun, sing songs and dance,
We will also invite good friends to visit!
A gypsy melody sounds.
Leading
One gypsy legend says that God loved the gypsies so much for their fun and talent that he did not tie them to pieces of land, like other peoples, but gave them the whole world to live in. Therefore, gypsies can be found on all continents except Antarctica.
Many people associate the word “Gypsies” with such concepts as freedom and liberty. In fact, quite strict morals reign in a gypsy family.
Mostly Russian gypsies and Ukrainian gypsies live in Russia.
Among the gypsies, mostly all are Orthodox Christians, but there may also be Muslims and Catholics.
They decorate their homes with carpets, stucco, and love expensive dishes.
There is always a lot of food prepared - you never know who will stop by. A gypsy woman will never let a person leave the house without giving him tea. By the way, tea is brewed strongly by adding slices of lemon and apple.
A gypsy melody sounds and children perform a dance.
Student:
Each nation has a rich culture, multiple customs and colorful folklore. National culture, like memory, distinguishes each nation from others, allows you to feel a genuine connection between times and generations, and makes it possible to receive vital support and spiritual support. Perhaps nothing characterizes a people so clearly as the holidays that they love and celebrate. The holidays, like a mirror, reflect the character, culture and identity of each nation.
An Uzbek melody sounds.
Two students come out.
1 student:
The traditions and customs of the Uzbek people have developed over centuries. They are very original, bright and diverse, dating back to different eras and religions. For centuries, the traditions and customs of the Uzbek people remained almost unchanged, despite the desire of numerous invaders to impose an alien foreign culture.
2 student
The age-old customs and traditions of the Uzbeks are carefully preserved and passed on from generation to generation. Like many Asian peoples, most Uzbek holiday customs are associated with the main family celebrations: the birth of a child and a wedding. Many ceremonies and rituals are associated with these events; parents, children, brothers, sisters, close and distant relatives, and even neighbors and guests are involved - each has their own role. Uzbek traditions are based on hospitality, respect for elders, and observance of the norms of the Koran.
Singing a song about mom in Uzbek.
It sounds like “Lezginka”. Children perform a dance.
Against the background of an Azerbaijani melody, the child talks about the people of Azerbaijan.
The national culture of Azerbaijan goes back centuries. It has absorbed the best traditions of East and West.
National traditions accompany Azerbaijanis from the moment of birth and throughout their lives: matchmaking, birth of children, holidays, harvesting and much more. In addition, many traditions of Azerbaijan are embodied in their culture, folk beliefs, national clothing, folk festivals and entertainment.
One of the interesting folk traditions Azerbaijanis celebrate Novruz. Novruz is the holiday of spring, the beginning of the new year. On this day, especially many ceremonies and rituals are performed.
The hospitality of Azerbaijanis is widely known. They know how to receive a guest with truly Caucasian cordiality and scope. Refusal of an invitation to visit can be regarded as a personal insult.
To the accompaniment of an Azerbaijani melody, we treat our guests to baklava.
Presenter:
Let's hold hands, stand in a circle,
Every man is a friend to man,
We will live in peace and friendship,
And cherish our strong friendship!
CHILDREN STAND IN A CIRCLE
Student:
If we're together,
If there is harmony in the house,
There will be our Motherland
A real treasure.
Treasure of love, harmony,
Thoughts and ideas.
And it won't get any better
My homeland!
Student:
beloved homeland,
The one that is better,
Friendship is our strength,
Here's our advice!
Leading:
We, Russians, belonging to different social groups, nationalities and religions, – united people with a common historical destiny and a common future.
We are all citizens of one country - Russia. Let's connect its parts on our layout, and let our friendship be just as strong and indivisible.
Assembling the “Russia” puzzle on a Whatman paper wall with a picture of the Russian Federation. Children bring together 6 districts, “settle” the peoples of Russia
Presenter:
Before us Russian Federation– this is the unity and diversity of the peoples of the country.
You and I are one friendly family, regardless of nationality. We are friends regardless of religious affiliation. Let's write our wishes to other children on the symbols of friendship, so that, just like us, they will be friends, love, be tolerant and respectful towards each other. And we will symbolically send them to the children of the entire planet.
Writing wishes (on pre-prepared emblems depicting flowers, butterflies, doves) to the children of the Earth and placing them on the Friendship map.
Leading:
See how our planet has blossomed from your warm and friendly wishes. How beautiful she has become! Take care of her! And the Almighty protects us!
Song “My Russia has long braids” There is a clip on the screen.
My Russia has long braids,
My Russia has light eyelashes,
My Russia has blue eyes,
Russia, you are very similar to me.
The sun is shining, the winds are blowing,
Showers are pouring over Russia,
There's a colorful rainbow in the sky -
There is no more beautiful land.
For me, Russia is white birches,
For me, Russia is morning dew.
For me, Russia, you are the most precious thing,
How much you look like my mother.
The sun is shining, the winds are blowing,
Showers are pouring over Russia,
There's a colorful rainbow in the sky -
There is no more beautiful land.
You, my Russia, will warm everyone with warmth,
You, my Russia, can sing songs.
You, my Russia, are inseparable from us,
After all, our Russia is me and my friends.
The sun is shining, the winds are blowing,
Showers are pouring over Russia,
There's a colorful rainbow in the sky -
There is no more beautiful land.
