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indian Large Drop Video, Indian Big Drop Publishing
ArDeotis Nigriceps (Vigors, 1831)
(Lat. Ardeotis Nigriceps) - Bird from the DROFIN family.
- 1 General characteristics
- 2 Distribution
- 3 Lifestyle
- 3.1 Power
- 3.2 Reproduction
- 4 Indian Drop and Man
- 5 Notes
- 6 literature
general characteristics
Indian Drop is a large bird reaching a height of 1 m, the scope of the wings to 2.5 m, the weight of over 18 kg. The male is noticeably larger than the female. The back brown, head and neck of a grayish-beige color, the same color belly. In males on the chest, a black strip, on the chine-tires, a black horser up to 5 cm. On long, strong legs of three fingers directed forward. The length of the middle finger is approximately 7.5 cm.
Spread
It dwells in India. Lives, like all the drofs, on open spaces, fields and wastelands.
Lifestyle
The arrival of the Indian darof is Majestic, every step does not rush. She keeps her head high, at an angle of 45 °, which seems to say that the neck is curved a little back. Alarmed Drof begins to scream.
Food
A large Indian dar feeds with various petty animals - grasshoppers, snails, small snakes, many-facets, lizards, beetles, whites spiders from a cobweb. In addition, Drof hunting and mice, thereby making the service for local farmers. It also feeds on plants: some types of herbs, leaves, seeds and grains. Makes raids on Bakhchi, eats seeds from watermelons and melons. Feeding on the darf usually early in the morning and late in the evening, resting during the day.
Reproduction
Indian big darf is a polygamy bird. The male has several females, but he does not show care of eggs and offspring. For the marriage ceremonies, the male chooses small hills or sand dunes, when the strangers approached, he immediately hides in the gaps of high grass. The marriage of the male is asked, it is important to pause, open the tail of the tail, screams loudly. A cry reminds of something among the middle of the camel snort and a lion sprawle. Usually these screams can be heard in the morning clock before dawn and in the evening twilight and are spread over long distances. After mating, the female lays one egg, as a rule, in the places removed from person. To do this, she digs a hole in the ground and puts off the egg. Sometimes two eggs can be found in the DROFIN nest. However, according to Ornithologists, this does not mean that one female demolished two eggs, most likely, these two females from one male demolished their eggs in one place. Usually, Indian Drops lay eggs from June to October, sometimes it happens at another time of the year. The Egg Indian Drop of the extended shape, covered with chocolate spots and reddish-brown marks. After 20-28 days, the chick hatching, who can immediately walk. Cases of danger The female sits on the nest to the latter, then suddenly pops up the enemy towards the enemy, loudly flapping the wings. If in the nest of the chick, then he begins to hiss or silently changes his location and sits on the ground. Sometimes the female pretend to be wounded, pretending that her legs hit and takes the enemy from the nest, flies low above the earth, the chick at this time sits, clinging to the ground, and not stirring until his mother brings him. After a while he begins to publish quiet whistling sounds, calling the mother.
Indian drough and man
Due to poaching hunt, the Indian Drop was put on the edge of extinction. The 1970s in India began to take measures to save the Indian Drop, it was even proposed to make it a national symbol of this country. Some Indian zoos learned to grow a DROF, the most suitable diet was developed for the birds contained in captivity.
Notes
- Boem R. L., Flint V. E. Pyatifying dictionary of animal names. Birds. Latin, Russian, English, German, French / under the general edited by Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M.: Rus. Yaz., Russo, 1994. - P. 76. - 2030 Ex. - ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
Literature
- Bed R. " Animal world India "M.: World of 1987
indian Big Drop Ventana, Indian Big Drop Video, Indian Big Drop Publishing, Indian Large Drop Photo
Indian big drough information about
African big darf
Birds are of the most different sizes and mass. The most important of the living birds is recognized by African ostrich. But he is known, does not fly. Where the most severe flying bird lives. Yes, everything is there in Africa and wears a name - a large African Drop (ArDeotis Kori) from the folding of the caravel. The African big darf is much larger than an ordinary Drop, which lives in the SIS expanses and, by the way, is the most severe flying bird in Eurasia.
Local endemics
The male African large drof weighs about 20 kg with a total length of up to 120 cm. Female beds. African large drofs produce an impressive impression: a long neck, slightly flashed head married black shoes. On the head, neck and belly of the birds are dominated by grayish-white tones, and on the back, wings and tail, the tight rigid plumage of the brown colors.
African large drofs, being endemic, inhabited mainly African savannah, low vegetation. Sometimes found in the agricultural landscape. Drops go more than fly, so they have strong, thick legs adapted for rapid movement by ground surface.
Lifestyle Drops.
Have excellent ability to disguise in the grass. Unlike its Eurasian migratory relatives, African drofs lead a settling lifestyle. Flight of a large African Dropow is something. It is good that we do not fly such "birds".
Droof diet mixed: vegetable and animal food. The diet of the adult drof consists of green shoots, various seeds and grains, as well as insects. The need for water, again, in contrast to the darof, living in moderate latitudes, is minimal in African large drof. Copchicker iron is missing. The life expectancy of the DROF in natural conditions rarely exceeds 20 years. However, there are cases when individual birds felt a forty-year-old frontier.
Reproduction at DROF
Couples are formed only for a short period of reproduction. Big African Drops on Earth. The movements of males during the marriage games are distinguished by uniqueness. The nest of the darphs make in the ground, slightly lingering his grass. In masonry 2-3 eggs motley color. Occupation lasts 20-30 days. This duty completely falls on the female. I barely hatched from eggs and slightly designed, the chicks are ready to follow the mother. Currently, the most severe flying birds are under threat of extinction and so common on them in the past hunting is now completely banned.
Valuable exhibit for hunting. Once this beautiful large bird settled large parts of Europe, but since, they often began to hunt now the darf is brought into red.
Bird Drop large sizes, respectively, is a valuable exhibit. Sometimes this bird is also called Dudak. But hunting is not the only reason for the disappearance of this species.
TO negative factors, influencing the penetration population, it is still possible to refer the treatment of fields, the use of various drug processing and changing the landscape familiar to these birds.
Features and habitat
They are a bit and frightening, seeing the danger from afar, run away and hide in the grass. After that, they are practically not found. They fly low above the ground, and not fast. The wingspan are 2.5 meters. Those individuals who are in adulthood are not very fond of flying. Most of their lives are in search of food.
There are two subspecies of the DROF: European and East Siberian. The European bird is distinguished by a darker color of the head, the dorsal pattern with narrow stripes and a little blurry. East Siberian has a clearer drawing on the back, strips are wider and the males have the same as the mustache, and the heads are also on the head.
Character and lifestyle
As the steppe bird's darof has already been mentioned above, usually spends their time on the field, in search of food. The bird has no sweat glands so in the heat they fall on the ground and spread the wings, breathing heavily.
Or hide in the shade. They still have no lubricant on feathers, which is why they are wedged. This particularly negatively affects the frosts when the birds are wedging and frozen it difficult to move.
In the diet of birds, there are various cereals, grass (especially prefer young borsk), insects (locusts, grasshoppers) and even larvae. Delicates frogs for them, and mice.
After the bird sounds satisfying, it goes on the water, to quench thirst. They are very selective in relation to water, so they even place their nests near the reservoirs liked, and snow use snow in winter. But they feed their chicks only and their larvae.
On DROF From the air can attack. Predators also love to enjoy this bird. They are attacked by: foxes and, as well as cats and dogs. The nests are also dangerous, predators are glad to be trapped with chicks and eggs drof.
Reproduction and life expectancy
The bird's relationship begins in the spring, from the marriage games. The male becomes mature on the fifth year of his life, it is at this age that he appears a plumage that can be shown a female. Females ripen much faster, already at the age of 3-4 years old they are ready for mating.
Initially, the male raises the flowing tail up, and shows its white suite. Then hesitates the neck and throws the neck, showing it to review. And the last action is to straighten your wings so that all females can appreciate it. You can also hear outstanding singing. Marriage games begin early in the morning.
They have a polygamine relationship, for one season, the male can mate with several partners. After mating, the female goes to build a nest, and the male seduces other females.
The female digs a not very deep pit and ends it with blades. And they return to the place of nesting every year. From April to May, there is no more than three eggs, a diameter of up to 9 cm. For the egg season, the eggs are postponed once. Eggs of green-brown or olive color in dark clock.
The female one raises eggs, from three to four weeks. It is almost impossible to see her on eggs thanks to her firmness. Only one day of the chick sits in the nest, from the second day he walks along with his mother in search of food.
If the chick is sitting in the nest, the mother itself brings him food, and if she sees the danger, shouts and chicks are hiding in the grass. The female takes danger, from the nest pretending to the patient, and then herself attacks the enemy. After 1.5 months, the chicks are already fluently flying, but the female is still taking them. In the fall of birds fly to wintering.
Drop is very buggy, hiding and places nests bird in thick thickets
The average life expectancy is 20 years. The males can significantly reduce their lifetime, ate will fall too often.
Drofa small look so that the bird finally disappeared from our planet it was brought into the Red. It is forbidden to hunt, scientists are looking for ways to grow drug at home.
If employees special centersengaged in the protection of the extinct species, find egg eggs in dangerous places for her life, then they collect them and put them in incubators. After the chicks are hatched, they are released on the will.
DROFINA (lat.otididae) - The family of large landfinding birds from the old light belonging to the detachment of the caravel. According to genetic studies are considered relatives of the cranes, from which about 70 million years ago were rejected. Includes 26 species broken at 11 genera.
Spread
All types of except one inhabit the steppes, savanna and semi-deserts of Africa, Asia and Southern Europe; One view of the Australian Big Drop (ArDeotis Australis) lives in Australia and New Guinea. 16 dolls live exclusively in tropical belt Africa, two more times appear in the northern part of it.
Most prefers open spaces where there is a good overview for a considerable distance. Some African species, such as small drofs (EuPodotis), Crested Drops (Lophotis), Black Drofs (Lissotis) are tolerant to various wood vegetation, such as acacia groves or thickets of spiny shrubs; And the small Indian Drops (Sypheotides) and Floringans (Houbaropsis) usually inhabit the terrain with high grass.
Classification
- Rod AFROTIS
- Black Small Drop (AFROTIS AFRA)
- AFROTIS AFRAOIDES.
- CHLIMYDOTIS)
- Chlamydotis undulata
- Chlamydotis Macqueenii.
- Rod big drofs (ArDeotis)
- Arabian Big Drop (ArDeotis Arabs)
- African Big Drop (ArDeotis Kori)
- Indian Large Drop (ArDeotis Nigriceps)
- Australian Big Drop (ArDeotis Australis)
- Rod Small Drops (Eupodotis)
- Senegalese Small Drop (Eupodotis Senegalensis)
- Blue Small Drop (Eupodotis Caerulescens)
- Chernogullaty Small Drop (Eupodotis Vigorsii)
- Eupodotis Rueppellii.
- Brown Small Drop (Eupodotis Humilis)
- Rod? Houbaropsis
- Bearded Small Drop (Houbaropsis Bengalensis)
- Rod Lissotis
- Malaya Drop Black (Lissotis Melanogaster)
- Sudanese Small Drop (Lissotis Hartlaubii)
- Rod Lophotis
- Red-haired Small Drop (Lophotis Ruficrista)
- Lophotis Savilei.
- Lophotis Gindiana.
- Rod African Drops (Neotis)
- South African Drof (Neotis Ludwigii)
- Kafrian African Drop (Neotis Denhami)
- Somali African Drof (Neotis Heuglinii)
- Nubian African Drofa (Neotis Nuba)
- Rod Drops (OTIS)
- Drop (Otis Tarda)
- Rod Small Indian Drops (Sypheotides)
- Small Indian Drop (Sypheotides Indica)
- Rod Streps (Tetrax)
- Strept (Tetrax Tetrax)
Description
The size and weight of birds varies significantly from 40 to 120 cm and from 0.45 to 19 kg, respectively; Most. large representative The family is considered an African Big Drop (ArDeotis Kori), reaching the height of 110 cm and weight up to 19 kg, which makes it one of the most massive flying birds on the ground.
The physique is strong. The head is relatively large, at the top slightly flattened. Fabrics of childbirth Dropow (OTIS), large drofs (ardeotis), African Drops (Neotis), black drofs (Lissotis), beauty drofs (chlamydotis) and floricans (houbaropsis) games. The beak is short, straight. The neck is long, slightly thickened. The wings are large and strong, when the bird's hazard appears, they most often try to fly away. Legs are long, with wide and relatively short fingers, on which in the lower part there are hard corn coat. The rear finger is missing, which speaks of their ground-based lifestyle. Males dolls larger females, which is most noticeable large species - The difference in their size reaches 1/3 of the length of the other gender; Small species have a difference less noticeable.
The plumage is predominantly protective shades: in the upper part brown or finely transversely striped, which is well drained the birds pressed against the ground with environmental. At the bottom of the plumage is different: in species inhabiting open spaces, it is often white; And with thick vegetation, sometimes black. Many species on wings have black and white spots, imperceptible on earth and well visible when flying. Males, as a rule, painted more vividly compared to females, at least during the reproduction period; An exception is the genus small darphs (Eupodotis), where the plumage of both sexes looks the same.
Lifestyle
Dropini leads exceptionally ground lifestyle, never using trees or shrubs. Several species such as Drofa (Otis Tarda) are collected in flocks, and the latter live in groups of several thousand individuals. Types that adopted to deserts, such as beauty drofs, live more secluded. Some species are going to groups only during the marriage season. Often they can be seen among the herds of grazing animals, where they hunt for disturbed insects and are more protected from attacking predators.
Only a few populations are exclusively a settling lifestyle, most of the same roar or are flight birds. Species that breed in Asia migrate to a long distance in winter.
Food
DROFIN omnivores and have a very wide dietary range. However, most species still prevail vegetable food. They use young shoots, flowers and leaves herbatous plants; roll soft roots; Feed fruits and seeds. In addition, they feed on various insects: beetles, grasshoppers and other arthropods. Sometimes they eat small vertebrates in food: reptiles, rodents, etc., do not be broaded and Padal. Birds for a long time They can do without water, but when it is presented, it drinks it well.
Reproduction
The reproduction period usually coincides with the rainy season when there is an abundance of food. When courtcania, males of many species arrange a lush demonstrations, at which they are capable of thumbing the neck, to publish an impressive drum trill, and also blow it out like a balloon. Small species, especially those living among high grass, jump high in the air or make small flights so that it is noticeable at a distance.
As a rule, there are no long relationships between female and male, and after fertilization, the female rands eggs and removes chickens alone. The nest is arranged on Earth, in a slight recess, eliminated herbal vegetation. The female postpones 1-6 (most often 2-4) eggs for several days. The incubation period is different from different species, but in general lasts in a small interval of 20-25 days. Paths of broken type and are able to leave the nest after a few hours after birth.
