A bombed echelon with reinforcements from Biysk and Kainsk. Brest Fortress 741 Rifle Regiment of 128 Rifle Division

Plan:

1. History
- 1.1 1941
- 1.2 1942
- 1.3 1943
- 1.4 1944
- 1.5 1945
2 Composition
3 Submission
4 Commanders
5 Awards and titles
6 Distinguished soldiers of the division
7 Memory
8 Famous people related to the division

Introduction

128th Rifle Pskov Red Banner Division, military unit of the Red Army in the Great Patriotic War.

1. History

The division was deployed on the territory of the Omsk region (Ishim) on the basis of the 311th infantry regiment 65th Infantry Division in August 1939.

Took some part at the end of the Winter War

In the active army during the Second World War from June 22, 1941 to September 18, 1944 and from January 5, 1945 to May 11, 1945.

1.1. 1941

On June 21, 1941, it occupies the area of Lozdzee, Serze, Simno. The division headquarters was located in a forest 5 kilometers west of Serze. Actually, only the 2nd Battalion of the 374th Rifle Regiment and the 741st Rifle Regiment deployed on the border. The 292nd artillery regiment was located on the outskirts of Serze. The reconnaissance battalion was located much east of Serze.

Came under attack from the troops of the 3rd tank group (in total about 600 tanks) together with one regiment from the 188th rifle division on a 50-kilometer sector and on June 9-35 on June 22, 1941, it was known about the division that it was mostly surrounded , there was no exact information about her condition. In general, in the combat reports of the end of June 1941, the phrase "the situation is unknown" is repeated.

From the beginning of July 1941, the fate of the division becomes very confusing:

Firstly, at the beginning of July, rifle division number 128 is formed in Pushkinskie Gory completely anew, as part of the 1st and 2nd rifle regiments and the 482nd artillery regiment;
Secondly, some part of the personnel of the division, defeated on the border, went to the area of Polotsk, then Vitebsk, where by the morning of July 3, 1941, a section of defense was assigned to it in the zone of the 22nd Army, and the higher command was reported about the withdrawal of the division, which kept also number 128;

The personnel of the 22nd Army division from July 5, 1941 was supposed to be transferred to the newly formed division in Pushkin Hills, but in reality he did not get to it, being "torn" different parts and groups of the 24th and 65th rifle corps. Thus, in fact, it can be considered that since July 1941 the division has been operating as a second formation.

For nine days, the division stubbornly defends Pushkinskie Gory, where it gets surrounded, leaves it and then leads fighting near the station Sushchevo. On July 8, 1941, it had 1,771 bayonets, 6 field guns, 10 anti-tank guns, 15 mortars and 1 armored car, on July 15, 1941, numbering 1,738 personnel, it became part of the 65th rifle corps, being reinforced by 806- m rifle regiment, 4 batteries of the 682nd light artillery regiment and the 217th separate anti-tank defense battalion from the arrived 235th rifle division.

At the end of July 1941, the entire personnel of the division was transferred to the 21st Mechanized Corps, and the command departed to the Shimsk area, where the division in the area of the Medved village was again formed anew, mainly from the local population, with a command staff of 70-80 % from the storerooms. Thus, in fact, the third formation of the division was formed.

Upon formation, it took up positions on the left flank of the Luga line, on the Novgorod direction in the Shimsk region, together with the 1st separate mountain rifle brigade. With the beginning of the German offensive during three days, from August 10 to 12, 1941, repels the attacks of three infantry divisions, and from August 12, 1941, she began to retreat to the north, to Batetskaya, then retreats in the direction of Chudovo - Lyuban and further to Shlisselburg. All control of the regiments of the division by the headquarters was lost: and the headquarters itself was no longer in fact. The division commander and the chief of artillery were wounded and evacuated, the chief of staff was slightly wounded, and no one knew anything about the location of the division commissar. On August 21, 1941, it is located between the settlements of Svoryanitsy, the Volkhovo state farm. At the southern tip of Lake Ladoga in early September 1941, it became part of the 54th Army and is actually being formed anew - for the fourth time.

In September 1941, she took up defenses south of Lake Ladoga on a 10-kilometer stretch from the village of Lipki on the shores of Lake Ladoga and south to Gontova Lipka, 13 kilometers from the Neva. On October 2, 1941, she held the defenses at the Lipka line, Lake Glukhoe, 2 kilometers north-west of Gaitolovo, having the 4th Guards Rifle Division as a left neighbor and until January 1943, the division, conducting offensive and defensive battles, was on this defense sector, many times trying to break through the defenses and reach the Neva from the east. The division headquarters was in the village of Nazia

1.2. 1942

In August 1942, the division took part in the Sinyavino offensive operation. In the course of it, the division provided the defense of the front of the entire 8th Army from Lake Ladoga to the breakthrough site near Sinyavino, undertaking a limited offensive on Workers' Village No. 8 (taking it on the third day of the operation), and unsuccessfully storming Lipki.

1.3. 1943

In January 1943, she took part in breaking the blockade, attacked practically along the shores of Lake Ladoga, engaging in battles for a strong point in the village of Lipki, also advancing towards Workers' Village No. 4. However, south of Lipok, the division's offensive was choked, being stopped by powerful fire from German bunkers covered with snow. located in the cemetery on the top of the hill on the right flank of the division By January 18, 1943, the division managed to capture Lipki

Until August 1943, he was constantly fighting for Sinyavino. In July 1943, transferred to the 67th Army and as part of it participates in the Mginsky operation, advancing from the Neva to the MGU

1.4. 1944

During the operation, the division went on the offensive with army troops on January 21, 1944, pursuing enemy troops retreating from the Mga area, then at the end of January 1944 the division was transferred to the 42nd Army, proceeded to Luga, then proceeded through Gdov to Pskov.

On February 14, 1944, she changed parts of the 90th Infantry Division on the island of Piirisaar, on the Pskov Lake. Moving with battles along the shores of Teploe and Pskov lakes, the division in early March 1944 approached the heavily fortified node of the Panther line near the villages of Zhidilov Bor - Molgovo - Obizha. During the advance, on March 6, 1944, the division liberated the village of Tolbitsa. From March 8, 1944, the division proceeds to storm the fortified line and until March 15, 1944, unsuccessfully breaks open the enemy fortifications, suffering very heavy losses: for example, by the end of March 10, 1944, only the 533rd rifle regiment lost 207 people killed and 198 wounded. Again goes on the offensive on March 31, 1944 in the Chersky direction. The division managed to break through a strip of enemy fortifications on the right swampy bank of the Mnogi River and advanced 8 kilometers, but in the depths of the defense the division was stopped. The active offensive continued until April 4, 1944.

In the course of the operation, the division, having cleared the southeastern part of Pskov from the enemy, was supposed to force the Velikaya and seize a bridgehead on Zavelichye.

Deployed eight kilometers east of Pskov. The first echelon consisted of the right-flank 533th rifle regiment (opposite the villages of Lazhnevo and Klishevo) and the left-flank 374th rifle regiment (opposite the villages of Gornevo and Berdovo). The 741st Rifle Regiment (without the first battalion allocated to the reserve of the division commander) was in the second echelon.

Since July 22, 1944, it has been advancing directly on Pskov, fighting with the rearguards of the retreating enemy. The 374th Infantry Regiment was the first to start fighting on the streets of the city and by 10-00 began a ferry to the western bank of the Velikaya River within the city, by 11-00 having seized a bridgehead. In the crossing, rifle units were supported, including by the 122nd mortar regiment.

From the report of the division commander, Major General D.A. Lukyanov:

“Pskov was turned by the enemy into a powerful center of resistance. Machine-gun points were installed in the buildings, bunkers and bunkers were equipped in the foundations of houses. The streets and most of the houses are mined. Divisions of the regiment on the move began the assault on the city. Assault groups were moved forward, which quickly and skillfully defused the minefields ... The infantry followed the assault groups ... The gunners destroyed enemy firing points with direct fire. By 9.00 on July 22, the eastern part of Pskov was cleared of the enemy and our units reached the bank of the Velikaya River. "

On July 23, 1944, the rifle regiments of the division in full force crossed over to the western coast, and on the same day Pskov was liberated. The regiments of the division crossed the Great different places: 533rd Rifle Regiment in two companies - south of the railway bridge and in the Korytovo area, 741st Rifle Regiment - near Profsoyuznaya Street.

On July 26-28, 1944, he was fighting for the settlement of Damish, 16 kilometers north-west of the city of Zhigura. Stopped in the offensive on the southwestern outskirts of Lake Pskov.

Before the operations, it was removed from the front line and taken to the eastern shore of Lake Pskov. In mid-August 1944, it was supposed to be used by the second echelon. landing operation on the Teploe Lake, however, the development of events successful for the Soviet troops made it possible not to enter the division into battle, although it was ferried across the Teploe Lake. Introduced into battle already near Tartu, in the liberation of which she took part on August 25. On August 27, 1944, he was fighting near the village of Vazula in the Tartu region, north of Tartu, repelling tank counterattacks. On the approaches to Tartu, the division repels active enemy attacks until September 7, 1944. On September 18, 1944, the division was withdrawn to the reserve.

1.5. 1945

At the beginning of January 1945, the division is located in the Przedbuzh area (Poland), as part of the 21st Army, which is the second echelon of the 1st Ukrainian Front. At the first stage of the operation, the 21st Army advanced after the advancing troops of the first echelon of the front, and was launched into an active offensive only on January 17, 1945. The division advances in the direction of Tarnowskie Góry - Gleiwitz, on January 24, 1945 participated in the liberation of Gleiwitz, after which the division as part of the army was transferred north of Oppeln to the Oder line, which the division crossed and on February 6, 1945 participated in the liberation of Brzeg, then engaged in intense battles for expanding the bridgehead on the Oder River in that area.

From March 9, 1945, the division advances from the area east of Grottkau, advancing on Falkenberg and then on Neisse, encircling the opposition grouping of the enemy and went into the foothills of the Sudetenland

On May 7, the division launched an offensive against Prague and by May 10, 1945 reached Jaromer, where it ended the war.

2. Composition

374th Rifle Regiment
533rd Infantry Regiment
741st Infantry Regiment
292nd Artillery Regiment
481st Howitzer Artillery Regiment (until 09/11/1941)
251st separate anti-tank destroyer division
349th anti-aircraft battery (260th separate anti-aircraft artillery battalion) (until 02/01/1943)
391st mortar division (from 02.11.1941 to 05.11.1942)
119th Reconnaissance Company (119th Reconnaissance Battalion)
148th Sapper Battalion
212nd separate communications battalion (212nd separate communications company)
132nd Medical and Sanitary Battalion
267th (207th) separate chemical defense company
215th road transport company (76th road transport battalion)
332nd field bakery (116th field auto bakery)
492nd Divisional Veterinary Infirmary
48687th (54th) field post station
5473rd (655) field cash desk of the State Bank

3. Submission

date	Front (district)	Army	Frame	Notes (edit)
06/22/1941	Northwestern front	11th Army	-	-
07/01/1941	Northwestern front	11th Army	-	-
07/10/1941	Northwestern front	27th Army	24th Rifle Corps	-
08/01/1941	Northwestern front	Novgorod Army Task Force	16th Rifle Corps	-
09/01/1941	Leningrad front	48th Army	-	-
10/01/1941	Leningrad front	54th Army	-	-
11/01/1941	Leningrad front	54th Army	-	-
12/01/1941	Leningrad front	54th Army	-	-
01/01/1942	Leningrad front	54th Army	-	-
02/01/1942	Leningrad front	8th Army	-	-
03/01/1942	Leningrad front	8th Army	-	-
04/01/1942	Leningrad front	8th Army	-	-
05/01/1942	Leningrad Front (Group of Forces of the Volkhov direction)	8th Army	-	-
06/01/1942	Leningrad Front (Volkhov Group of Forces)	8th Army	-	-
07/01/1942	Volkhov front	8th Army	-	-
08/01/1942	Volkhov front	8th Army	-	-
09/01/1942	Volkhov front	8th Army	-	-
10/01/1942	Volkhov front	2nd shock army	-	-
11/01/1942	Volkhov front	8th Army	-	-
12/01/1942	Volkhov front	8th Army	-	-
01/01/1943	Volkhov front	2nd shock army	-	-
02/01/1943	Volkhov front	-	-	-
03/01/1943	Volkhov front	2nd shock army	-	-
04/01/1943	Volkhov front	2nd shock army	-	-
05/01/1943	Leningrad front	2nd shock army	-	-
06/01/1943	Leningrad front	2nd shock army	-	-
07/01/1943	Leningrad front	2nd shock army	43rd Rifle Corps	-
08/01/1943	Leningrad front	67th Army	43rd Rifle Corps	-
09/01/1943	Leningrad front	67th Army	43rd Rifle Corps	-
10/01/1943	Leningrad front	67th Army	43rd Rifle Corps	-
11/01/1943	Leningrad front	67th Army	-	-
12/01/1943	Leningrad front	67th Army	-	-
01/01/1944	Leningrad front	67th Army	118th Rifle Corps	-
02/01/1944	Leningrad front	42nd Army	108th Rifle Corps	-
03/01/1944	Leningrad front	42nd Army	108th Rifle Corps	-
04/01/1944	Leningrad front	42nd Army	118th Rifle Corps	-
05/01/1944	3rd Baltic Front	42nd Army	14th Rifle Corps	-
06/01/1944	3rd Baltic Front	42nd Army	14th Rifle Corps	-
07/01/1944	3rd Baltic Front	42nd Army	-	-
08/01/1944	3rd Baltic Front	67th Army	119th Rifle Corps	-
09/01/1944	3rd Baltic Front	Group of Forces of the Northern Combat Area	118th Rifle Corps	-
10/01/1944	Reserve Rates WGK	-	118th Rifle Corps	-
11/01/1944	Reserve Rates WGK	-	118th Rifle Corps	-
12/01/1944	Reserve Rates WGK	-	118th Rifle Corps	-
01/01/1945	1st Ukrainian Front	21st Army	118th Rifle Corps	-
02/01/1945	1st Ukrainian Front	21st Army	118th Rifle Corps	-
03/01/1945	1st Ukrainian Front	21st Army	117th Rifle Corps	-
04/01/1945	1st Ukrainian Front	21st Army	118th Rifle Corps	-
05/01/1945	1st Ukrainian Front	21st Army	118th Rifle Corps	-

4. Commanders

Zotov Alexander Semenovich (08/19/1939 - 07/26/1941), brigade commander, from 06/04/1940 Major General (captured, released from the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1945)
Komarov Fedor Ivanovich (07/27/1941 - 12/16/1941), colonel
Nikitin Ivan Fedorovich (12/17/1941 - 03/11/1942), Major General
Sergeev Leonid Gavrilovich (03/12/1942 - 11/16/1942), colonel
Parkhomenko Fedor Nazarovich (11/17/1942 - 02/18/1943), Major General
Potapov Pavel Andreevich (02/19/1943 - 01/16/1944), colonel
Loskutov Pavel Karpovich (01/18/1944 - 03/02/1944), colonel
Lukyanov Dmitry Akimovich (03.03.1944 - 22.08.1944), Major General
Dolgov Efrem Ignatievich (08/23/1944 - 05/11/1945), colonel

5. Awards and titles

6. Distinguished soldiers of the division

Reward	FULL NAME.	Position	Rank	Award date	Notes (edit)
-	Bogdan, Yakov Ivanovich	rifle company commander	senior lieutenant	-	01/12/1943 closed the embrasure of the machine gun with his body
	Gavrilov, Anatoly Andreevich	Artillery Master of the 741st Rifle Regiment	staff Sergeant	23.04.1975	twice awarded the 3rd degree of the order, re-awarded.
	Evlanov, Vasily Alekseevich	Platoon commander of the 119th separate reconnaissance company	staff Sergeant	29.06.1945	-
	Korinsky, Leonty Nazarovich	Commander of the gun crew of the 835th artillery regiment	staff Sergeant	27.06.1945	-

7. Memory

A street in Pskov named after the division

8. Notable people associated with the division

Badyev Nikolai Fedorovich, theater and film actor, during the war, platoon commander as part of a division.

Current page: 20 (total of the book has 60 pages) [available passage for reading: 40 pages]

Behind the flanks of the Bialystok group

5.1. Behind the right flank. Situation in the Baltics in June 1941

The beginning concentration of the mechanized units of the Wehrmacht against the left flank of the 11th Army (in the Alytus-Vilnius direction) was revealed by the intelligence of the Baltic Special Military District a week before the start of hostilities. The reconnaissance report of the headquarters of the district No. 02 of June 21 stated: “According to the data of the 4th commandant's office 107 of the PO, it was noted that in the period from 14.6 to 15.6.41, up to 200 tanks proceeded through Seiny. In the August forests in the area of Verzhniki, Kaleta, Kukle, the concentration of up to an infantry corps, artillery, up to 200 tanks, and up to 400 vehicles is confirmed. " The situation was quite predictable, because in the district plan of covering the state border, among the most likely operational directions for the enemy were identified: Gumbinen (now Gusev), Kaunas, Vilnius, followed by an attack on Minsk; Suwalki, Alytus, Lida (or Grodno) to influence the right wing and rear of the Western District. According to the same plan, the 3rd Mechanized Corps and the 10th Brigade of anti-tank guns were transferred to the command of the commander of the 11th Army from the first day of mobilization (M-1) to strengthen the coverage of these areas.

The head of the engineering department of the 11th Army headquarters, Lieutenant Colonel S.M. Firsov, with his power removed from defensive work two battalions for mining tank-hazardous areas, but soon received a reprimand from the higher authorities for excessive zeal, and his decision was canceled [ibid, p. 24]. In general, the sad experience of the "Baltic" is very characteristic of showing the confused and contradictory situation in the summer of 1941 on the Soviet-German border. The documents conveyed to the researchers a lot of very reasonable and useful orders from the commander of the district, Colonel-General F.I. Kuznetsov: on the use of blackouts, the withdrawal of equipment from garrison towns and shelter in the forests, the preparation of bridges for mining, etc. Take, for example, the order of the district headquarters No. 00229 dated June 18. On point 1 (to the commander of the North-Western air defense zone): “by the end of June 19, 1941, bring full combat readiness the entire air defense of the district, for which:

a) organize round-the-clock duty at all air observation, warning and communication posts and provide them with continuous communication;

b) make all the anti-aircraft artillery and searchlight batteries, assigning a round-the-clock watch on the batteries, organizing their uninterrupted communication with the posts, carefully preparing them in engineering terms and providing them with ammunition;

c) organize interaction of fighter aviation with anti-aircraft units;

d) organize uninterrupted communication of air observation posts, warning and communication with fighter aviation airfields;

e) by July 1, 1941, complete the construction of command posts, ranging from the commander of the battery to the commander of the brigade area.

On 19 June 1941, report on the order of covering large railway and earth bridges, artillery depots and important objects from dive bombers.

Until 21.6.41, together with the local air defense organize: blackout of cities: Riga, Kaunas, Vilnius, Dvinsk, Mitava, Libava, Šiauliai, fire fighting in them, medical assistance to victims and identify premises that can be used as bomb shelters;

f) to speed up all organizational measures as much as possible, completing them no later than July 1, 1941 ”.

According to clause 5 (to the head of ABTU): “by 21.6.41, remove all foreign-made tanks and armored vehicles from the 22nd, 24th and 29th [territorial rifle] corps. Together with the head of the District Artillery Directorate, arm them with a small-caliber anti-tank artillery(where they do not have it) and transfer 45 tanks and 4 armored vehicles to the 8th and 11th armies, which will use tanks for stationary anti-tank defense in anti-tank areas, and armored vehicles for the defense of command posts of the armies. "

On point 10 (to him): “Select all gas tanks from the district units (except for mechanized and aviation ones) and transfer them 50% each to the 3rd and 12th mechanized corps. The deadline is 21.6.41. " (SDB No. 34, pp. 33–34).

The measures taken then in the 5th Panzer Division of the 3rd Mechanized Corps (division commander - Colonel F.F. Fedorov) are very indicative. On June 10, the division received a directive from the Directorate of the Chief of Artillery of the PribOVO to urgently receive 654 shots with an armor-piercing tracer for the creation of an NZ (emergency reserve), and it was ordered not to wait for shipment from a warehouse in Vilnius, but to receive them immediately according to the cipher telegram from the Deputy Minister of Defense G.I. Kulik (TsAMO, f.5 TD, op.1, d.53, l60). On June 17, the division commander sent out an action plan to carry out the order of the NKO of the USSR dated 06/15/1941. to finish shooting everyone who is supposed to shoot by July 1; stop the separation of personnel for all sorts of households. works by June 22 (TsAMO, f.9tp 5 TD, op.49982ss, d.6, sheets 81–82). The division openly talked about mobilization and the impending war, which was noted in his report by the deputy. commander of the 9th tank regiment, battalion commissar P.S. Grigorenko. On June 18, he wrote about "negative sentiments": a member of the party, foreman Makeyenko, when the secretary of the Presidium Zachinyaev addressed him about the payment of contributions, he replied: "What are the contributions, now there is a war ..."; Red Army soldier Panfilov, a non-partisan, said: "Today I wrote a letter to my relatives that we have mobilization and we are leaving for our starting positions ..." Of course, there was no mobilization (explicit) in the Baltics. But the meaning of all the other events carried out in those days by the headquarters of the PribOVO was that the war was on the verge, there was an active preparation for it - only a blind and deaf could not notice this.

Not bad, isn't it? Everyone would have to act the way F.I.Kuznetsov acted. But over the past two or three days, all orders and directives of his headquarters and district directorates were repeatedly canceled, put into effect, canceled again, completely disorienting the command of the covering armies subordinate to the district. Some of the decisions were blocked by Moscow, informed by the "vigilant comrades". The former chief of GAU, Marshal of Artillery ND Yakovlev, recalled on June 21: “During our short conversation, General FI Kuznetsov, the commander of the Baltic Military District, just phoned from Riga. The People's Commissar rather sternly asked him if it was true that they, Kuznetsov, had been ordered to introduce blackouts in Riga. And in response to an affirmative answer, he ordered to cancel it "(Yakovlev ND About artillery and a little about himself. M .: VSh, 1984. S. 57). There was one more reason for such a leapfrog, but it will be discussed below. The result was a complete tactical surprise for most of the 1st line divisions that were part of the army, which simply did not have time to take prepared positions on the border due to numerous delays in issuing orders for deployment.

5.2. The beginning of hostilities. Defensive battle in the strip of the 11th Army

The attack by the left wing of Army Group Center (the 3rd Panzer Group of Colonel-General Hermann Goth was the main striking force there) at the junction of the Western and Baltic military districts did not fall on the monolithic Soviet defense. It was inflicted on the scattered units of the 126th, 128th, 188th and 23rd Infantry Divisions, mainly on the rifle battalions, which (mainly one from each regiment) worked on the construction of defensive lines. From north to south were located: from the 188th SD - the 2nd battalion of the 523rd, 2nd and 3rd battalions of the 580th, 3rd battalion of the 595th regiments; from the 126th division - 3rd battalion of the 550th, 2nd battalion of the 366th, 3rd battalion of the 690th regiments; from the 128th division - the 2nd battalion of the 374th regiment and all three battalions of the 741st regiment. Two battalions of the 23rd division were located directly at the junction with ZapOVO. There is evidence that the battalions were reinforced with regimental artillery batteries, and in the 30-kilometer strip of the 188th (from Virbalis to Lake Vishtynets - the German name of Vishtiter-See), the infantrymen were given an artillery division. The former commander of the fire platoon of the 106th OPTD of the 23rd SD V.P. Lapaev recalled that on June 17 the division was raised on alert and sent to the border, but by the evening of June 21 he managed to reach only Marijampolė, where he met the war (Novozhilov I B. Year of birth 21. M., 2004).

The 6th and 26th Infantry Divisions of the 6th Army Corps were deployed against the battalions of the 188th SD, and the corps was cleared north of Alytus. Against battalions 126, 128 and 23rd SD, 8 German divisions entered their initial positions (directly in the Suwalki ledge): the 39th motorized corps as part of the 7th and 20th tank and 14th motorized divisions, the 57th motorized a corps consisting of the 12th and 19th Panzer and 18th Motorized Divisions and the 5th Army Corps (commanded by Infantry General Richard Ruof) as part of the 5th and 35th Infantry Divisions. History has preserved the names of the commanders of the 188th, who were the first to take the blow of two divisions of the 6th AK of the Wehrmacht. The infantry battalions were commanded by senior lieutenants S.M. Uperov, P.S.Gudkov and M.I.Dudov; division - V.M. Romanenko. With them were the workers of the political department, senior political instructor NP Chaly and junior political instructor DT Sorokin [ibid., P. 6]. On June 20, the divisional commander, Colonel P.I. Ivanov, ordered the regimental commanders to study their sectors and take over the construction battalions in their zones. The next day, the command of the units and subunits conducted reconnaissance on the ground, but the main forces of the division still remained in the summer camps of Kazlu-Ruda. The main forces of the 128th Rifle Division occupied the Lazdiyai, Seiriyai, Simnas area, the headquarters was located in the forest 5 km west of Seiriyai. 126th (commander - Major General M.A. Kuznetsov, deputy for HR - regimental commissar A.Ya. Ermakov) and 23rd (commander - Major General V.F. Pavlov) divisions by the morning of June 22 were on the march deep in the territory of Lithuania. Consequently, on the border, in addition to border guards and builders, there were only thirteen rifle units stretched out in one line with a minimum amount of artillery. These were, of course, too small forces, in no way capable of stopping the enemy's strike grouping.

From 4 o'clock in the morning, a stream of messages of the same content flooded all the Morse and ST-35 devices of the communications center of the 11th Army headquarters (it was located in Fort No. 6 of the Kovno fortress): the enemy opened strong artillery fire, shells our front edge with guns, artillery leads fire on our positions, the enemy moved artillery shelling deep into the depths, etc. The chief of staff of the army, Major General I.T. Shlemin, immediately reported the situation to the district headquarters. Later, there were more alarming messages: German tanks were attacking, we were repelling enemy infantry attacks. Then communication with the 128th Infantry Division was cut off.

At 5 o'clock in the morning, commander-11, Lieutenant-General V.I. Morozov issued combat order No. 01, in which the 16th rifle corps on the right was tasked with covering the Kaunas direction along the line of the fortified area and destroying the enemy in its main zone. The left-flank formations were ordered: the 126th rifle division with the 429th GAP RGK to occupy the 1st and 2nd nodes of the Alytus UR on the Shilanse, Kaimele, Rymets line and prevent the enemy from breaking through in the eastern direction (the task, as you can see, initially was put unreal, because the connection was still on the way to the Neman); 128th Infantry Division to occupy the 3rd and 4th nodes of the fortified area on the line Merkinė, Koptsevo, Kurvishki and prevent the breakthrough of the Germans to Alytus. But that is exactly what happened.

128th Infantry Division

Four battalions of the 128th division were attacked by two tank and two infantry divisions of the Wehrmacht. At the junction with ZAPOVO, the battalion of the 23rd SD with a fight left the town of Koptsevo (in Lithuanian - Kapchamestis, 20 km north of Sopotskin); German cavalry marched through the forests to the lake region on the way to Alytus. About three dozen fully concreted pillboxes of the Alytus UR, still standing in the Kapchamestis area and to the south of it, have no combat damage, therefore, no one used them. Almost immediately the border towns of Lazdijai, Kalvarija and Kybartai were taken by the aggressor; in Kybartai, the border commandant's office continued to fight in complete encirclement. On the evening of June 22, the headquarters of GA "Center" reported to the Headquarters on the 9th Army and the 3rd Panzer Group, and in a very original manner: offensive ". One of these "dumbfounded" was the 128th SD.

In March 1941, the 128th division was redeployed from Latvia to Lithuania: the headquarters, the 374th rifle regiment and the 212nd communications battalion were located in Kalvariya, the 533rd rifle and 292nd light artillery regiments - in Alytus and Simnas, the rest parts - in Lazdiya, Seiriya and others settlements... From spring until the beginning of hostilities, one battalion from the regiment participated in the construction of the Alytus UR. If the UR had time to be built, it would cover the direction of Augustow - Alytus along the front 57 km. According to the project, it was divided into 10 strong points, in which 273 bunkers, a command post and a fuel storage facility were built. On June 22, none of the fully completed pillboxes were equipped with armaments. On June 19 and 20, the division began to occupy the 55-kilometer Kalvariya-Lazdiyai line with all its forces and began equipping command and observation posts. The 533rd rifle and 292nd light artillery regiments were in summer camps for field exercises. On the morning of June 22, after a combined artillery-bomb fire raid on the positions and locations of units of the 128th SD, a colossal blow was struck at it: armored wedges of the 7th and 20th tank divisions, supported by both divisions of the 5th, crashed into its location. AK of the 9th field army. The 5th Infantry Division of the Wehrmacht approached Lazdiyai before noon, but managed to capture the town only after several hours of heavy fighting. The advance detachment of the 56th Infantry Regiment, after taking the town, rushed to the Neman following the reconnaissance squadron of Captain Nimak (Haupt V. Battles of Army Group Center. M .: Yauza, Eksmo, 2006. S. 19). In the sector of the 741st Infantry Regiment (commanded by Colonel I.A. Ilyichev), five German tanks were disabled in the first hour of the battle. Fierce resistance was put up by the encircled units of the division in the marshes of Ilyalis, in the villages of Krokilaukis and Toluychay. The cadets of the regimental school of the 374th SP, headed by the platoon commander Vetoshkin, all died, Vetoshkin himself was killed in hand-to-hand combat. The consolidated detachment of the 374th regiment fought in the area of Marijampole (after the war it was renamed Snechkus, now again Marijampole).

The 292nd light artillery regiment (commander - Major V.M. Shapenko) was alerted on the night of June 17 and took up defensive positions on the border: the 1st artillery division - in the Kalvariya area, the 2nd division - in the 2nd echelon divisions near the village of Krosna. At 04:10 on June 22, the 1st division was already fighting along with the border guards and soon used up all the ammunition. The personnel fought like infantry, participated in hand-to-hand combat, in which the battalion commander and political officer were killed. The remnants of the unit withdrew to the position of the 2nd HELL. As it is written in the history of the 21st Panzer Regiment of the 20th TD of the Wehrmacht, “in Kalvariya, as the first target of the offensive, only slight fierce resistance was met, so that the regiment could continue the development of the strike on Alytus” (from the website “Lexikon-Der-Wehrmacht "- http: //www.lexikon-der-wehrmacht. De). It is mentioned that the advance units of the 7th Panzer Division also took part in the capture of Kalvaria. At 04:05 in the morning, her vanguard crossed the USSR state border and by 08:00 entered Kalvaria, which was 10 km from the border. As the commander of the 4th battery of the 292nd regiment, Lieutenant A.E. Naumov recalled, the 4th, 5th and 6th batteries, which were part of the 2nd division, held their defenses in the area with. Krosna. Ammunition consisted of 16 rounds per gun and 15 rounds per fighter. After the end of the shelling and the beginning of the movement of German tanks and motorcycles along the highway through Krosna to Alytus, the battery commanders unauthorizedly opened fire, inflicting some losses on the Germans. At the command post of the 128th SD, located not far from the position of the 2nd AD, there was no one, only at noon was the order of the headquarters received - to withdraw to Seiriyai, then to Alytus. But at noon the division no longer had a command, the order to withdraw, which was most likely in writing, came from the headquarters that no longer existed (chief of staff - Colonel F. I. Komarov). Communication with the management of the 128th was interrupted at 9 o'clock in the morning, last message, which was received at the communications center of the 11th Army, there was a telegram in four words. Colonel VP Agafonov (in June 1941 - Major, Deputy Chief of Communications of the Army) recalled: “Captain Vasiliev runs in with a ribbon in his hand: - Comrade Major, from the 128th! - He hands me the tape. " German tanks surrounded the headquarters, ”I read and immediately rush to the chief of staff. - How about the 128th, Comrade Agafonov? - General Shlemin meets me with a question. - Is there any way to get in touch? - There will be no more communication with the 128th. Here, Comrade General, is the last telegram from them. " The scattered divisions of the division, deprived of their command, began to roll back to the Neman.

The 481st howitzer artillery regiment (commander - Major Boyarintsev) on the morning of June 22 moved from Kalvariya in the 1st and 2nd divisions to positions 2-3 km north-west, towards the state border, where, most likely, it was defeated. 3rd AD remained in the artillery park of the military town. Here at 09:10 the division was attacked by three enemy tanks, destroyed one of them, the rest withdrew. During the air raid, he lost two howitzers. Then the 3rd division withdrew from its position by order of the chief of staff of the division F.I. On June 23, together with her, he crossed the bridge prepared for the explosion across the Neman. On June 24, the 3rd AD, consisting of nine guns, was included in the 74th artillery regiment of the 84th MD of the 3rd mechanized corps, and on July 1, almost all of it was destroyed while crossing the river. Viliya in the Kaisiadoris area.

The 533rd Infantry Regiment was stationed in Simnas. The town is located in the lake region - in the north-west two small lakes, Simnas and Geluychay, adjoin it, to the south-east there are two larger lakes, Dus and Methalis. At this point, the roads to Krosna, Seirijai and Alytus converge. On June 22, in a grove in the defile of the lakes, the 2nd battalion of the 533rd joint venture and the regimental school fought an enemy detachment that was trying to break into Simnas. Thanks to the persistence of the Muscovite EI Smirnova, who lost her son at the front and spent years looking for him, it was possible to identify another heroic episode. Junior Sergeant V.F. Smirnov served as a driver in the 292nd artillery regiment of the 128th rifle division and was listed as missing since June 1941. high school Simnas town (there was a time when there were red trackers in Lithuania) began searching. By interviewing local residents, they found eyewitnesses; according to them, fourteen Red Army men from the 533th Infantry and 292nd Artillery Regiments, retreating from Simnas, took up a perimeter defense at the dominant height. In the course of a difficult battle, every one of the defenders of the height was killed, there were no surrenders or fled. Collective farmer A. Janyacek said: “I remember that before the last battle, fourteen brave fighters walked through our village. We stopped at a neighboring yard. They drank water. They had two maxims. When the battle ended, the Nazis drove all the adult residents and ordered to bury the dead. One of them was still alive. The SS men finished him off. " The townspeople buried the last defender Simnas separately and showed this place, the students unauthorizedly dug the grave. On the decayed remains of a soldier, they found buttonholes with car emblems and a plastic "suicide bomber" medallion. The paper form inside it was perfectly preserved and, most importantly, it was filled out. “Smirnov Vladimir Fedorovich, Jr. sergeant, 1919 ... Moscow ". They also found a half-rotted note, which they also managed to read. “June 22, 1941 We are dying. I stayed - Smirnov V. and Voskovsky. Tell your mom. We will not give up. "

The 119th reconnaissance battalion (commander - senior lieutenant Apanovich) moved from Seiriyai to the border in the morning, having the task of strengthening the defense of the Lazdiyai frontier post (head of the outpost - captain Yurchenko). The 533rd joint venture also operated here. After retreating under the onslaught of the enemy, the 119th ORB, border guards, the 1st battalion and other units of the 533rd regiment, the main forces of the 292nd LAP and soldiers of the construction battalions gathered in the area of the lakes north-west of Seiriyai. The entire group was led by the commander of the 533rd joint venture, Colonel P.A. Bochkov. Having occupied a perimeter defense in the inter-lake defile, the Soviet soldiers knocked out four tanks. From here, Bochkov's group withdrew to the southeast, to a new line. In the afternoon, a major from the headquarters of the 11th Army brought an order to withdraw to the Alytus area and to cover the crossings across the Neman. But the order was not carried out. The detachment of the 128th SD, the core of which was the 292nd artillery regiment that suffered heavy losses and the soldiers of the 533rd rifle regiment, in the area of the villages of Revai and Rajunai, not far from Seiriyai, was blocked by the enemy. Having saddled the road and taken up a perimeter defense, they fought surrounded until June 29-30, 1941. As the battalion commander-4 of the 292nd LAP Naumov recalled, on June 25, as the eldest survivor, he took command of the 2nd division of the regiment. A few days later, a group of 11 gunners and slightly more infantrymen escaped from the encirclement to the bank of the Neman. After the battles in the Seiriyai region (they lasted more than a week), P.A. Bochkov's group crossed the Neman and subsequently, it seems, united with the Red Army, but Bochkov himself is listed as missing. The wives and children of the command staff of the 533rd regiment, who remained in Simnas, were captured.

The defeat of the 128th division, albeit meager, was reflected in the combat reports of the PribOVO headquarters: “The 128th Rifle Division is conducting heavy battles in the area of Lake Dus, its flanks are bypassed by tank units. Enemy airborne troops and tanks in Alytus ”. A little later: “The 128th Rifle Division suffered heavy losses; 28]. From the not so long ago a full-blooded formation remained separate scattered groups, the losses of the command staff were very great. In the first hours of the fighting, the commander of the 292nd artillery regiment, Major V.M. Shapenko, was killed, the commander of the 374th rifle regiment, Colonel Grebnev, and many other commanders and political workers were seriously wounded. The remnants of units of the 128th SD, which withdrew to the Dvinsk region, became part of the Dvinsk OG and on June 26 took part in a battle with airborne troops and enemy tanks. The airborne assault force was destroyed, and the artillery fire of the 374th joint venture under the command of Captain Terentyev destroyed two enemy tanks. In August 1941, on the basis of the surviving units and individual servicemen, the reorganization of the 128th Infantry Division was started. As of June 22, it had 9820 personnel, as of August 30 - only 206. Most of the facts are taken from the book "Pskov Red Banner" (L., 1984), something sent by the Council of veterans of the division and found in other sources.

The divisional commander, Major-General A.S. Zotov, is listed as missing in the documents on the registration of irrecoverable losses of non-profit organizations in the summer of 1941. According to one of the versions, having left the division headquarters in the morning to the border on the morning of June 22, he unexpectedly stumbled upon the Germans. The divisional commander's car was fired upon, the driver was killed, and Zotov himself, fighting back, shot all the cartridges, was seized and tied up.

Nobody remembers where this version came from. I got used to it, although in some sources it slipped that the general was captured not in June, but in July, and not in Lithuania, but in Belarus, near Minsk. Confirmation was provided by the published excerpt from the interrogation protocol of A.S. Zotov: “After I lost parts of my division, with a group of staff commanders headed in the southeast direction, meaning to cross the Neman and subsequently join up with the main forces of Soviet troops ... With me turned out to be: division commissar - regimental commissar Berdnikov, division artillery chief Colonel Minin, lieutenants Balalykin, Popov and several other people ... On July 29, 1941 we approached the Minsk-Radoshkovichi highway and for two days tried to cross it, but we did not succeed, since German troops were continuously moving along the highway. Unable to hide and taking into account the aimlessness of resistance, I and my companions surrendered ... ”(A. Petrushin. Environment. Tyumensky Courier, 2006, No. 6–12). Despite this, Zotov passed the state check successfully and was restored to the rank of general. I think he was credited with the leadership of the anti-fascist underground of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

From 1975 to 1978 he served in the 75th Guards Red Banner Motorized Rifle Regiment of the Order of Suvorov. The regiment commander at that time was Lieutenant Colonel Gavrilov. The story began with the 1st regiment of the Kazan poor. (The beginning of our legendary division was laid by the founder of the Soviet state, Vladimir Lenin. By his decree in 1919, in Kazan, “the first regiment of the poor was formed for battles with Kolchak, White Guards and foreign interventionists.” In Irkutsk, it was renamed the 51st Infantry Regiment.) Krasnoe the banner of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (orders have not yet been awarded to military units) the regiment received for the liberation of the city of Petropavlovsk (Kazakhstan) from the White Guards. In 1977, the regiment entered the parade with four banners: battle banner, The Red Banner of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the commemorative banner of the PribVO, and the rolling banner of the PribVO for high performance in combat and political training.

75th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment (abbr. 75th Guards. sms)
Guards Battle Banner.
Years of existence	-
Country	the USSR
Subordination	from 1936 to 1946 Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army , from 1946 to 1991 Armed forces of the USSR , since 1991 Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
Included in	26th Guards. sd , 40th Guards Tank Division 11th Guards. armies Gusev PribVO
Type of	Ground troops
Includes	battalions, divisions separate companies and a platoon.
Function	Defense of the Fatherland. Conducting large-scale hostilities.
Number	1000 - 2400 personnel.
Part	consists of control ( headquarters), battalions, divisions and subdivisions.
Dislocation	Chita ZabVO Koenigsberg Special military district Gusev PribVO
Equipment	small arms, tank, artillery, anti-aircraft, and other weapons
Participation in	Fights on Khalkhin Gol Soviet-Finnish war The Great Patriotic War
Marks of Excellence
Commanders
Notable commanders	Guards Major Ryazanov Ivan Kharitonovich (died in action)

History [ | ]

Formation [ | ]

The 75th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment was formed as part of 93rd Infantry Division in May 1936 in Chita ZabVO based on the 106th Siberian Rifle Regiment 35th SD, how 51st Infantry Regiment

During the war [ | ]

75th Guards. cn [ | ]

On April 20, 1942, the regiment was reorganized into 75th Guards Rifle Regiment, and the division in 26th Guards Rifle Division.
From 06/11/1944 to 08/10/1944, the division takes part in the Orsha operation and goes to the state border with the Suvalkov region.
For liberation Belarus she received five thanks Supreme Commander-in-Chief... The division was among the first to reach the borders East Prussia.
In the summer of 1944, throughout the Orsha direction 3rd Belorussian Front Soviet troops began military offensive operations (plan for Operation Bagration). Fierce resistance, under pressure Soviet army, the enemy was retreating. The task of the Soviet command was to break through the "impregnable bastion", as he himself called Hitler impassable swamps, minefields and 17 lines of trenches with barbed wire, which was defended by 78th Assault Division under the command of Lieutenant General Hans Trout, and capture the highway north of Orsha Moscow - Minsk... The regiment, as part of the division, successfully completed the tasks. The vaunted assault division was defeated and its commander captured.
From 3 to 9 April 1945, the regiment as part of the division participates in the assault on the city and the fortress Koenigsberg... From 04/22/1945 to 04/26/1945 he fights to capture the city Pillau.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council USSR dated 06/19/1945 for the seizure of the city Pillau 75th Guards Rifle Regiment, awarded Order of Suvorov III degree.

After the war [ | ]

Warriors awarded the orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov, Bogdan Khmelnitsky and Alexander Nevsky

Melnikov Ivan Fedorovich, guard lieutenant colonel, regiment commander. Order of the Military Council of the 1st Baltic Front No. 7 / n dated January 3, 1944.

Order of Kutuzov III degree:

Marchenko Konstantin Vasilyevich, guard senior lieutenant, company commander. Order of the Military Council of the 3rd Belorussian Front No. 562 / n dated May 31, 1945.
Osipov Ivan Yegorovich, guard senior lieutenant, company commander. Order of the Military Council of the 3rd Belorussian Front No. 562 / n dated May 31, 1945.

Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky III degree:

Rostunov Yakov Feofanovich, guard senior lieutenant, company commander. Order of the Military Council of the 3rd Belorussian Front No. 523 / n dated July 13, 1944.
Smirnov Andrei Konstantinovich, guard senior lieutenant, company commander. Order of the Military Council of the 3rd Belorussian Front No. 523 / n dated July 13, 1944.

Order of Alexander Nevsky:

Varyagin Ivan Alexandrovich, guard lieutenant, commander of a rifle platoon. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 161 / n of October 31, 1944.
Dmitrienko Semyon Naumovich, guard senior lieutenant, commander of a rifle battalion. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 48 / n dated March 31, 1944.
Durnov Konstantin Aleksandrovich, guard senior lieutenant, commander of a rifle battalion. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 57 / n dated April 24, 1944.
Kondrashev Vladimir Filippovich, guard captain, commander of the 2nd rifle battalion. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 94 / n dated July 10, 1944.
Kudinov Viktor Ivanovich, guard captain, adjutant of the senior rifle battalion. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 12 / n of 01.21.1944
Medvedev Anatoly Afanasevich, guard captain, commander of a battery of 76-mm cannons. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 86 / n dated April 30, 1945.
Radchenkov Yakov Ivanovich, guard lieutenant, commander of a rifle platoon. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 31 / n dated February 24, 1945.
Ryazanov Ivan Kharitonovich, guard lieutenant colonel, regiment commander. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 48 / n dated March 31, 1944.
Sadosyuk Konstantin Konstantinovich, guard senior lieutenant, commander of a mortar company. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 98 / n of April 27, 1945.
Viktor Aleksandrovich Steklov, senior lieutenant of the guard, commander of a 45-mm cannon battery. Order of the Military Council of the 11th Guards Army No. 86 / n dated April 30, 1945.
Tabakov Gennady Alexandrovich: Guardsmen of Pervomaisky

On August 28, 1941, the Germans approached the Mga station. By this time, only the last railway line on Volkhovstroy, connecting Leningrad with the country, did not fall into the hands of the enemy. On August 30, a battle for MGU began. On this day, the Germans reached the left bank of the Neva near the village of Ivanovskoye, cutting off the Leningrad-Volkhovstroy railway link between the railway bridge on the Tosna River and a railway fork three kilometers east of Mga station.

In August 1941

The defense and the circumstances of the surrender of the village and the Mga railway station at the end of August 1941 still need additional documentary study. From domestic and German documents, it is known that the Moscow State University was defended by units of the 1st Mountain Rifle Brigade of Colonel Gribov and the 152nd Regiment of the NKVD Major Petrenko, as well as anti-aircraft gunners. Parts of the 152nd guard regiment of especially important industrial enterprises were met by the Germans later at Nevdubstroy, and later retreated to Shlisselburg. The units of the 1st Mountain Rifle Brigade driven out of Mga on August 31, 1941, withdrew to Kelkolovo and the village of Mikhailovsky and later took part in attempts to recapture the area of the Mga station.

Order number 007

On August 30, the commander of the Leningrad Front, MM Popov, signed combat order No. 007 on the transfer of the 1st NKVD division of Colonel SI Donskov to the Mga area. On August 31, 1941, the division crossed the new railway Kuzminsky bridge to the left bank of the Neva. Colonel Donskov was ordered to knock the enemy out of the Mga station area, go to the Voitolovo, Sologubovka, Turyshkino, Voronovo, Lake Sinyavinskoye area, where to take up a solid defense, thereby ensuring smooth operation railroad.

On September 1, 1941, at 6:30 a.m., units of the 1st NKVD Division, reinforced with seven KV tanks, three T-50s and nine T-26s, with the support of the artillery of the Neva River Guard Squadron, went on the offensive, in accordance with the assigned task, in two opposite directions. It was necessary to break through to Mge and take control railroad... For this, first of all, it was necessary to protect your right flank from the side of the village of Petrushino, the village of Otradnoye, st. Pella, Siding and Village Mountains. The 1st Rifle Regiment of Major A.I. Tarashkevich moved along the left bank of the Neva to Otradnoye and entered the battle. The 3rd Rifle Regiment of Lieutenant Colonel V.T. The 2nd regiment of Major V.V. Zherebtsov advanced in the direction of the Mga station and the village of Pogorelushka. For the defense of the Kuzminsky bridge and the bridgehead, a battalion of the 3rd regiment was allocated.

For three days of fighting, the 1st NKVD division managed to reliably cover itself from the direction of the village of Otradnoye and the Gory patrol, encircle the enemy in the village of Gory, and drive out the enemy's motorized reconnaissance from the villages of Lobanovo and Kelkolovo. But units of the 2nd Rifle Regiment and two battalions of the 1st Mountain Rifle Brigade failed to recapture the station and the village of Mga from the Germans. The battles were fought on the outskirts of the village. On September 4, the Nazis managed to break through our ring around the village of Gory. Aviation was massively used against the defenders of Leningrad. On September 5, 1941, the 1st division of the NKVD, having suffered significant losses from the bombing, was no longer able to conduct offensive operations.

Shlisselburg

After the loss of the last railway communication of Leningrad, according to the decree of the Military Council of the Leningrad Front of September 3, No. 214-i, the movement of goods to Leningrad and from Leningrad through Shlisselburg was organized. There was no longer any hope of an early expulsion of the enemy from the Mga station area. Shlisselburg was the last hope to maintain a land connection with the country.

Back in August, the rear base and the headquarters of the Ladoga military flotilla were evacuated to Shlisselburg from the islands of Lake Ladoga. On September 3, 1941, two companies of the 4th battalion of the 4th brigade were transferred from the island of Valaam here to protect the city by ships of the flotilla. marines... In just four days, he alone will have to defend the line of the village of Sinyavino from an enemy superior in every sense. The 3rd company of the battalion arrived in Shlisselburg from the island of Konevets only on September 7, 1941, after 18:05.

It so happened that in the tragic September 1941, only an incomplete rifle battalion defended the key Sinyavinskaya height, dominating the much-needed Leningrad after the loss of the Mga station area by the shore of Lake Ladoga, for which our units fought with the Germans for almost three years. How did he find himself alone in the face of the enemy?

In the face of the enemy

On September 5, 1941, at a meeting, Adolf Hitler pointed out the exceptional importance of Shlisselburg. The German offensive was planned for 6 September. Its course is described in detail in Gerhart Lohse's History of the Rhine-Westphalian 126th Infantry Division, published in Germany in 1957. On the morning of September 6, 1941, the combat groups of the German 20th Motorized Division marched at Lobanovo and Kelkolovo. The strike against the units of the 1st NKVD division that had withdrawn from the village of Gory to the dacha settlement of TsNIGRI was " battle group Schwerin ". The main attack on the right flank of the 20th motorized division in the direction of the village of Kelkolovo was delivered by the "Hoppe battle group". It was supposed to be supported by the tanks of the 12th Panzer Division.

The first strike of the "Hoppe battle group" was repelled shortly after crossing the railway line. The battalions of the 424th Infantry Regiment of the 126th Infantry Division, temporarily attached to the 20th Motorized Division, suffered unexpectedly heavy losses. Lieutenants Dahlmanns, Frick and Hoyving were killed. The tanks were immediately transferred to the "battle group Schwerin", where success was outlined. But soon the Germans found a gap in our defense in the direction of Kelkolovo. The blow was delivered between the remnants of the 1st NKVD Division and the 1st Mountain Rifle Brigade. By the end of the day, the latter retreated to the Moika River and took up defenses from the village of Mikhailovsky to Lake Sinyavinskoye. Meanwhile, the "battle group Schwerin" broke through to Lobanov. The 1st division of the NKVD was torn to pieces, defeated and actually dispersed. The commanders tried to stop the disorganized withdrawal of disparate groups. Significant losses were incurred. According to the headquarters of the 1st division of the NKVD, given in the works of O. A. Sukhodymtsev, the total losses of the division for September 1-8 amounted to 4,020 people (and only for September 6-7 - 3,225 people), of which 3,346 were irrecoverable ...

On September 6, 1941, at about two o'clock in the afternoon, the 3rd Battalion of the 424th Infantry Regiment occupied Kelkolovo. At eight o'clock in the evening, the 3rd battalion of the 76th infantry regiment occupied Annenskoye and Mustolovo. Exposing barriers to the northeast, the 424th regiment reached the railway bridge across the Moika River. Reconnaissance was sent to the 9th km junction. By evening, two battalions of the 424th regiment were concentrated in front of the so-called turning triangle. At night they repulsed our counterattack. By ten o'clock in the morning, tanks of the 12th Panzer Division and the 1st Battalion of the 76th Regiment of the 20th Motorized Division arrived on the road through Mustolovo. Everything was ready for an attack on the village of Sinyavino.

The first battle for Sinyavino

In the second half of July 1941, the 4th separate brigade of the special purpose marines was formed from the personnel of ships, training detachments and coastal defense units. The brigade consisted, according to the recollections of retired Major General V.M. Rzhanov, of five battalions, a tank battalion, an artillery battalion, a sapper company and a communications company. Battalions, numbering up to 1,000 people each, had special units: a battery of 76-mm guns, units of sappers, chemists and signalmen. Major General B.N.Nenashev was appointed the brigade commander. The brigade was sent to the islands of Lake Ladoga.

According to archival data, the 4th battalion of the brigade was formed from reserve sailors, consisting of three rifle companies, one machine-gun company and an artillery platoon. Rifle companies had mortar platoons. In addition to automatic, semi-automatic and three-line rifles, the battalion had 17 machine guns, 9 battalion mortars, 3 anti-tank guns with tankettes, hand grenades, a large number of ammunition, ammonal, food and medicine. The battalion was commanded by Colonel Moiseenko.

On September 2, 1941, the command and personnel of the 4th battalion were transferred to the command of the commander of the Ladoga military flotilla for the defense of Shlisselburg.

September 3, 1941 at 7 hours 35 minutes. the battalion was brought to Shlisselburg from the island of Valaam. By order of the commander of the Ladoga military flotilla, the battalion left Shlisselburg in the area of the village of Sinyavino to engage in defense, as a second echelon in the presence of the active units of the 1st NKVD division and the 1st mountain rifle brigade ahead, at the turn: the right flank is a crossroads of highways with a fork in the railway track southwest of Rabocheye Settlement No. 6, in the middle - Sinyavino, left flank - along the road to the village of Gontovaya Lipka.

On September 4, 1941, the battalion, consisting of two rifle companies, a machine-gun company and an artillery platoon, took up defensive positions for 14 km, waiting for the enemy from the south, east and west. Moreover, between the 1st and 2nd companies and a separate detachment, which took up defense in the area of Gontova Lipka, the gap was 7 km. The machine-gun company was dispersed by platoon, the artillery platoon was also dispersed in one gun. In addition to the line at Sinyavino, the 3rd platoon of the 1st company occupied a guard position from the village of Lipki between the canals to the Rabocheye settlement No. 4.

On September 5, 1941, the situation for the command of the 4th battalion was not yet clear. By the end of the day, the headquarters of the Ladoga military flotilla received a report from the commander of the 4th battalion of the marine corps, Colonel Moiseenko: "As a result of the day of continuous bombardment, 100 enemy bombers and 80 fighters of the Donskoy unit are retreating, our aviation is gone."

The next day, the situation changed dramatically. On September 6, after a fierce bombardment of enemy aircraft and pressure from the advancing Germans, the 1st NKVD Division and the 1st Mountain Rifle Brigade retreated to the right and left. The first echelon of the defense of Shlisselburg, as it were, parted, and the 4th battalion of the 4th separate brigade of the marines suddenly came into contact with the enemy.

On September 6, the enemy launched an offensive on Sinyavino with a bombing raid. From morning to evening, as follows from the documents of the 4th battalion, up to 90 aircraft bombed the battalion's defense area. The battalion suffered its first losses. Platoon commander Lebedev, Red Navy man Zhigalin and others were killed by a direct hit from bombs.

On the night of September 6-7, battalion commissar Gorshkov visited Shlisselburg with the chief of staff of the Ladoga military flotilla and requested, on behalf of the command of the 4th battalion, support for aviation and artillery. On the same night, taking advantage of the stay in Shlisselburg of the head of the Special Department of the 48th Army, he managed to contact the army headquarters. Support from the headquarters of the 48th Army was promised, but it did not arrive in time, and the 4th battalion had to defend itself against the superior forces of the enemy. The battalion was transferred to the subordination of Colonel Donskov, whose losses by this time, according to the headquarters of the flotilla, amounted to 70% of the personnel.

On September 7, 1941, the enemy approached the battalion's defense line from the south-west of Rabocheye Settlement No. 6, while the main forces of the battalion were concentrated from the south. Battle formations battalion were not rebuilt in time - mortars were in front of the infantry. Stubborn battles began, according to the documents of the 4th battalion, at 13:00 and continued until 17:00. As a result of the battle, the battalion lost a significant part of its fighters and commanders, including three company commanders (Medvedev, Filippov and Solodkov). Three political instructors (Mikheev, Kurilo and Shayan) are missing. Dispersed in defense into small units, the battalion was dismembered by the enemy into two parts and defeated. Separate groups of fighters retreated in different directions.

The left group of the dismembered battalion under the leadership of the battalion commissar K.R. By order of the battalion commissar Georgadze, the engineer platoon of the 533th regiment of the 128th division arrived in time and mined the bridge over the Black River. A little later, to 120-150 soldiers of different military units, who had gathered at Gontova Lipka, were joined by a group of Red Navy men of the 2nd company under the command of the company's political instructor Mironov. On the way, Mironov added fighters from other units to his 18 Red Navy men, and by the time he arrived at Gontova Lipka, his group consisted of 62 fighters. The junior political instructor MM Timofeev testified that a group of 50-60 Red Navy men retreated from Sinyavin to the Gontova Lipka area. Here, already from the remnants of the NKVD division, the commanders of the 4th battalion formed two rifle companies.

The right group of the dismembered 4th battalion, mainly the 1st company and a chemical platoon, withdrew in the direction of Shlisselburg. The battalion commander, Colonel Moiseenko, joined the remnants of the battalion in Gontova Lipka three days later.

Missing

As a result of the battle for Sinyavino, the 4th battalion lost almost all machine guns, mortars, artillery, ammunition, food and medicine. Despite the loss of an important defensive line, the loss of all property and a significant part of the personnel, due to the numerical and material superiority of the enemy in this battle, the battalion commissar K.R. Georgadze assessed the results of the defense of Sinyavin on September 7, 1941: “The Red Navy men fought bravely. The battalion has basically done its job. " The junior political instructor MM Timofeev echoes to his commander in his memorandum: "The soldiers held themselves firmly and courageously, defending the defense area."

On September 7, 1941, the 4th battalion suffered heavy losses. But it is not yet possible to clarify them due to the incompleteness of the archival data. According to the "Lists of irrecoverable losses of personnel of the 4th separate naval rifle battalion of the 4th naval brigade," reflecting the losses of junior commanding officers and enlisted personnel, in September 1941 the battalion, which continued fighting in September and October, lost about 600 people. Opposite all the names, with the exception of a few, there is a short phrase: “disappeared in September 1941”. No date or place that would indicate the circumstances of the disposal. At the same time, it must be admitted that many of the wounded Red Navy men could fall into the hands of the enemy after the battalion left Sinyavin. Of the 1,129 people taken prisoner on September 7-8, 1941 by units of the German 20th Motorized Division, according to the documents of the German 39th Army Corps, 160 prisoners were marines. German researcher Gerhart Lohse indicates in his book that during the capture of the village of Sinyavino by the 424th Infantry Regiment, 400 prisoners were captured.

"People lie, deceive each other ..."

On the night of September 7, 1941, the commander of the Ladoga military flotilla, Captain 1st Rank B.V. Khoroshkin, gave an order for the immediate defense of Shlisselburg. However, in addition to the 4th battalion, the flotilla had only a rifle platoon for controlling the rear of the flotilla and a combined team of anti-aircraft battery No. 176 (without guns). The 4th battalion was reassigned to Donskov, but the latter had no connection either with its regiments, or, probably, with its headquarters, or with the 48th Army. September 7, 1941 at 19 hours 40 minutes. Donskov asked the command of the Ladoga military flotilla to take over the defense of Shlisselburg. At this time, the battle was already going on in the area of the city cemetery and the coal pier. Donskov's division no longer represented itself real strength, which was probably obvious to the command of the flotilla. Scattered parts of the division passed through the city and were freely transported through the flotilla, along with a mountain of ammunition stored in Shlisselburg, to the right bank.

In this situation, the only hope was for the 48th Army. The possibilities of the Ladoga military flotilla to strengthen the Shlisselburg garrison on their own are not considered in this article. According to the researcher OA Sukhodymtsev, the commander of the 48th Army, Lieutenant General MA Antonyuk, no later than 23 hours 45 minutes. On September 6, 1941, he gave the order to move the 741st Regiment of the 128th Infantry Division to the Workers' Village No. 6 and Sinyavino. The regiment was supposed to take up the defense of the designated area at 5 hours 00 minutes. September 7, 1941.

September 6, 1941 at 23 hours 45 minutes. Lieutenant General M. A. Antonyuk ordered the commander of the 122nd tank brigade by order of the 48th Army headquarters # 027 to “assign the commander of the 743 rifle regiment to the command - approx. the author ) 5 cannon tanks, which will be sent to Sinyavino by 5.30 am on 7.9.41 ”. The report of the chief of the operations department of the 48th Army, Lieutenant Colonel Belov, contains information that on September 7, 1941 at 1:00 am. the commander of the army "decided to send 741 joint venture 128th regiment from the Voronovo region to the working settlement number 6, Sinyavino, with the task of preventing the enemy from reaching Shlisselburg."

However, the 741st Infantry Regiment on September 7, 1941 never ended up in Sinyavino. Combat order of the headquarters of the 48th Army No. 028 of 15 hours 40 minutes. On September 7, 1941, Lieutenant General M.A.Antonyuk orders the 128th Rifle Division during September 7th, having transferred the defense area near Voronov to the 286th Rifle Division and, having set out at nightfall, by dawn on September 8, 1941, to concentrate in the Apraksin Gorodok area and others, where to replenish and be ready for an attack on MGU. At the same time, this order gives an order to the 374th Rifle Division of the 128th Rifle Division. It was this regiment, and not the 741st joint venture, that was now “to defend the front of the workers' settlement No. 6, (lawsuit) of the lake. Sinyavinskoye, firmly occupying the highway near Sinyavino and the forest northwest of the lake. Sinyavinskoe ".

In the combat report of the headquarters of the 128th rifle division number 29 from 11 hours 00 min. On September 8, 1941, it is reported that the 741th Rifle Corps only from 5.00 am on September 8th began to hand over the defense line of the 286th Rifle Division in the Voronovo area. From the report it follows that the reason for the delay in the surrender of the defense area was the untimely advance by the commander of the 286th Rifle Division to the sectors of the 128th Rifle Division. It is noteworthy that the report contains not a word about attempts to fulfill the order of the 374th regiment to occupy Sinyavino. 374th joint venture, according to the report, from 2.00 on September 8, began to concentrate from the Voronovo area to the Upper Naziya area. Further, the text of the report reads: “According to your order on September 7, 1941, by 6.00 am, the 533th cn should occupy Sinyavino, but before reaching 4 km east of Sinyavino, he met with excellent enemy forces (report of the regiment commander, - approx. ed. ) went on the defensive with the settlement of the Putilovo-Sinyavino road in the area 2 km north-west of Gontovaya Lipka. "

Finally, operational summary No. 60 of the headquarters of the 48th Army dated September 8, 1941 at 14.00 reads: “533 joint venture from 4.00 went to the line of Sinyavino, (excl.) Lake. Sinyavinskoe. By the time the summary was compiled, no reports had been received. Until the arrival of the regiment, the line is held by a detachment of marines. Thus, none of the three regiments of the 128th Rifle Division, sent by orders of the 48th Army to defend Sinyavin, never arrived there. Shlisselburg turned out to be absolutely open. By the evening of September 7, Sinyavino was lost. The German attack on Shlisselburg followed only on the morning of September 8. But no one came to Shlisselburg's aid. At two o'clock in the afternoon on September 8, 1941, the headquarters of the 48th Army did not yet know about the capture of Sinyavin by the enemy. In the days that followed, the 128th Rifle Division nevertheless launched an offensive on Sinyavino, fought for the Workers 'Settlement No. 5, advanced to the Workers' Settlement No. 6, even temporarily surrounded the 424th German Regiment of Colonel Hoppe, but she failed to recapture the Sinyavino area. ... Time was lost.

On September 2, 1941, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command moved the 54th Army to the Mginsky sector. However, she was not destined to participate in the defense of Shlisselburg. Commander of the 54th Army Marshal Soviet Union GI Kulik, in a conversation with Marshal of the Soviet Union K. Ye. Voroshilov on September 13, 1941, assessed the situation that had developed near Shlisselburg by September 8, 1941: “Two words about the former 48th Army. (…) People lie, deceive each other. (...) Therefore, the seizure of Shlisselburg must be attributed to the general lies and ignorance of the affairs of the top bosses, as is the case on the spot. And they reassured me that everything was going well in this area, and just at the time when the army was concentrating, I could not leave and trusted the headquarters of the 48th Army and its commander that they would not allow the enemy in the direction of Shlisselburg. I was fully occupied with organizing a regrouping to capture the Mga station. During this period, I could have abandoned one rifle division, which would not have allowed the capture of Shlisselburg. True, this is an unpleasant story, but I wanted to report to you the exact truth. "

Fatal errors

The fall of Shlisselburg deprived the Ladoga military flotilla of the last equipped base with repair facilities. But the surrender of Shlisselburg was a much greater loss for the Leningraders. If it was possible to keep Shlisselburg and the Sinyavinsky heights, a railway could be built on the Ladoga lowland, as was done in January-February 1943 after the blockade was broken. And the Germans would not have seen it from the Sinyavinsky heights, they could not correct the artillery fire on the trains, since the Sinyavinsky heights would have remained behind us.

D O bug horns in war. The responsibility for them is great. In September 1941, major mistakes were made by the military command, civilian and party leadership. And for these fatal mistakes, the soldiers of the Leningrad and Volkhov fronts, the Leningrad martyrs and the unfortunate inhabitants of the occupied villages and cities of the Leningrad region paid with their lives for 900 endlessly long days of siege.

Pavel Apel,

Senior Researcher

Museum-Reserve "Breaking the Siege of Leningrad"

At a meeting of the heads of the leading enterprises of the Kirov region

On June 25, at the Palace of Culture in Kirovsk, a joint meeting of the Board of Directors was held under the head of the administration and the Public Chamber of the Kirovsky Municipal District of the Leningrad Region.

ACCIDENTS

The traffic police is looking for eyewitnesses of the incident

In the production of the department of inquiry of the OMVD of Russia in the Kirovsky district of the Leningrad Region, there is a criminal case initiated on the fact of repeated driving by a person in a state of intoxication, namely on March 18, 2019 at about 17 hours 30 minutes gr. V., driving a car "VAZ-21093" b.z. M 308 PE 47, moved along the main road along the street. Krasny Prospekt, Shlisselburg, Kirovsky District, Leningrad Region, where near building # 1 of house # 1 lost control and made an exit into the oncoming lane, followed by an exit onto the sidewalk and colliding with an obstacle.

Operation Teen continues!

On June 17, within the framework of the third stage "Summer" of the complex preventive operation "Teenager", the commission on minors' affairs and protection of their rights of the administration of the Kirovsky municipal district of Leningrad Oblast held a preventive event in the summer labor and recreation camp "Enthusiast", organized on the basis of MBOU "Mginskaya middle School of General education".

SOCIETY

Household gas leakage is dangerous!

Many natural gases are hazardous to humans. However, the most dangerous are methane, city main gas and LPG in cylinders. They use them in everyday life. If they leak, they cause asphyxiation, poisoning and can lead to an explosion, therefore it is necessary to know and strictly follow the rules for using and caring for gas appliances, water heaters, stoves. The traffic police informs! In order to implement a set of measures aimed at excluding from participation in road traffic vehicles, the light transmission coefficient of which does not meet the regulatory requirements, in the period from June 1 to June 20, a preventive measure "Toning" is carried out. During the event, the traffic police will do a lot of work to identify violations related to management vehicle with glass, the light transmission of which does not meet the requirements of the technical regulations for the safety of wheeled vehicles. The traffic police warns about this and other preventive measures in advance in order to once again remind drivers how to properly drive a vehicle without violating traffic rules.