Helicopters appeared over battlefields relatively soon after the end of World War II. First mass application rotary-wing aircraft took place during the Korean conflict, and the Americans became the pioneers in this. Initially, helicopters served as reconnaissance officers, fire spotters, and evacuated the wounded (thanks to the use of helicopters for evacuation, the survival rate of wounded soldiers in the US Army increased several times). At the dawn of their military career, helicopters did not perform strike functions.
The new type aircraft there were many opponents: the low speed of the helicopters was noted, their insufficient protection even from small arms. But the experience of using attack versions of these machines eventually dispelled all fears, and helicopters firmly took their place on the battlefield.
After some time, the world entered the era of the final collapse of the colonial system, and armed conflicts broke out in different parts of the planet, characterized by active guerrilla actions. It turned out that helicopters, unlike combat aircraft, are excellent for fighting partisans.
The turning point in the history of combat helicopters came in October 1973, when, during the Arab-Israeli conflict, 18 Israeli Cobra helicopters destroyed 90 Egyptian tanks in one flight. From that day on, one of the main tasks of combat helicopters was the fight against armored vehicles.
The Soviet Union did not immediately see the potential of helicopters, but then quickly began to catch up. In 1971, the first prototype of the Soviet Mi-24 attack helicopter appeared. This legendary vehicle is still in service in Russia and many other countries. During its long service, the “crocodile” managed to take part in dozens of conflicts and passed severe tests Afghan war and has undergone numerous improvements. If the American Bell UH Huey helicopter is a symbol vietnam war, then the Mi-24 “crocodile” is a symbol of the war in Afghanistan.
The Mi-24 was conceived as a flying infantry fighting vehicle: in addition to powerful weapons and armor protection, it had an airborne compartment in which it could deliver infantry to the battlefield and then support it with fire. But in reality, it turned out that landings from the Mi-24 were carried out extremely rarely, and as a rule, the helicopter was used as an attack vehicle. So the attempt to create a multi-purpose helicopter was not entirely successful, and in the mid-70s of the last century the USSR decided to create a new generation combat helicopter. To develop a promising strike vehicle, a competition was announced between the Mil and Kamov design bureaus. As a result of this competition, the best to date were born combat helicopters Russia: Mi-28 “Night Hunter” and Ka-50 “Black Shark” (and Ka-52 “Alligator”).
Mi-28 "Night Hunter"
Technical characteristics of the Ka-50 “Black Shark” helicopter
One of the main reasons for the cessation of production of the Ka-50 was precisely the “single-seat” nature of this helicopter.” Piloting a helicopter at low altitudes is very difficult, and it is even more difficult to fire at the enemy. A coaxial helicopter is quite difficult to pilot and requires serious skill from the pilot. Therefore, the Ka-50 “Black Shark” was replaced by the Ka-52 “Alligator”.
Ka-52 is a two-seat modification of the Ka-50. The helicopter differs from its predecessor in a modified nose section and a set of new radio-electronic equipment. The Ka-52 was originally conceived as a command vehicle coordinating the actions of a group of Ka-50 helicopters.
The Ka-52 is equipped with the Argument-2000 multifunctional navigation system, which makes the helicopter all-weather and capable of flying at any time of the day. It consists of a search and targeting system GOES-451 and a surveillance and flight control system.
The armament is similar to that of the Ka-50.
One more interesting car, which is already supplied in various configurations to the Armed Forces and civilian customers, is the Ansat helicopter, developed and manufactured at the Kazan Helicopter Plant. "Ansat" is built according to the classic single-propeller design and has two gas turbine engines. It can lift up to 1300 kilograms of cargo or 9 passengers.
Ansat made its first flight in 1999. The machine is universal: it can transport cargo, passengers, and be used as a medical and search and rescue helicopter. Kazan designers have created a modification "" - a training helicopter for training cadets of military schools.
Swift Mi
Information appeared in the press about the development of a new high-speed helicopter at the Mil Design Bureau. The project of the new car should be completed in 2019. In 2014-2015, it was planned to allocate 4 billion rubles from the state budget for this project.
Initially, the Kamov Design Bureau also participated in this program, but the Mil Design Bureau project was considered more successful. The new helicopter should have a flight range of up to 1.5 thousand kilometers and reach speeds of up to 450 km/h. The helicopter is being created for the needs of civil aviation.
It can be added that other countries are also working on the creation of high-speed helicopters. In particular, a similar machine is now being developed at Sikorsky Aircraft.
The old horse doesn't spoil the furrows
Today in Russia there are only a large number of old, time-tested Mi-24. Back in 1999, a modernization program for these helicopters was developed. The updated vehicle received the designation Mi-35. It is produced for the needs of the Russian Ministry of Defense and exported abroad.
The new helicopter is equipped with a new thermal imaging system and night vision devices. In addition, the Mi-35 is equipped with a satellite navigation system that allows you to accurately determine the coordinates of the vehicle.
By the beginning of 2014, 24 Mi-35s were manufactured for the Russian Ministry of Defense, and almost 50 more units were planned to be transferred to the Russian military by 2019.
Mi-171A2 and Mi-38
Another interesting machine currently under development state tests, is a Mi-171A2 helicopter. This is nothing more than a deep modernization of the famous Mi-8. In essence, this machine is a continuation of the glorious traditions of the Mi-8/17 helicopters, made at the modern technological level, using the most modern technologies and materials. The new helicopter will be equipped with modern system controls, power plant, interior will be redone. In 2014, the helicopter was certified, and in 2016 it began mass production.
Another replica of the Mi-8/17 is the Mi-38 cargo-passenger helicopter. Many modifications have been made to this car. Modern avionics, all-glass cockpit, extensive use of composite materials. The helicopter's main rotors are made entirely of composite materials and do not require replacement during the entire service life of the machine.
Several modifications of the Mi-38 have been created, capable of performing different functions: carrying passengers and cargo, performing search and rescue operations. Test flights were carried out in 2014, and the Mi-38 was certified at the beginning of 2015.
Video about the latest Russian helicopters
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The armies of the world have recently begun to use combat helicopters. As a matter of fact, a total of 27 models of these machines were created. But which one is the best? this moment? We have compiled a short list, selecting applicants based on several important parameters. A combined indicator of performance, speed, protection, agility, firepower and avionics capabilities was taken into account. All attack helicopters on this list are incredibly powerful killing machines.
Mi-24
The Russian Mi-24 remains one of the most famous attack helicopters around the world. Although production of the machine ceased in 1991, it is still in use in many countries. The helicopter is equipped with a double 23 mm cannon and carries Sturm-V, Ataka-V and Hermes-A missiles.
Apache
The US AH-64D Longbow Apache (“Apache” according to the Russian classification) serves as the main attack helicopter of the US Army and is the most common attack helicopter in the world. It was actively used during the Gulf War. The Apache is armed with a 30 mm M230 cannon, carries 16 AGM-114L Hellfire 2 missiles, 4 Mistral 2 air-to-air missiles and can be equipped with anti-ship missiles.
Mongoose
Italy The first attack helicopter developed in Europe. The Agusta A129 Mangusta is a two-seat light vehicle designed specifically for attacking armored targets. A pair of 20 mm cannons, 12.7 caliber machine guns and 8 TOW-2A anti-tank missiles.
Kestrel
South Africa The Denel AH-2 Rooivalk helicopter is designed to attack enemy personnel and equipment, but is also actively used as a support and escort vehicle. On board the Kestrel carries a 20 mm caliber cannon, and air-to-air and air-to-ground guided missiles are mounted on 6 hardpoints.
Z-10
China The Chinese Z-10 Gunship helicopter is the first specialized attack helicopter of the PRC. The Z-10 is considered to be in the same class as the A-129 Mangusta and Rooivalk AH-2. The helicopter body has a standard Gunship configuration with a narrow fuselage. The Z-10 is equipped with a 30 mm cannon and carries 10 HJ-9 or HJ-10 anti-tank missiles.
Tiger
France/Germany One of the most modern helicopters in the world, the Eurocopter Tiger, is currently in service with Germany and France. This medium-weight twin-engine attack helicopter first entered service in 2003.
Mi-28
Russia The Russian beauty “Night Hunter” (Havok, “Devastator” according to NATO classification) is designed to search and destroy targets in conditions of active fire resistance from enemy tanks. This armored killer has a top speed of 200 mph, making it a very difficult target. The Night Hunter is armed with two 30 mm cannons and air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles.
Ka-52
Russia The Alligator's predatory contours can frighten even experienced enemy pilots. This powerful helicopter, one of the fastest and most advanced in the world, uses 30 mm cannons, anti-tank missiles, Igla-5 air-to-air missiles, and an armored killer with a speed of 320 km/h, making it a very difficult target. The Night Hunter is armed with two 30 mm cannons and air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles.
Viper
The US Bell AH-1Z Viper is a modern version of the AH-1 Cobra. It is the only attack helicopter with a fully integrated air-to-missile capability. 6 hardpoints, 16 air-to-ground guided missiles and 8 AIM-9 unguided missiles.
Since the advent of helicopters, the scope of their operation has become very extensive. They are excellent for delivering various types of cargo or evacuating the wounded, as well as for delivering precise and lightning strikes against the enemy. Our review presents 19 of the best models of military transport helicopters from around the world.
1. Attack helicopter - McDonnell Douglas AH-64 Apache
McDonnell Douglas AH-64 Apache is the main attack helicopter of the United States Army and has been in service since the mid-1980s. The model is equipped with a powerful gas turbine engine, thanks to which the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 293 kilometers per hour. The presented sample weighs approximately 5165 kilograms. Its length is 18 m and its wingspan is 15 meters.
2. Multi-purpose helicopter - Westland Lynx
Westland Lynx
3. Attack helicopter - Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne
Westland Lynx is a British multi-purpose helicopter that was created by two companies Westland and Aerospatiale. The model made its first flight on March 21, 1971, and entered service at the end of 1978. The maximum permissible flight speed is 324 kilometers per hour. The length of this model reaches 15 m, and the wingspan is 13 meters.
4. Multi-purpose helicopter - Boeing / Sikorsky RAH-66 Comanche
Boeing/Sikorsky RAH-66 Comanche is an American multi-role reconnaissance and attack helicopter that made its first flight on January 4, 1996. The model weighs approximately 4218 kilograms, while its maximum flight speed reaches 324 kilometers per hour. One fully filled tank will last approximately 2220 km. The length of the presented aircraft is 14 m, and the wingspan is 12 meters.
5. Multi-purpose helicopter - Ka-60 “Kasatka”
Ka-60 "Killer whale" is a Russian multi-purpose military transport helicopter with a length of 16 m and a wingspan of 14 meters. This model is equipped with a powerful gas turbine engine, thanks to which the maximum flight speed can reach 308 km per hour. One fully filled tank will last the aircraft approximately 615 kilometers.
6. Attack helicopter - Mi-24
Mi-24 is a Soviet/Russian attack helicopter developed at the Moscow plant named after M. L. Mil. The presented model is equipped with a powerful gas turbine engine, thanks to which the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 335 kilometers per hour. The length of the model is approximately 18 m, and the wingspan is 6.5 meters. The model made its first flight in 1969. The cost of the Mi-24 is approximately 12 million US dollars.
7. Multi-purpose helicopter - Mi-26
Mi-26 is a Soviet heavy multi-purpose transport helicopter developed at the Moscow plant named after M. L. Mil. The presented model is equipped with a powerful gas turbine engine, thanks to which the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 295 kilometers per hour. This sample weighs 28 tons, and is approximately 40 meters long, while the flight range from one fully filled tank is approximately 800 km. The cost of the Mi-26 is about 18 million US dollars.
8. Attack helicopter - Agusta A129 Mangusta
Agusta A129 Mangusta is an attack helicopter developed by the Italian company Agusta. The presented model weighs 2.5 tons, while the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 352 kilometers per hour. The length of this sample is approximately 14 meters, and the flight range from one fully filled tank is 510 km. It made its first flight on September 15, 1983. The Agusta A129 Mangusta costs about 22 million US dollars.
9. Attack helicopter - Bell AH-1Z Viper
Bell AH-1Z Viper is an American attack helicopter based on the Bell AH-1 Super Cobra. The presented model weighs 5.5 tons, while the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 411 kilometers per hour. The length of this sample is approximately 18 meters, and the flight range from one fully filled tank is 685 km. It made its first flight on December 8, 2000. The Bell AH-1Z Viper costs about $31 million.
10. Military transport helicopter - Boeing CH-47 Chinook
Boeing CH-47 Chinook- This is a heavy military transport helicopter with a longitudinal design. In the United States Army, it replaced the CH-54 model and has been widely used since the early 1960s, exported to 16 countries. The length of this sample is approximately 30 meters. It made its first flight in 1962. The Boeing CH-47 Chinook costs about $35 million.
11. Multi-role helicopter - Bell UH-1 Iroquois
Bell UH-1 "Iroquois" is an American multi-purpose helicopter created by Bell Helicopter Textron. It is one of the most famous and popular machines in the history of helicopter manufacturing. Serial production began in 1960. The model is equipped with a powerful gas turbine engine. It made its first flight on October 20, 1956, and was put into operation at the end of 1959.
12. Attack helicopter - Denel AH-2 Rooivalk
Denel AH-2 Rooivalk is a South African attack helicopter manufactured by Denel Aerospace Systems. This model weighs about 5,730 kilograms, and the flight range from one fully filled tank reaches about 740 kilometers. The maximum permissible speed of the model is approximately 309 km/h. The aircraft made its first flight in 1990. The Denel AH-2 Rooivalk costs approximately $40 million.
13. Attack helicopter - Eurocopter Tiger
Eurocopter Tiger is a modern attack helicopter developed by the Franco-German consortium Eurocopter. This model weighs about 3060 kilograms, and the flight range from one fully filled tank reaches about 800 kilometers. The maximum permissible speed of the model is approximately 230 km/h. The aircraft made its first flight in April 1990.
14. Attack helicopter - Ka-52 “Alligator”
Ka-52 "Alligator" is a Russian attack helicopter that is capable of hitting armored vehicles, manpower and air targets on the battlefield. It is a modernized version of the Ka-50 “Black Shark” model.
15. Attack helicopter - CAIC WZ-10
CAIC WZ-10 is an attack helicopter manufactured by the People's Republic of China. Developed with the participation of Russian scientists. Adopted by the PLA in February 2011. The model is equipped with a powerful gas turbine engine, thanks to which the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 300 km/h. It weighs about 5540 kilograms, and the flight range from one fully filled tank is 820 kilometers. The sample made its first flight on April 29, 2003.
16. Multi-purpose helicopter - Mi-2
Mi-2 is a Soviet multi-purpose helicopter developed by the M. L. Mil Design Bureau in the early 1960s. In 1965, mass production was launched in Poland. Widely used to perform a variety of civil and military tasks. Its length is 11 m and its wingspan is 14 meters. The model is equipped with a powerful GTD-350 engine, thanks to which the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 200 kilometers per hour.
17. Attack helicopter - Ka-50
Ka-50 is a Soviet/Russian single-seat attack helicopter designed to destroy armored and mechanized vehicles, air targets and manpower on the battlefield. Its length is 16 m and its wingspan is 14 meters. The model is equipped with a powerful TV3-117 engine, thanks to which the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 390 kilometers per hour. Made its first flight on June 17, 1982. The Ka-50 costs about 16 million US dollars.
18. Multi-purpose helicopter - Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk
Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk is an American multi-purpose helicopter that entered service with the United States Army, replacing the previous Bell UH-1 model. The maximum permissible flight speed of this aircraft is 294 kilometers per hour. Its length reaches 20 m, and its wingspan is 16 meters. The Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk costs approximately $21 million.
19. Multi-purpose helicopter - Mi-8
Mi-8 is a Soviet/Russian multi-purpose helicopter developed at the Moscow plant named after M.L. Mile. It is the most popular twin-engine helicopter in the world. The presented model is equipped with a powerful gas turbine engine, thanks to which the maximum speed of the aircraft can reach 260 kilometers per hour. The length of the model is approximately 18 m, and the wingspan is 21 meters. The model made its first flight in 1967.
And aircraft lovers will probably be interested in looking at these
Thanks to the State Armaments Program until 2020, unprecedented in its scale, for the third year in a row, the Russian military-industrial complex ranks first in the world in terms of industry growth rates and second place in terms of arms exports and military equipment. The recently published ranking of the largest arms manufacturers by the Stockholm Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) includes six domestic companies, five of which (except UAC) have significantly improved their performance compared to the previous study. The first place in terms of export revenue was taken by the Almaz-Antey air defense concern ($5.51 billion), rising in the SIPRI ranking by eight lines, to 14th place. The most “advanced” on the list was the Russian Helicopters holding, which immediately moved up ten positions. In 2012, it sold $3.52 billion worth of military equipment, rising from 35th to 25th place. The company's most popular product was attack helicopters Ka-52 “Alligator”, the annual “order” for which exceeds $0.9 billion. This is an absolute record in modern history. Let's figure out what the secret of the success of the new Russian rotary-wing aircraft is.
Photo by RIA Novosti
The Ka-52 Alligator attack helicopter (NATO classification Hokum B) is a further development of the famous Ka-50 Black Shark helicopter. The main difference between the Ka-52 and the Ka-50 is the presence of a second seat for the weapons operator, which expands the functionality of the Ka-52 from a purely attack helicopter to a reconnaissance and command vehicle capable of performing reconnaissance, target designation and coordinating the actions of a group of helicopters.However, if you compare it performance characteristics with world analogues in service with other countries, the conclusion is quite obvious that the Russian development is objectively the bestattack helicopter in the world. This device has a long list of unsurpassed qualities that are unattainable even for promising devices currently being tested for the US Army.A comparative analysis of the performance characteristics of the Ka-52 with other new helicopters in the world gives a clear answer about its superiority by main positions, including in comparison withthe best American all-weathercombat helicopter AH-64D "Apache".
First of all, it is unique maneuverability - it can even fly tail-first at a speed of 130 km/h, sideways - 100 km/h, withperform such aerobatic maneuverss with huge overloads, whichand never dreamed of by NATO and US pilots. Maximum s crust Ka-52 - 370 km/h - also the highest on the planet.If we talk about all the technical advantages of our device, we would have to write a book. Perhaps with among the main “best” characteristicsIt is still worth noting its amazing all-weather capability - it can fly even in a hurricane with wind speeds of up to 140 km/h and at the same time clearly maintain its position in the air according to radar coordinates and satellite data.
In the “ball” behind the cockpit glazing you will find tsya optics of the "Boxwood" survey and search system, daytime television system for normal and lowillumination, thermal imager, laserrangefinder-target designator combined with a laser spot direction finder for automatic target tracking and illumination when moving andhelicopter, and targets. During the day in good timesIn hot weather, “Boxwood” allows you to detect and recognize a tank from distances of up to 15 km(American Apach latest generation only for 12 km). The nose cone took painThe Arbalet-52 radar antenna, which detects a tank from a distance of 20 km, provides a mapterrain and warns about dangerobstacles. A small antenna of the same station was installed above the propeller hub to detect air targets and other objects - she even detects enemy shells and attacking missiles.
Takeoff power of the uprated TVZ-117VMA F amounts to 2500 hp, and in emergency mode, if one of the two engines fails, the other produces up to 2800 hp. The new electro-hydraulic control system improves throttle response, stability and reliability during transient conditions and during missile launches. Implemented recovery from surge and “rotating stall” of the compressor, as well as automaticrestoration of the regime when aglochania.
The Ka-52 is equipped with new pr and fully aerobatic m and navigation complex "Argument-2000". It included a survey and flight system, search-sighting system GOES-451. They can work around the clockaccurately and in the fog together with the Arbalet-52 locator included in this complex, the main antenna of which anov Lena in the bow. All equipment including onboard defense complex, as well as three radio stations, a classification system and data transmission equipment, the BKS-50 communication complex is integrated into a single whole by the on-board network of the Baget-53 on-board computer with an open architecture, which allows you to change the composition of combat systems without replacing hardware by installing a new one "software".
The main weapon of warabout the helicopter is anti-tankforged missile system– ATGM"Vortex" . Its 9A4172 automated laser-guided missile destroys a tank with armor equivalent to a 900 mm homogeneous steel plate from a distance of up to 3 km. Moreover d dynamic protection is not an obstacle to its tandem cumulative high-explosive fragmentation warhead."Whirlwind" surpasses even similar to the American ATGM AGM-114A,which the States are so proud of,but Tula gunsmiths have already created a modernized complex of strike weapons (KUV) "Vikhr-M" with a family of missiles9M4172. One rocket complexth destroys a tank with a 1000 mm brobehind her dynamic protection from a range of 400 m to 10 km with a probability of 80%. At the American DARPA Such characteristics are still laid down only on paper as a promising task.The round-the-clock destruction of not only armored vehicles, but also defensive structures of standard warheads or new ones - fragmentation and thermobaric - is ensured. The Ka-52 helicopter can cover four targets with a series of Whirlwind missiles in 30 seconds.KUV "Vikhr-M" can fire beyond the radiusand the reach of self-propelled missilescomplexes "Roland", MANPADS "Stinger", "Mistral" and artillery systems"Cheetah", currently in service with NATO countries.
The Ka-52 arsenal also includes Kh-25ML guided missiles with a heavy warhead, spdesigned for drums itself letov. Its classic weapons remainand unguided missiles -The Ka-52 carries four B-8V20 blocks of twenty 80-mm S-8 shells, which are supplied in 15 modifications with warheads of cumulative-fragmentation, volume-detonating or high-explosive-penetrating action, and against infantryyou are amazing with arrow-shapedmi elements, etc. The American AN-64 also carries four NAR units, but with 19 rounds, and missilesthey are weaker - 68 mm caliber. TOIn addition to light S-8 shells, our Ka-52 can take 10 heavy S-13 422 mm caliber missiles or four S-24 (240 mm). The traditional armament of Russian combat helicopters is free-falling bombs, which is not provided for the AN-64.
P The advantage of the Ka-52 Alligator's armament over similar NATO helicopters is also a 2A42 gun. American M-230ve children fire n and the range is up to 1500 m, and the combat range of our gun is 4000 m, and lethal effect Russian shells are higher than American M789 and M799, – at a distance of 1500 m they are abouthit 15 mm steel armor at a meeting angle of 60 degreesmustache is an unattainable indicator in the world. American The Russian gun uses special aircraft projectiles, and the reserve types are aircraft ammunition ushek – an English ADEN or French DEFA, but their ballistic data is even lower.
Size cannon position near the center mass on the Ka-52 increases maneuverability and speed of the vehicle, and the shooting accuracy is four times higher than that of the AN-64. In addition to the 2A42, the Ka-52 can take two UPK 23-250 suspended containers with GSh-23L cannons, which are effective againstfor lightly armored targets andfilament installations at short ranges. In the Ka-52 cockpit there is an indicator installed against the background of the IPS-28K windshield. With its help you can shoot not only at ground targets, but also atmaneuvering air targets. Kamovsky verThe aircraft also has air-to-air guided missiles. He carries four 9M39 Igla-V missiles. This modification of the tested in boYu portable anti-aircraft systemA satellite with a passive homing head reliably identifies the true target at a rate of shooting traps one every 0.3 seconds with their radiation power exceeding the radiation of the target itself.
Now the main thing is maneuverability.A conventional helicopter spends on compensating the reaction torque of the supporting rotorra tail rotor up to 10-20% powerengine performance, and when changing the operating mode of the power plant, the pilot must adjust the thrust. The coaxial circuit does not allow such losses, and thanks to its higher efficiency, its energy characteristicscharacteristics are 6-10% higher. OsoThis is especially important when accelerating from hover mode, for example, when attacking from an ambush. Its aerodynamic symmetry improves stability and controllability, and the absence of cross aerodynamic connections between the longitudinaland lateral movement and independentThe power of control channels makes piloting easier and safer. When changing the flight mode, the pilot of an AN-64 or Mi-28 must counter the rebalancing of the machine by rolling and sliding, and the pilot of the Ka-52 is not distracted by this and does not waste the thrust of the power plant. Demoted and Negative influence air flows. U coaxial helicopterand less moments of inertia and painhigher control torques, which makes it possible to perform more energetic maneuvers using normal overload. Thanks to the increased power of longitudinal control, the Ka-52 “hangs” at the end of the maneuver. All this allows him to doincredible “pas” in the air - That, something that pilots of other helicopters only dream of.Only the Ka-52 can perform specific combat maneuver - flat turn, an energetic course change without the use of normal g-force. The Ka-52 flies with a glide, which is unacceptable in the RV scheme, and attacks a conventional helicopter by simply turning its nose towards it and without changing course. He can fly steadilytail first at speeds up to 130 km/h, and at a speed of 230 km/h the sliding angles reach ±90 degrees. The enemy, in order to take a position for attack, needs to turn around “like an airplane,” spending more time. Flat turn with the nose against the windallows you to sit down safelylow forward speeds when aerodynamic speed determination devices do not work.
The energy and independence of control channels make it possible for the Ka-52 to continuously fire at the chain, constantly moving around it using the “funnel” maneuver. He can attack suddenly, energetically avoiding hills horizontally (slalom maneuver") or bending around them verticallythe “dolphin” neurome, which allows you to destroy rapid-fire anti-aircraft guns while in the zone of their fire. The special operating mode of the Arbalet-52 radar allows you to use these techniques even at night. Less stringent restrictionschanges in angular movementsThe Ka-52 is capable of performing vertical maneuvers: “oblique loop”, “somersault”, “rising barrel” with rolls up to 140 degrees mustache and pitch angles of 90 degrees mustache
Booking protectionprotects the crew from fire from 12.7 mm machine guns and high-energy fragments of shells and rockets. The fuel system is protected from fire and explosion of fuel, as well as from the occurrence of hydraulic shock in the tanks during an emergency position dke. The flight experiment showed that the Ka-52 is capable of continuing to fly even if the tail unit is completely destroyed, while the AN-64 andother modern helicopters do not retain controlsusceptibility in case of tail rotor failure. Screen-based screens help prevent being hit by heat-seeking missiles.exhaust devicescompressing, dissipating and distorting the thermal signature of engines. Means I will warnwarnings of a missile attack, aboutdetecting a helicopter by enemy radars and laser target designation and jamming systemsnew equipment put into drillingcommercial defense complex controlled by a computer.
If both engines fail, autorotation remains. An airplane in such a situationanimates, the helicopter uses sarotor rotation. Aerodynamic symmetry and absenceTwee cross-links in control make autorotation landing safer compared to a conventional helicopter. Besides, The Ka-52 crew is protected from impact. If there is time to lower the landing gear, then the main part of the load will be absorbed by its shock absorbers, and then the struts, breaking, will protect the fuselage and cabin from heavy damage. The armored bow resists deformation, and under the seats there are special crushable blocks that absorb the energy of the fall. There are also ejection seats K-37-800M. They are specially developedfor helicopters, taking into account specialdata on their application and fully tested on a flying laboratory. During ejection, a special device “breaks” the glazing of the aircraft.bins, and shoot off the propeller blades are changing.
The Ka-52's onboard systems and weapons make it possible to find and engage carefully camouflaged, "quiet" non-emitting missiles.projects, and this is extremely important in theod, when stealth technology is actively being implemented in the navy and in ground forces. The ability to operate against ground, sea and air targets makes the Ka-52 indispensable in offensive, defensive, and peacekeeping operations, and in the fight against militant gangs.
Order for Ka-52 helicopters for the Ministry of Defense Russia is 240 pieces. 21 helicopters were manufactured in 2012, V In 2013, the Russian Defense Ministry received 24 more; in 2014, according to the plan, there will be 28.About a hundred cars are going to be accepted at the militaryweapons Navyfor fire support of amphibious assault forces, escort of carrier-based transport-landing helicopters, destruction of small and medium-sized shipsth displacement.
Thousands of helicopters - from small ones, weighing several tens of kilograms, to multi-ton giants - regularly plow the expanses of the ocean of air. A helicopter, unlike an airplane, does not need airfields, since it is capable of taking off, landing vertically, moving horizontally at different speeds and hovering in the airspace in one place. Such properties of a helicopter make it a valuable, and in some cases, not at all replaceable machine.
Helicopters transport passengers and cargo to remote villages located among forests or mountains, detect schools of fish in the sea, and help fight forest fires and floods. With their help, they successfully control field pests, carry out gravimetric and geophysical surveys of the area, check high-voltage power lines for serviceability, etc. last years They are systematically used as cranes on construction sites, when laying pipelines, and so on. Helicopters are an important component air force in many countries of the world. Scientists around the world are responsible for the creation of the scientific theory of helicopters, without which it would have been impossible to achieve such successes in modern helicopter engineering.
Traditionally, the entire helicopter market is divided into two parts: civil and military. Civil, in turn, contains helicopters of government agencies and commercial companies that provide assistance in emergency situations and public safety. Rapidly developing areas in the civil sector are transport helicopters with luxury cabins for VIP flights and helicopters for servicing offshore oil platforms.
The civilian spectrum of the market is far superior to the military. However, in real monetary terms, according to experts, military helicopters account for more than 70 percent of the contract value of deliveries. The main reason for this is the widespread aging of military helicopters of previous generations. Many countries around the world have approached the cyclical need for a global renewal of their helicopter fleets.
Russian Helicopters
Despite all the crises, our helicopter industry is still developing, albeit not at the rate we would like, but, most importantly, there is a trend of forward movement. Helicopter sales volumes in well-known corporations in our country are constantly increasing. The introduction and implementation of many programs for the sale of new and modernization of existing air technology. Effective development of the industry in the future requires a constant increase in orders with government support.
Many holdings have enormous potential for development, since the domestic helicopter industry is one of the leading in the world. Many scientific and design solutions of Russian and Soviet designers are still used abroad. Our Mi-8, Mi-12 can be found in any country. They have been incredibly popular for decades.
Of course, not everything has yet been realized. We face serious challenges in reforming the industry, which should entail financial and production indicators. It is important that the Russian aircraft operator has the opportunity to buy the helicopter that he needs. We need to expand our presence in the global helicopter market. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to overcome the technical gap from the world's leading airlines, primarily in terms of equipping the industry with modern equipment.
The reconstruction of the Russian helicopter industry is a long-simmering problem that needs to be solved. Follow-up in modern conditions market economy while maintaining the structure of the planned system, it becomes much more complicated, but clear improvements are still noticeable.
Helicopters of the world
Helicopter technology is operated in more than 190 countries. As already mentioned, it is used for both military and civilian purposes.
The current situation in the helicopter industry is based on production and demand, which is provided by customer operators. The global helicopter market has formed three main classes of aircraft:
- 1) heavy – more than 15 tons;
- 2) medium – 5−15 tons;
- 3) light – up to 5 tons.
But often a more detailed breakdown is used to classify the world park, and transitional models are also taken into account.
In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the production and sale of helicopters. Over the past five years, more than 8 thousand helicopters worth about $40 billion have been sold on the world market.
At the stage of creation and formation, helicopter manufacturing can be characterized by the following features: staged and regional in its development. As you know, helicopters became widely used only in the 20th century. It is necessary to note 3 stages in development: formation, constant Soviet-American competition and the modern Euro-American stage.
As a result, today there are 4 regions for the creation and production of helicopters: European, American, Russia and countries former USSR, India-China.
