German tank groups during blitzkrieg. Summer in 1941.
The offensive was supposed to be carried out with the support of other types of generics of the Armed Forces, primarily aviation. However, during the first few days of hostilities, the BCC Air Force was partially paralyzed and could not provide substantial support to their parts. Therefore, the largest tank compounds of the Red Army - mechanized buildings that were 36,000 people who had 36,000 people. 1031 Tank (120 heavy T-28, T-35, KB, 420 medium-sized T-34 types, 316 Wheel-tracked Tanks, 17 light T-27, T-30, T-40, T-60, or other types and 152 chemical (flameless) tanks), 358 guns and mortars, 268 armored cars 1 BA-10, 116 BA-20, were unable to adequately resist the German meal machine. After the attack on the USSR in German tank troopsah on June 1, 1941, 877 pz tanks were listed. KPFW. I, 1074 pz. KPFW. II, 170 pz. KPFW. 35 (t). 754 pz. KPFV. 38 (t), 350 pz. KPFW. 111 with 37-mm gun, 1090 pz. KPFW. III with 50mm gun, 517 pz. KPFW. IV of various modifications, as well as 330 commander tanks. The first combat unit of armored search of the Wehrmacht was a tank division (Panzer-Division). In June 1941, the German tank divisions had several typical structures and were equipped with a different material part.
The German tank "Panther" one of the tank Divisions of the SS, covers the infantry offensive. Spring 1944.
Organizationally at the beginning of the operation of the Barbarossa operation 17 of the vesatically had tank divisions were combined into four tank groups (Panzer-Gruppen). The 4th Panzer-Gruppe 4 (Panzer-Gruppe 4) was part of the North Army Group, which arrived at Leningrad. The 2nd and 3rd tank groups fell into Moscow and acted as part of the Center for Army Group. The 1st tank group subordinated to the group of army "South" comes to Kiev and further to Rostov.
The German technique lined up as on the parade, before the march. Summer in 1941. After the allies dominated in the air from the summer of 1944, the entire German technique moved predominantly at night, with a rare exception in the afternoon.
Panzer-Gruppe tank forces 4 from June to October 1941 consisted of 1,6th and S-th tank divisions. The 1st tank division was a two-bedroom (in the 1st tank shelf, 43 pz.kpfw tank was listed. II, 71 pz. KPFW. ILL with a 55-mm gun L / 42, 20 PZ. KPFW. IV and 11 commander tanks), And the 6th and 8th - three-block composition. The 6th Tank Division had 47 pz in its composition. KPFW. II, 155 pz.kpfw. 35 (t), 30 pz. KPFW. Iv, 5 Commander Tanks based on Czech Tank 35 (T) and 8 Commander Tanks Pa Basic German Machines. The 8th Tank Division had 49 PZ tanks. KPFW. II, 118 PZ-KPFW. 38 (t), 30 pz. KPFW. IV. 7 Commander Tanks on the basis of 38 (t) and 8 Commander Tanks of German Production;
Disguise during a march of a late release PZ III tank.
From June 23 to July 27, 1941, a 102nd battalion of flamethrower tanks of two-dimensional composition (but 12 flame retardants (F) and 3 ordinary pz are found in the North Army Group (F) and 3 conventional PZ. KPFW. B2 in each company). In the composition of the German army in Norway , which subsequently acted in the Polar and Karelia, the 211th tank battalion was listed, equipped with the French production tanks S-35 and H-38/39, as well as the 40th special purpose tank battalion. In the 3rd tank group as part of two buildings There were 7, 20, 12th and 19th tank divisions, as well as the 101st flamethrow tank battalion.7-I tank division had a three-block composition, in it on June 22, 1941 53 pz tank was listed. KPFW. II. 167 pz. KPFW. 38 (t). 30 pz.kpfw.IV, 8 Commander German Tanks.20th The Tank Division also consisted of three battalions. By the beginning of the war, 44 pz tank was listed. KPFW. 1,121 pz. KPFW. 38 (t). 31 pz. KPFW. IV and 2 commander tanks on the basis of 38 (t) .12-I tank division in the composition of three battalions had 40 pz. KPFW. I. 33 pz. KPNV. II. 109 pz.kpfw. 38 (t), 30 pz. KPFW. IV and 8 commander tanks on the basis of 38 (T) .19th Tank division in the composition of three battalions on June 22, 1941 goal had 42 pz. KPFW. I, 35 pz. KPFW. II, 110 pz. KPFW. 38 (t), 30 pz. KPFW. IV and 11 commander tanks on the basis of 38 (t) .101th flamethrower battalion was in direct subordination of the command of the tank group. It was listed 25 pz. KPFW. And, 42 PZ flamethrow tank. KPFW. II (F). 5 pz. KPFW. ILL with 50mm gun and 1 commander tank. In the 2nd tank group, which was commanded by the famous theoretical and practitioner of the Tank War, General Gainz Guderian, there were 5 tank divisions: 3, 4, 10, 17th and 18th Tank Divisions , as well as the 100th tank battalion of flamethrow tanks.
German tanks PZ-IV on march somewhere in Russia.
The 3rd tank division consisted of three tank battalions and on June 22, 1941 had 58 PZ tanks. KPFW. II. 29 pz.kpfw tanks. IIIL with 50mm gun, 32 pz. KPFW. IV and 15 Commander Tanks.4th Tank Division had a two-block structure. In its 35th tank shelf there were 44 PZ, KPFW, II, 31 PZ. KPFW. ILL with 37 mm cannon, 74 pz. KPFW. ILL with 50mm gun, 20 pz. KPFW. IV and 8 Commander Tanks on the basis of 3S (t). The 10th Tank Division also consisted of two battalions that had one right of medium and three rods of light tanks each. As part of the 7th Tank Regiment of the Division, there were 45 pz.kpfw.ii tanks, 105 pz tanks. KPFW. ILL with 50mm gun, 20 pz tanks. KPLW. IV and 12 Commander Machines.17th and 18th Tank Divisions on June 22, 1941 had a loss of tank battalion each. The battalions consisted of one company of medium and two mouth of light tanks. In the 39th tank shelf of the 17th tank division there were 12 pz tanks. KPFW. I, 44 sneaker PZ. KPLW. II, 106 pz tanks. KPFW. ILL with 50mm gun, 30 pz tanks. KPLW. IV and 10 commander tanks. In the 18th tank shelf of the 18th tank division there were 6 pz tanks. KPLW. I, 50 pz tanks. KPLW. II. 99 pz tanks. KPFW. III with 50mm gun, 15 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 12 commander tanks.
Infantry and tanks from the SS division "Leibstandard Adolf Hitler" in position
In the operational submission of the 18th Tank Division, the 100th armored flamethrower battalion was located on the beginning of the German attack on the USSR. As of June 18, 1941, there were 24 ordinary PZ in the battalion. KPFW. II, 42 flamethrower PZ. KPFW. II (f), 5 pz. KPFW. III with a 50-mV gun and 1 commander tank.
The 1st tank group operating in the group of army "South" consisted of five tank divisions of a two-bedtopic composition. This group included 13, 14, 9, 16th and 11th tank divisions.
German tanks from the 47th mechanized corps during Blitzkrieg in the USSR. Group of Army "Center", July 1941.
R 9th Tank Division 22 June 1941 Goal There were 8 pz tanks. KPFTV. I, 32 sneakers PZ. KPFW. II, 11 pz tank. KPFW. ILL with 50mm gun, 20 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 12 commander tanks
Soviet BT-2 tanks on the exercises. At first, these machines were used as training, then they began to participate in hostilities. Beginning of June 1941.
Direction of the actions of German tank groups on initial stage Wars from June to December 1941.
Radium Tank T-26 (arr.1933) at the aerodrome in Lutsk. June 1941.
15 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 12 commander tanks.
In addition to the usual armored equipment in the 3rd battalion of the 6th banking regiment of the 3rd tank division, as well as in the 18th tank shelf of the 18th Tank Division and in the 35th tank shelf of the 4th tank division there were tanks "underwater "(Tauchpanzer) capable of overcome significant water obstacles and equipped with special equipment. The first cars created on the basis of PZ tanks. KPFW. ILL AUSF. G or AiISF. H and PZ. KPFW. IV AUSF. E enrolled in troops in 1940 in the 3rd and 18th tank divisions. The 4th tank division received such a special armored technique in the spring of 1941.
In the operational submission of the 18th Tank Division, the 100th armored flamethrower battalion was located on the beginning of the German attack on the USSR. As of June 18, 1941, there were 24 ordinary PZ in the battalion. KPFW. II, 42 flamethrower PZ. KPFW. II (f), 5 pz. KPFW. III with 50mm gun and 1 commander tank.
The 1st tank group operating in the group of army "South" consisted of five tank divisions of a two-bed mill. This group included 13, 14, 9, 16th and 11th tank divisions.
In the 13th Tank Division on June 22, 1941 there were 45 pz tanks. KPFW. II, 27 pz tanks. KPFW. ILL with a 37-mm gun, 20 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 13 commander tanks.
Soviet tank specialists examine the destroyed light German tank PZ-II. The tank is belonging to the 8th number of the 13th Tank Division. July 1941.
In the 14th Tank Division on June 22, 1941, there were 45 pz tanks. KPFW. II, 27 pz tanks. KPFW. ILL with 50mm gun, 20 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 11 commander tanks. In the 36th tank shelf of the 14th Tank Division, part of the machines were also equipped with an underwater equipment.
In the 9th Tank Division on June 22, 1941 goals were 8 pz tanks. KPFTV. I, 32 sneakers PZ. KPFW. II, 11 pz tank. KPFW. ILL with 50mm gun, 20 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 12 commander tanks
The 15th Tank Regiment 11th Tank Division on June 22, 1941 Goal had 44 Tank PZ, KPFW. II, 24 PZ tank. KPFW. ILL with a gun 37 mm,
47 pz tanks. KPFW. ILL with 50-mm gun, 20 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 8 commander tanks.
The 2nd Tank Regiment of the 16th Tank Division on June 22, 1941 had 4 pz tanks. Kpiw. And, 23 PZ tank. KPFW. Hi with 37-mm gun,
48 pz tanks. Kpiw. ILL with 50mm gun, 20 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 10 communities.
In the artillery of the Wehrmacht, infantry and tank divisions maintained separate batteries and batteries of assault guns.
The assault tool division in 1941 consisted of 18 Sau Stug III (from November 1941 - 21 Stug III) in three batteries and machine commander commander.
With the beginning of the operation of "Barbarossa" in the battles on the territory of the USSR, twelve divisions of the assault tools were participated: 197th, 190th and 244th - as part of the group of Army "South", 184th and 185th - as part of the Army Group " North, "189, 191, 192, 201, 203, 210,226th and 243th divisions of assault guns and separate Rota assault guns of the division " Great Germany"- As part of the Army Group" Center ".
A similar organization of German tank compounds with minor changes "lasted" from June 22, 1941 But September 1941. Before the onset of Moscow, by the beginning of October 1941, a solid regrouping was carried out in the German tank troops.
The group of Army "Center" was submitted by the 2nd Tank Army of the Wehrmacht (the tank army was formed on the basis of the 2nd tank group - approx. Aut.) As part of the 24th Tank Corps (3rd and 4th Tank Divisions) and 48 "Tank corps (9th tank division), as well as the 3rd and 4th tank groups.
The 3rd tank group consisted of the 56th Tank Corps (6th and 7th Tank Divisions) and the 41st Army Corps (included in it; "1st Tank Division).
The 4th tank group transmitted from the Army Group North, had the 40th Army Corps (2nd and 10th Tank Divisions), 46th Tank Corps (5th and 11th Tank Divisions), 57th Tank Corps (20th Tank Division), as well as the 19th Tank Division, which submitted directly to the commander of the tank group.
In September 1941, the 202nd separate division of assault guns was additionally included in the Center for the Center "Center", which was subsequently occurred in the direction of Tula and Moscow.
The 39th Tank Corps continued to remain as part of the North Army Groups in the 16th Army of the Wehrmacht (8th and 12th Tank Divisions).
As part of the Army Group "South", the 1st tank group was listed as part of the 3rd tank (14th and 16th tank divisions) of the hull.
However, the winter onset of the Red Army under Rostov and near Moscow significantly weakened the vermachlet tank compounds. Although they retained their structure, but there were much less tanks than before the operation.
By December 31, 1941, in sixteen tank divisions of the Wehrmacht, fought as part of the Army Groups "Center" and "North", 428 pz tanks were listed. KPFW. I, 424 pz. KPFW. II, 796 Tanks of Czechoslovak production PZ. KPFW. 35 (t) and pz. KPFW.3S (T), 660 pz tanks. KPFW. ILL. 348 pz tanks. KPFW. IV and 79 commander tanks.
Soviet light tank BT-7 from the 1st mechanized corps destroyed by German artillery. July 1941.
However, the leadership of the Wehrmacht, despite the defeats of the late 1941, did not go to the organizational change of the structure of the structure of the Bronnan Connection. Tank divisions continued to be the main impact unit of the Tank Forces of the Wehrmacht and 1942. The German command additionally began to form new armored compounds in July 1941. By August 1, the 21st Tika Division was formed (on the basis of the 5th light infantry division - approx. Auth.), By September 25 - 22nd Tank Division and the 23rd Tank Division, by December 1 - 24th Tank Division (formed Pa Ban 1st Cavalry Division - approx. Auth.). But in 1941, only the 203rd tank regiment was included in the Soviet-German F | YUPT, which was included in the North Army Group in December 1941.
The evolution of the number and organizational structure of the Armored Forces of the Red Army in 1941 was developed by another coup. According to the "Consolidated statement of the quantitative and high-quality composition of tanks and self-propelled plants, which were in military districts, Parambaz and the warehouses of the Defense People's Commissariat, as of June 1, 1941, 23106 tanks and self-propelled plants were in service. Of these were 18691 or 80.9 % From May 31 to June 21, 1941, another 206 new tanks were shipped from the factories (41 KB, 138 T-34 and 27 T-40). Of the 29 formed to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War There were 18 mechanized cases of the mechanized corps of the European part of the USSR in the border districts of the European part of the USSR. And in June-July 1941, a few more companies from the depths of the country were deployed to the front. However, despite the large quantitative superiority soviet tanks The RKKK mehcorus had lack-compounded rebar services that did not allow the massive movement of troops without the technical breakdowns of most of the tanks and cars. Also, the hulls did not have a sufficient number of anti-tank facilities, motorized infantry and aviation support.
German tanks and motorized parts from the 6th Tank Division attack Soviet positions. July 1941.
According to the Soviet military documents of this historical period for aviation, interacting with tank compounds, the following tasks assigned:
1. The maintenance of aerial intelligence (long and near) and attack of the tank columns of the enemy.
2. Maintain links between columns of their tanks.
3. Actions in a breakthrough against the enemy tanks (air attack, supporting their tanks).
4. Promoting assault aviation tanks »Reflection of the tank counterattack of the enemy
From the listed tasks it is clear that the joint actions of aviation with tanks were most frequent in the counter, offensive battle and prosecution. In other types of combat, the joint actions of tanks and aviation were reduced to intelligence and targeting (targeting on target).
The interaction of tanks with aviation was largely depended on the workplace with the latter.
The main thing when organizing the interaction of the current calculation of the time (with a premature application of the air from the air, a small effect was reached. And during the delayed, the actions of aviation were hampered, as a result of which the danger of defeating their tanks).
These tasks in the first days of the war with the brilliance were performed by German Air Force.
They had in their composition not only successful tactical and technical characteristics The JU-87 dive bomber, but also used a well-developed scheme for the interaction of this aircraft with ground troops, as well as HS-123, HS-126 and FW-1S9 adjustments with occurring vermachlet tank connections. The main Soviet attack aircraft Il-2 by the beginning of the war began to enter the troops and was not sufficiently mastered by the pilots, and the air reconnaissance, performing corrective functions over the battlefield, the Soviet Air Force did not have.
Tank T-26 destroyed during the battle with German tanks. Summer in 1941.
Thus, devoid of air support and not fully equipped! In the early days of the war, the Soviet mechanized corps could not participate in the conduct of strategic operations on the defeat of large groups of the enemy. The main form of the operational-tactical use of these compounds in the first months of the war should be considered to be the application of more or less successful counterdoverns but broken by the groupings of the enemy. At the same time, the losses from technical malfunctions on marches, as well as from artillery and opponent aviation, were so great that after 1 - 2 months as combat units of mechanized cases ceased to exist.
The best example of a critical assessment of the activities and forms of tactical use of Soviet tank compounds in the first weeks of the war is the documents of the management of the 8th mechanized corps from 22 to 29 June 1941:
Soviet tank specialists examine the German tank of Czechoslovak production by Soviet aviation PZ.KPFW 38 (T (3-tank group of the 20th tank division).
Evaluating this document, it should be noted that the Russians, despite many military miscalculations, in general, more than other peoples are inclined to analytical thinking. In general, commanded in their conclusions on the activities of the Corps compounds for the first week of the war, the reasons for failures were defined: the surprise of the strikes, the German and unpreparedness of the Soviet tank crews, the helplessness of the RKKA Air Force and many other reasons.
However, the main reason for the defeat of the Red Army as a strategic and tactical nature was associated with the weak preparation of the personnel of the Red Army, and especially the commanders of all degrees to the war with the German army, which in June 1941 was a high-profile sophisticated combat mechanism.
Destroyed by Soviet Aviation Tank Czechoslovak production PZ.KPFW 38 (T (3th Tank Group of the 20th Tank Division). July 1941.
Confirmation of this provision is the armament and organization of the interaction of German tank forces with aviation and infantry units. The tactics of their interaction are described in one of the reports of the 7th mechanized corps command in mid-July 1941 on the Western Front in the Smolensk area.
From this document it follows that German tank joints tried to avoid clashes with Soviet cars, in order to save people and personal composition, preferring to destroy tank parts soviet army With the help of artillery fire and aviation. And most importantly, in the composition of the German tank divisions was a motorized infantry, which is able to accompany the tanks on the march, in battle, and reflect the attempts of tank-consumable opponent units to destroy armored vehicles. The qualitative condition of the motorized and rifle units of the Red Army in 1941 in terms of training and combat revenue, undoubtedly infuriated by the infantry divisions of the Wehrmacht. This was due to the fact that the rifle parts were guided mainly low-qualified, socially inert call-up content from rural areas, which was impossible to use in aviation, on the fleet, in tank or other special Forces. On low quality of our infantry, it was not embarrassed by the command of the Red Army. Thus, Major General of the Tank Forces A.brosikov, who was in July 1941, informed the head of the Red Army to the Red Army to the head of the Red Army, Lieutenant A.Fedorenko:
Two BA-10 armored vehicles from the 6th mechanized case are exploration. July 1941, West Front.
"Lieutenant-General Tov.Fedorenko:
Just returned from the front, where she stayed 5 days in most 107 etc. hereinafter referred to as actually 69 motorized rifle
1. It still exists like a motorized rifle division. Tanks from 210 on July 28 left 80 pieces and pieces 30 are repaired
2. Tanks act in conjunction with their motor food: each battalion is attached to one battalion (infantry), the rest are in the hands of the division commander.
3. 80% of losses from aviation, and loss of 65% of tanks burned down. I watched and watched as KB were shot from NTO and 75-mm guns, the tank received 15-17 hits of various calibers and not one, only jammed the tank tower returned and went to repair.
4. Tankers fight well, the infantry is bad, taking measures to make the infantry.
5. In 101 TD, it remains on the course of 50 cars and pieces 25 in repair.
The case with the repair and restoration in both divisions is much better than in 7 MK.
6. There is still no armor-piercing shells and is very poorly the case with projectiles to 37 mm cannon.
7. I ask the decisions of 7 and 17 IMK they need to send them somewhere, leaving a small reserve of the front.
8. sing a number or many questions that would need to be resolved in Moscow with you. It would be nice if you called me a day to Moscow. "
Soviet specialists examine the destroyed German tank. July 1941.
However, in these documents, it is impossible not to notice the first positive responses to the actions of Soviet tankers and excellent assessments of the qualities of domestic heavy tanks. Moreover, not inferior to the enemy in personal courage, the Soviet tankers gradually improved their combat skills.
In contrast to the German forms of use of infantry, which accompanied the advancing tanks on armored personnel carriers or within walking, soviet commanders The first began to use tank landing in battles. Pre-war instructions were forbidden to place infantry on armored cars, however, experience has shown that the infantry planted on tanks in the fight against tanks was given to the tanks: a group of fighters armed with anti-tank guns occupied convenient positions and successfully reflected infantage enemy tanks, letting the enemy tanks on a close The distance, threw them with bottles with a combustible mixture, and then hiding in the slots, missed the tanks and continued to destroy them when the last breakthrough for the defensive strip.
The destroyed T-26 tank with the crew during the July fighting of 1941
The Tankists of the 4th Tank Brigade of the Red Army (from November 11, 1941 - the 1st Guards Tank Brigade) under the command of the Colonel M. Katukuv, were traded to the highest tactic.
This compound, like many other tank brigades, began to form in September 1941. The choice of such an organizational-regular unit was due to the modest possibilities of the Soviet tank industry, which significantly reduced the volume of its production due to the evacuation of tank factories in the rear districts of the country. The mechanized RKKA corps were disbanded in July 1941. At the same time, 10 separate tank divisions of the new orcient structure were formed on the basis of the services of the Internal Military Districts. The number of tanks in them was reduced to 217, in the tank company instead of 17 tanks, it became 10, the Gaubic Artillery Molk was transformed into the anti-tank, instead of the repair and restorative battalion, the divisions were introduced ;; Repair and repair company.
the actual figures were somewhat different from the approved standard structure, and the Tank Park of individual Tank Divisions of the Red Army was very diverse. Thus, the 104th RKKA Tank Division Pa 14.07.41 had in its composition BT-7 - 50 pieces. 19 BT-5, 3 BT-2, 136 T-26, 37 BA-10,14 BA-20.50 Tractors C-60, C-65,327 gas-aa trucks, 22 passenger cars, 77 benzocystunn, 150 special machines .
Until September 6, 1941, KB 14 pieces were additionally received, 60 T-34.4 T-40.20 T-26.19 Tractors. 26 gas-aluminum trucks, 4 benzocytestenes and 10 special machines.
The 109th separate tank division was 29.08.41 in its composition 7 kb, 20 T-34, 82 T-26.13 XT-130.22 W. 10T-40, 10 BA-10. 13 BA-20. Replenishment Division did not receive the material part of the Tankopaya Division.
All individual tank divisions were transferred to the submission of commander commander.
101,102,104,105,107,108,109,110, 111.112-I tank divisions of the new regular organization together with the 60th and 61st red-known tank divisions formed in the Far East in March 1941 - approx. Avt.) In July-August 1941 (and 112 TD - in October - approx. auth.) But PA Soviet-German Front. In the Far East and the course of four years, only the bottom of the divisional compounds remained: the 61st Red Banner Tank Division and the 111st Tank Division. The remaining divisions participated in hostilities in the area of \u200b\u200bSmolensk, Yelni, and then in battles near Moscow. As the material decreased since September 1941, the goal of tank divisions since September 1941, both those who built the mechorts and individual, began to form in tank brigades.
According to the Orders of the NGO of August 23, 1941, the tank brigade was to have a tank regiment, a motorized shooting rifle-megan battalion, an anti-aircraft artalerian division, AI also supply and maintenance units. Tank regiment consisted of a track of tank battalions: the first of the sneez had two companies of medium and the company heavy tanks, and the second and third battalions are three companies of light tanks. Total N brigade numbered 93 tanks (7 square meters. 22 T-34.64 T-40 or T-60).
In September 1941, in tank battalions, the number of tanks decreased, and the brigade began to have 67 tanks. To quickly bring the fighting tasks to tank battalions, that is, improving the conditions for managing the divisions of the brigade, the regimental link in it from December 9, 1941 was abolished. According to a new state, instead of a tank shelf, it began to have two tank battalions, in each rot of heavy (5 Kb), the company of medium (7 T-34) and the mouth of the lungs (10 T-40 or T-60) tanks. In total, there were 46 tanks in the brigade of such an organization.
However, in practice, tank brigades, normalized in August-September 1941, had different numbers and non-appropriate material structures.
For example, the 4th RKKA Tank Brigade on October 3, 1941 was a tank regiment (49 BT-7 tanks, T-34. T-60. Kb), a motorized rifle battalion, an anti-aircraft artillery division, repair company and others special divisions. There were two battalions in the tank shelf, the first of them was equipped with BT-7 tanks, the second had a mouth of medium (T-34, STZ), lungs (T-60) and heavy tanks (KB). It was on the battalion scheme that tank brigade began to be formed in the future. They, as a rule, were staffed by the personnel of the former Tank divisions of the RSCT, and the commanders became officers and generals who had manifested themselves in the use of tank weapons in the first months of the Great Patriotic War or in any other conflicts. So the commander of the 4th tank brigade was coming 20th Tank Division Colonel M.E. Catukov, commander of the 11th Tank Brigade - Hero of the Civil War in Spain Colonel J.P. Loman and TL, during October-November 1941, the first separate tank battalions appeared in the Red Army. Their emergence is due to the admission of English in the USSR, somewhat later - American armored vehicles, which, naturally, was created outside the technical requirements of the defense addict. In 1941, individual battalions of British Tanks MK II "Matilda II" and MKIII "Valentine" enhanced existing tank divisions and individual tank brigades. So. The 1st Guards TBR in early December was strengthened by a separate Tank Battalion of the English Tanks of MC II. Also, certain tank battalions had some RKKKA rifle divisions. As a rule, both uneducated from the tank and motorized RKKI divisions using the material part remaining from these structures.
Separate tank battalion rifle Division It consisted of three tank mouth (one company of medium and two rods of light tanks, only 29 tanks) and repair and repair company.
Thus, by the end of 1941, three tank divisions were located in the Red Army (61, 111th in the Far East. 112th - on the Western Front near Moscow - approx. Aut.), Several dozen tank brigades and individual tank battalions.
In mid-October 1941, but the indication of the rate was put into effect a new "instruction on combat application The tank troops of the Red Army ". It indicated that the tank brigade was the highest tactical connection of tank troops. The main shock force was a tank regiment. The brigade was a means of army commander and fleets.
Separate tank battalion when using it for direct support for infantry in battle, it was possible to give rifle regimentoperating in the main direction. The regiment commander was supposed to use the tank battalion in full, not subordinating the tank mouth to the commander of rifle battalions. It was allowed to transfer a separate tank battalion from one rifle division to another. Separate tank battalions and tank brigades were intended to perform combat missions in close cooperation with infantry and artillery. Tank brigades could also be used to perform independent tasks in conjunction with small and cavalry compounds and air regions.
If necessary, two or three brigades are allowed to unite under the leadership of the head of armored army or front armored troops or a separate person for self-fulfillment of the tasks. It was envisaged in all cases to strengthen the tank brigade by motorized infantry, artillery, a motorcycle part, sacks and carrying out its air from air.
Crushing a tank brigade and a separate tank battalion by transmitting individual parts (units) to other types of troops were not allowed.
The onset of tanks against the defendant enemy should have been conducted after sufficient training, a paid organization of hostilities with other types of troops on the ground.
In the offensive battle against the enemy, hastily switched to defense or having a weakly secured flank, a tank team;! Could act independently, with the support of infantry, artillery and aviation.
When conducting a counter battle with enemy tanks, it was recommended to avoid headile attacks, strive to cover the enemy and strikes on its flanks and the rear, after the start:! Waste:! The gate is to pursue it until complete destruction.
In the defensive operation of the army (front), the brigade was intended for a counterattack from the depth, and in some cases for applying fire damage to the upcoming fire from the place. The use of a tank brigade for self-defense on a par - with rifle divisions was not allowed. With temporary retention of the frontier, it had to organize a maneuverable defense. The tank brigade was recommended to build defense by classes and retention favored in the tactical relationship of individual areas in the fire relationship among themselves.
A separate tank battalion consisting of a rifle division in defense was a shock tool of the division commander.
The requirements of the new instruction but the combat use of the Red Army tank troops were based on the use and actions of individual tank brigades and individual tank battalions in the defense of the Soviet troops in the fall of 1941 in offensive operations Winter campaign 1941/42.
However, in the tactically, the top armor of 1941 should recognize the 1st Guards Tank Brigade. And not only because it served in it the best tank Aces RKKKA (Senior Lieutenant L-Flazrenenko - from October 4, but December 18, 1941, the T-34 Commander T-34 SGZ, got off and destroyed 52 German tanks; senior lieutenant A. F. Burda, commander of the company's heavy tanks. By the end of 1941 destroyed more than 20 German tanks). It is this bright compound that operated in September 1941 on the Western Front in the Murezka area implemented new tactical techniques in the fight against German tanks. The accumulated experience was outlined by im.h. Katukov in the books "Tank battles" and "fighting tanks", as well as in the book of lieutenant colonel G. Klein "Fight tanks with slippers." Based on these works, it is possible to make an idea of \u200b\u200bthe receptions and forms of hostilities of the best tank compounds and the RKKE divisions during the summer-autumn of 1941.
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Data source: Quote from book: Armored Museum 01-1941. Tactics of Tank War.
3rd Wehrmacht Tank Division
3.Panzer-Division
3rd Tank Division It was formed on October 15, 1935 in Berlin and Vünsdorf (Military District III). In March 1939, the 3rd Tank Division participated in the seizure of Czechoslovakia. In September 1939, the Division took part in the Polish campaign. From May 1940, the Division fought in the Netherlands and in France. From July 1940 was located in Germany, from May 1941 - in Poland. Since June 1941, the Division fought on the Eastern Front. From July 1944 was located in Hungary. From January 1945, the 3rd tank division fought in Hungary, then in Austria. The remains of the division surrendered at the end of April 1945 in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Steir in Austria.
Identification Signs of the 3rd Tank Division
1939-1940
First identifying sign The 3rd of the Tank Division was a stylized figure of the Brandenburg Gate, not far from which the division headquarters was located formed mostly in Berlin. Later, this symbol was used by the 20th tank division.
1940-1945
An alternative mark based on the Runic Symbol "Il" (YR, EUR, Eihwaz).
The knap or tees sign, the sacred trees among the German tribes, of which they made Luke.
An identification sign of the 3rd tank division during the operation "Citadel"
in the summer of 1943
Additional identification sign of the 3rd Tank Division - Bear
- Berlin symbol.
Additional identification sign of the 3rd Tank Division -
Coat of arms of Berlin on a heraldic shield.
Middle Tank PZ KPFW III J
2nd Tank of the 2nd platoon 1st company of the 6th tank shelf
Fig. H. Rosado.
Nickname Division - Berlin Medvezhya Division.
1939: September-November - Pomerania, Poland ( XIX. MK 4th and gr. North), December - Nizhny Rain (reserve 6th and gr. B ").
1940: January-April - Nizhny Rain (reserve 6th and gr. B "), May - Holland, Belgium (XLVII MK 6th A gr. South), June - France (XXIV MK 6th A G.A. South), July-November - Germany, III Military District (OKM Reserve), from November 15 - Germany, III Military District (XLVI MK 11th A G.A. «C»).
1941: January-April - Germany, III Military District (XLVI MK 11th and G.A. «C»), from April 7 - Germany, III Military District (XXIV MK 11th and Gr.a "C"), May June - Germany, III Military District (2 TGR), June-December - Minsk, Smolensk, Kiev, Bryansk, Tula (XXIV MK 2nd TGR G.A. Center), from December 25 - Kharkov (LV AK 6- y and gr. South).
1942: From January 5 - Kursk (XLVIII TC 2-y and gr. Center), March-May - Kharkov (6 and gr. South), June - Kharkov (XL TK 6th and G.A. South "), July-December - North Caucasus (XL TK 1st TA G.A. A").
1943: January - North Caucasus (XL TC 1st TA G.A. A "A"), February - Rostov, Stalino (4 ta G.A. Don "), March - r. Mius (III TK 1st T.A.A. A "A"), April-June - r. Mius (Reserve 1st Ta Gr.a "South"), July - Belgorod (III TK 4th T.A. South), August - Kharkov (Kamepf Group Gr.a "South"), September -Octery - R.Dnepr, Kiev (III TC 8-y and gr. South), November - R.Dnepr, Kiev (XXIV TK 4th TA G.A. South), December - Cherkasy (III TK 8th and gr. South).
1944: January-February - Cherkasy (XXXXVIII TK 8th and gr. South), March - Uman (LII TK 6th and gr. A "A"), April - Bug (XXXX AK 6th and c. And "South Ukraine"), May - Dniester, Chisinau (XXXX AK 6-y and gr. South Ukraine), June-July - Dniester, Chisinau (reserve 6th and gr. South Ukraine), August - Vistula, Baranov (XXXXVIII TK 4th TA G.A. North Ukraine), September-December - Narev (Reserve 2nd and gr. Center).
1945: January - Hungary (LXXII AK 6th A G.A. South), February-March - Hungary (III TK 6th and G.A. South), April - Styria (Central Austria; IV TK SS 6- Ya and Gr.a "South"), May - Steyer, Ennes (Styria - Central Austria; IV TK SS 6-y and gr. Austria).
Organization of the 3rd Tank Division on August 1, 1939 (Poland)
5th Tank Regiment "Vünsdorf" (Wünsdorf)
Tank Battalion I (Three Light Tank Rots)
Neuruppin)
Tank Battalion I (Three Light Tank Rots)
Tank Battalion II (Three Light Tank Rots)
Strengthened Training Tank Battalion (Two Light Rotes and Rota Middle Tanks)
3rd rifle regiment
Rifle battalion I.
Rifle battalion II.
3rd motorcycle battalion
75th artillery regiment
headquarters
Motorized platoon
Motorized meteorological department
Motorized Artillery Division II
39th Anti-Tank Division
headquarters
Motorized platoon
1st Motorized Anti-Tank Battery
2nd Motorized Anti-Tank Battery
3rd Motorized Anti-Tank Battery
4th heavy motorized machine gun
3rd Motorized Intelligence Battalion
headquarters
Motorized platoon
1st platoon armored vehicles
2nd platoon armored vehicles
Motorcycle Rota
Heavy motorized Rota
1st sapper company
2nd sapper company
3rd sapper company
Motorized Most
Self-propelled company communication
Self-propelled radio Rota
Self-propelled communication column
Organization of the 3rd Tank Division in 1940 (France)
3rd Tank Brigade "Berlin"
5th Tank Regiment "Vünsdorf" (up to 1.1941)
6th Tank Regiment "Noyroupen"
Tank Battalion I (Staff Rota, Two Light Rotes and Rota Middle Tanks)
Tank Battalion II (Staff Rota, Two Light Rotes and Rota Middle Tanks)
3rd Rifle Brigade "Eberswald"
3rd rifle regiment
3rd motorcycle battalion
75th artillery regiment
39th Anti-Tank Division
3rd Motorized Intelligence Battalion
39th self-propelled communication battalion
39th Division Supply Counter
In August 1940 The 394th rifle regiment entered the division.
In January 1941 The 3rd Tank Division for Education of the 5th Light Division gave the following parts into Africa: Headquarters of the 3rd Tank Brigade, 5th Tank Regiment, 3rd Motorized Intelligence Battalion, 39th Anti-Tank Division, 1st Division 75- The artillery regiment. Instead, the division received in February and March 1941 of the II - a division of the 49th artillery regiment, the 543th anti-tank division and the 1st intelligence battalion.
Organization of the 3rd Tank Division in 1941:
6th Tank Regiment
Tank Battalion I (Staff Rota, Two Light Rotes and Rota Middle Tanks)
Tank Battalion II (Staff Rota, Two Light Rotes and Rota Middle Tanks)
Tank Battalion III (Staff Rota, Two Light Rotes and Rota Middle Tanks)
3rd Rifle Brigade "Eberswald"
3rd rifle regiment
Rifle battalion I.
Rifle battalion II.
394th rifle regiment
Rifle battalion I.
Rifle battalion II.
3rd motorcycle battalion
75th artillery regiment
Artillery Division I.
Artillery Division II.
543th Anti-Tank Division
1st reconnaissance battalion
39th self-propelled sape battalion
39th self-propelled communication battalion
39th Division Supply Counter
Organization of the 3rd Tank Division in the summer of 1943:
Headquarters
Division headquarters
83rd Motorized Topographic Branch
6th Tank Regiment
regimental headquarters
Battery
Tank battalion I.
Tank Battalion II.
3rd Panzergrenadersky Regiment
regimental headquarters
Self-propelled Panzergrenadersky Battalion I (on half-sized armored personnel carriers)
394th Panzergrenadersky Regiment
regimental headquarters
Motorized Rock Package
Motorized Barzurgreneadersky Battalion I
MOTORIZED BANDERGREGRENADER BATALYON II
Motorized Infantry Tool Battery
Self-propelled anti-aircraft battery
75th self-propelled artillery regiment
Regiment headquarters and boat
Motorized Artillery Division I
Motorized Artillery Division II
Motorized Artillery Division III
Motorized observation battery
543th Anti-Tank Division
Headquarters and Battery
Motorized anti-tank battery
Self-propelled anti-tank battery
3rd self-propelled intelligence battalion
headquarters
1st company armored vehicles
2nd Motorcycle Rota
3rd Motorcycle Rota
4th self-propelled reconnaissance company (on half-sized armored personnel carriers)
5th heavy self-propelled reconnaissance company (on half-sized BTR)
Light motorized reconnaissance column
314th Army Anti-Armedlery Division
Headquarters and Motorized Battery
1st heavy motorized anti-aircraft battery
2nd heavy motorized anti-aircraft battery
3rd light anti-aircraft battery
4th self-propelled anti-aircraft battery
Light motorized anti-aircraft supply column
39th self-propelled sape battalion
headquarters
1st self-propelled sapper company (on half-sized armored personnel carriers)
2nd Motorized Sapurian Rota
3rd Motorized Sapurian Rota
Bridge column
Light motorized sapper supply column
83rd field spare battalion (4 companies)
39th Division Supply Counter
Martial Actions of the 3rd Tank Division
In March 1939., After the occupation of the Sudeten region, the 3rd tank division participated in the seizure of the remaining Czechoslovakia. At 8.20 in the morning on March 13, 1939, individual parts reached the Czech capital. Two days later, the tanks of the 3rd Tank Division headed the German parade in Prague.
Polish company
During the Polish campaign, the division was part of the XIX motorized corps of General Guderian and fell from the territory of Pomerania. XIX Corps, in the avant-garde of which was the 3rd tank division, recruit Polish corridor and cut off Poland from the Baltic Sea.
On September 18, 1939, the 3rd Tank Division has established contact in the Brest-Litovsk area with the XXII motorized building, which comes from the south. The second German tank ring was closed. Recent units polish army stopped resistance on October 6th.
5th Tank Regiment (two tank battalions of three light tank companies) - 160 tanks ( PZ IV - 9, PZ III - 3, PZ II - 77, PZ I - 63, PZ BEF - 8).
6th tank regiment (two tank battalions of three light tank companies) - 158 tanks ( PZ IV - 9, PZ III - 3, PZ II - 79, PZ I - 59, PZ BEF - 8).
Training Tank Battalion (Two Light Rotes and Rota Middle Tanks) - 73 Tank (PZ IV - 14, PZ III - 37, PZ II - 20, PZ BEF - 2).
French company
After a successful company in Poland, the division was transferred to the West Front. In terms of the defeat of France, the division was to act as part of the group of the "b" army. She joined Belgium and the Netherlands as part of the forces taking the French troops in the Netherlands. In the second phase of the campaign, when the German army turned to the south to occupy France, the 3rd tank division fell to the west of Paris. The division had serious combat clashes with the French 3rd Mechanized Division. Total for the company, the Tankists of the Division stated about 87 destroyed enemy tanks.
5th tank regiment - 130 tanks (PZ IV - 16, PZ III - 29, PZ II - 55, PZ I - 22, PZ BEF - 8).
6th Tank Regiment - 136 Tanks (PZ IV - 16, PZ III - 29, PZ II - 60, PZ I - 23, PZ BEF - 8).
In January 1941, the Division was withdrawn to Germany on vacation and re-formation.
The 5th tank regiment was derived from the 3rd Tank Division for the formation of the 5th Easy African Division, which became part of the newly formed African Corps.
In March 1941, when the tank troops was reorganized, the 6th tank regiment was received by the III battalion, which was transmitted from the disbanded 28th tank regiment of the 18th tank division, where he was the II battalion. The battalion was in service with underwater ("diving") tanks created from average PZ III and PZ IV tanks for operation " Sea lion»" (Invasion of England).
Eastern front
After rest and recovery, in May 1941, the division was replied to Poland and became part of the 2nd tank group of General Guderian Army Center for the Center.
The 6th tank regiment consisted of three trotter battalions and was in service 203 tank PZ IV - 20, PZ III - 110, PZ II - 58, PZ BEF - 15).
June - September 1941
From June 22, 1941 as part of the 2nd Tank Group, which is part of the Army Group, the 3rd Tank Division fell in the first echelon. The division of the Division took part in all major battles in the central direction: Minsk - Smolensk, (Belostok-Minsk Battle, Smolensk Battle of 1941) - and by September there are about 50 tanks.
After the completion of the Smolensk battle, the 2nd tank group was deployed to the south, where he took part surrounded by the forces of the South-Western Front near Kiev.
October - December 1941
The 3rd Tank Division took part in the battle near Moscow 1941-1942. As part of the 2nd tank group of General Guderian.
1942
In March 1942, the 3rd tank division was transferred from the Center for Army Center to the Kharkov district to the 6th Army of the South Army Group. After the victory near Kharkov, the division was transferred to the 1st tank army, which was educated group Army "A", for the attack in the Caucasus.
The 6th tank regiment (three battalions of the three-year composition) had 164 tanks in service ( PZ IV - 33, PZ III - 106, PZ II - 25).
1943
In early 1943, under the threat of surroundings, the Army Group "A" began a retreat, and the 3rd tank division was transferred to the new group of Don Army and translated under Rostov.
In May 1943, the III battalion of the 6th tank shelf was disbanded. By August, the battalion was in service with PZ KPFW V Panther tanks ("Panther").
After the retreat from the Kursk during the fall of 1943, the 3rd tank division in December was located in the area of \u200b\u200bKirovograd, where he fell into the "boiler", from which he came out with the help of a discrepancy group with the participation of the Division "Great Germany".
6th Tank Regiment (one tank battalion - II - He - Staff and Four Tank Rotes) - 90 Tanks (PZ IV - 23, PZ III - 59, PZ II - 7, PZ BEF - 1).
PZ IV "GRISLYBÄR" on the Eastern Front in September 1943
1944
All year the 3rd tank division retreated first in the group of the Army Group "South" through Ukraine, fighting under Cherkasy, Uman and on the Bug. Then the 3rd tank division was departed to Poland and as part of the Center for Army Center in the fall of 1944, there were fights on Narev.
In December 1944, the Division was replenished.
1945
In January 1945, the 3rd tank division was transferred to Hungary, where he fought until April, then retreated to Austria. The remains of the division surrendered at the end of April 1945 in the city of Steir in Austria by American troops.
Division Commanders:
The first commander was Major General, then Lieutenant-General Ernst Fesmann (Ernst Feßmann) October 15, 1935 - September 30, 1937
Lieutenant-General Leo Freicher Geyer von Schweppenburg ( LEO FREIHERR GEYR VON SCHWEPPENBURG) October 12, 1937 - September 27, 1939
Major General Horst Stumpf (HORST STUMPFF) September 27, 1939 - December 14, 1939
Lieutenant-General Leo Freicher Geyer von Schevepenburg December 15, 1939 - February 14, 1940
Lieutenant-General Friedrich Kün (Friedrich Kühn) September 1940 - October 3, 1940
Lieutenant-General Horst Stumpf (HORST STUMPFF) October 4, 1940 - November 14, 1940
Lieutenant-General Walter Model (Walter Model) November 15, 1940 - October 21, 1941
General of Tank Forces Hermann Breit (Hermann Breith) October 22, 1941 - September 1, 1942
Colonel Kurt Freicher von Libenstein (Kurt Freiherr Von Liebenstein) September 1 - October 24, 1942
Lieutenant General Franz Westhoven (Franz Westhoven) October 25, 1942 - October 20, 1943
Lieutenant-General Fritz Baerlene (Fritz Bayerlein. ) October 20, 1943 - January 4, 1944
Colonel Rudolf Lang (Rudolf Lang. ) January 5, 1944 - May 24, 1944
Lieutenant-General Wilhelm Philips (Wilhelm Philipps. ) May 25, 1944 - January 20, 1945
Major General Wilhelm Zot (Wilhelm s ö th th ) January 20, 1945 - April 19, 1945
The death of fronts Pleisen Ilya Borisovich
The composition of the grouping and plans of the German command (Army Group "Center")
The composition of the grouping and plans of the German command
(Army Group Center)
The fighting on the territory of Belarus and Lithuania should have been kept connections and parts of the Center for the Center of the Center under the command of General Feldmarshal Boc.
The Army Center "Center" has 31 infantry division, 7 motorized, 1 cavalry and 9 tank divisions and was the strongest of all the Wehrmacht armor groups.
The organizationally, the Center for Army Center "Center" included 2 field armies and 2 tank groups.
The 3rd of the Wehrmacht's tank group, subordinated to the operatively commander of the 9th Army (until June 25 operated against the troops of the North-Western Front. - Note. Auto), consisted of the falling tank group of the 5th (5, 35 PD) and the 6th (6, 26 PD) of the Army Corps, as well as 39th (14, 20 MD and 7, 20 TD) and the 57th ( 18 MD and 12, 19 TD) motorized buildings.
| Tank Division | Pz.kpfw.i. | Pz.kpfw.II. | Pz.kpfw.III | Pz.kpfw.iv | PZ.KPFW.38 (T) | Commands. Tanks | Fire. Tanks | Note. |
| 7 TD | - | 53 | - | 30 | 167 | 8 | - | Com. German production tanks |
| 12 TD | 40 | 33 | - | 30 | 109 | 8 | - | Com. Tanks based on 38 (t) |
| 19 TD | 42 | 35 | - | 30 | 110 | 11 | - | Com. Tanks based on 38 (t) |
| 20 TD * | 44 | - | - | 31 | 121 | 2 | - | Com. Tanks based on 38 (t) |
| 101 | - | 25 | 5 | - | - | 1 | 42 | Fireman. Tanks pz.kpfw.II (F) |
* The 20th tank division was promptly subordinated to the 643th Tancoat consumption division of 18 47-mm SAU Panzerjaeger I and 4 pz.kpfw.i ausf.b or commander tanks at its base.
The 9th Army of the Wehrmacht consisted of the 8th (8, 28,161 PD), the 20th (162, 256 PD) and the 42nd (87, 102, 129 PD) of the Army buildings, as well as the 900th separate brigade and the 403th Security Division of Army subordination. The 5th and 6th Army Corsuses were transferred to the operational submission of the 3rd tank group. In the period from June 23 to July 27, 1941, the 102nd battalion of flamethrower tanks of the two-dimensional composition (12 flame retardant (F) and 3 ordinary pz.kpfw.b2 in each number) was subordinate to the command of the 9th Army; - 561th Tancoatiable Division (27 47-MM SAU and 4 Commander Machines based on French Trophy Tanks R-35, as well as the platoon towed anti-tank guns SPZ.41).
The 4th Army of Wehrmacht consisted of the 7th (7, 23, 258, 268 PD), 9th (137, 263, 292 PD), the 13th (17, 78 PD) and 43rd (131, 134 , 252 PD) Army buildings, as well as the 221th and 286th security divisions. 12th (31, 34, 45 PD) Army Corps, as well as 167, 267, 255th and, presumably, the 293rd divisions were promptly subordinated to the headquarters and compounds (167 PD - 47 MK, 267 PD - 24 MK , 255 PD - headquarters of the 2nd TGR) of the 2nd tank group of General Guderian. In addition to the tanks, the 2nd TG, as part of the 7th building of the 4th army, there was a 529th tanker-consumable division consisting of 27 47-MM SAU and 4 commander's machines built on the basis of French trophy tanks R-35.
The actions of the compounds and parts of the Wehrmacht field armies, along with tank-consuming divisions, were maintained by separate assault tool divisions.
Division of assault tools in 1941 consisted of 18 Sau Stug III in three batteries and a division commander machine.
As part of the center of the Center "Center" with the beginning of the Barbarossa operation, 189, 191, 192, 201, 203, 210, 226th and 243-pm assault guns operated.
The 2nd tank group, promptly subordinate to the commander of the 4th Army of the Wehrmacht, consisted of 12th (31, 34, 45 PD), 24th (3, 4th TD, 1 CD, 10 MD), 47th (17 , 18 TD, 29 MD) and the 46th (10 TD, Motorized Regiment of the Wehrmacht "Great Germany", Motorized Division of the MS "Reich") of motorized buildings.
Composition of the material part of the Tank Division of the 2nd Tank Group * Wehrmacht on June 22, 1941
| Tank Division | Pz.kpfw.i. | Pz.kpfw.II. | Pz.kpfw.III with 37-mm gun | Pz.kpfw.III with 50mm cannon | Pz.kpfw.iv | Commands. Tanks | Fire. Tanks pz.kpfw.II (F) |
| 3 TD ** | - | 58 | - | 29 | 32 | 15 | - |
| 4 TD ** | - | 44 | 31 | 74 | 20 | 8 | - |
| 10 TD *** | - | 45 | - | 105 | 20 | 12 | - |
| 17 TD | 12 | 44 | - | 106 | 30 | 10 | - |
| 18 TD ** | 6 | 50 | - | 99 | 15 | 12 | - |
| 100 fire. Bat. (on 06/18/41) | - | 24 | - | 5 | - | 1 | 42 |
* The 521st and 543-th tank-consuming divisions (27 SAU and 4 Commander Tank on the basis of pz.kpfw.i ausf.b in each) were located in the 24th motorized housing in each SAU and 4 Commander Tank in each), and as part of the 47th motorized hull - 611 -th Tancoatiable Division (27 47-MM SAU and 4 Commander Machines based on French Trophy Tanks R-35).
** In addition to conventional armored vehicles, in the 3rd battalion of 6 TP 3 TD, in 18 TP 18 TD and 35 TP 4 TDs were underwater tanks (Tauchpanzer), capable of overcome significant aquatic obstacles and equipped with special equipment. The first cars created on the basis of tanks pz.kpfw.iii ausf.g or ausf.h, as well as pz.kpfw.iv ausf.e, entered the troops in 1940.
*** In addition to tanks 10 TD, in the 46th motorized building in the motorized shelf "Great Germany" there was a separate battery of Stug III assault guns.
The total number of troops of the Army Group "Center" without the 3rd tank group, which until June 25 operated in the defense band of the North-West Front, was 634,900 people. German compounds and parts had 12,500 implements (no 50mm mortars), 810 tanks and 1677 aircraft.
The line of the border, striking the arc towards Warsaw, created especially favorable conditions for German troops. In front of them were wide tasks. With the blows of strong groups of their both wings, this group of armies had to smash the enemy in Belarus, to exit moving joints south and north of Minsk and as soon as possible to capture Smolensk. After achieving this goal, major mobile connections were to interact with the North Army Group to destroy the enemy forces, leading fighting in the Baltic States and in the area of \u200b\u200bLeningrad.
The Center for the Army Center, using the design of the border, placed on the flanks on one field army, each of which interacted with one of the tank groups.
In the area of \u200b\u200bthe West and the North-west of Brest, the 4th Army General-Field Marshal Background Blevia and the 2nd Tank Group of General Colonel Guderian were deployed. The tank group, with the support of the 4th Army, was to break through the Soviet defense on both sides of Brest and rapid promotion on Slutsk and Minsk in cooperation with the 3rd tank group moving on Minsk from the North-West, to create prerequisites for the environment and destruction of the units of the Red Army located between Bialystok and Minsk. After that, both tank groups had to capture the Smolensk district.
It was planned that the 4th Army after a breakthrough on both sides of Brest will come for the 2nd tank group towards Minsk to, using the onset of both tank groups, in cooperation with the 9th army to destroy Soviet troops in the area between Belostok and Minsk .
A similar task was put in front of the Army Army Group located on the left wing of the Strauss Colonel Army of the 9th Army and the 3rd Colonel-General Gota Tank Panel.
Both of these unions had to break through the front of the enemy in the direction of Grodno and then form the northern half of the "ticks" for the surroundings of the Soviet troops between Bialystok and Minsk. The subsequent task of the 3rd tank group was capturing Vitebsk, the 9th Army - Polotsk at the top flow of Western Dvina.
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Many, probably, have already seen, but let it be here.
Rudolf Folker, Ober-Feldwebli Rota Rota 35th Tank Regiment [ citizes on Hans Schoyfler. Tank Assa Wehrmacht. Memories of officers of the 35th tank regiment. 1939-1945]:
"The situation with tanks, that evening, there was a catastrophic. The number of combat-ready tanks in the 2nd battalion of the 35th Tank Regiment involved in Krichev was 8 PZ III and 5 PZ II. The battalion entered the war on June 22, 1941 with 90 tanks. Now it The battle power did not exceed the full company.
Although the combat group inflicted Russian significant losses, she could not take control of the supply path. Even the division headquarters were attacked by Russians breaking out of the environment.
The Russians appeared at the Division's team point at 17:00, trying to break through through the supply highway from north to south. All spent cash at the headquarters, including a communications battalion, an anti-aircraft division and just an advanced primary group of intelligence battalion, were rallied to reflect the attack.
After a long skirmish, the Russians put forward in the forest off-road two 122-mm artillery guns. Intelligence battalion of communication managed to deal with one of these guns. But the other took the position right by the road and began to beat the division headquarters and empty machines of attracted forces from a distance of just over 100 meters.
In the coming confusion, several hundreds of Russians managed to break south. The tool, who organized a slaughterhouse, eventually neutralized just at that moment a light anti-lawyer and tank.
"The battles in the forest cost big losses. Losses suffered the 1st battalion of the 394th Infantry Regiment, attached from the 3rd Tank Division. During the battle, the Russians were wedged between the 2nd battalion of the 12th Infantry Regiment and the 1st battalion of 394- The infantry regiment, coming to the main path of the court in Alexandrovka.
Then the tanks were ordered to use along the road to correct the situation. During this operation, Russian bottles with an incendiary mixture managed to completely disable 6 tanks on the crossed forest area.
A bottle of an incendiary mixture was a mixture of phosphorus, oil and gasoline, sprung into an empty vodka bottle. When in touch with oxygen, when the bottles were broken, the mixture was flashed and gave a powerful flame.
From the point of view of the situation with tanks, the loss of 6 more tanks was a heavy blow. The position of the tank division was impossible to be called differently as a catastrophic. "
"The battle power of the armored division is based mainly among combat-ready tanks. This list speaks for itself. After four weeks of battles, the regiment is irretrievably lost 42 tanks, most of them PZ III. 40 of the 143 remaining tanks - including five valuable PZ IV - on The moment was unique. And still a shortage of spare parts! In addition, displeased motors and transmissions for replacement.
In order to cope finally with a deficit, the regiment with the permission of the division sent Major von Jungentfeld to Germany to "get" parts in the respective organizations. On ordinary supply channels, it was simply impossible to get something. And by no means due to the lack of transport. It happened only because parts accumulated in warehouses, and by the will of the higher command.
At that time, the tank regiment on combat power was equal half of the tank battalion. The complete write-off of combat vehicles occurred as a result of missed losses. "
Broken German tanks. Nearby is a red Armyman with a rifle
Broken German medium tank pz.iv. In the background, behind the Red Army, it seems, the light Soviet T-50 is a rather rare machine
Broken PZ.III and SD.KFZ.250 BTR
Red Army teams are considering the pledged "Panzer"
PS The topic of 1941.
Geinz Guderian "Memories of a Soldier":
"The severity of the fights gradually provided its influence on our officers and soldiers. General von Geyer again turned to me with a request to speed up the delivery of winter uniforms. Not enough, first of all, boots, underwear and socks. The seriousness of this message was forced to think about it. So I decided immediately To go to the 4th tank division and personally familiarize yourself with the position of affairs. On the battlefield, the division commander showed me the results of battles on October 6 and 7, in which his combat group performed the responsible tasks. The tanks hit on both sides still remained in their places. Russian losses There were significantly less than our losses. "
"On October 11, the Russian troops attempted to escape from the" Trubchevsky boiler ", coming along both banks r. Nasl. The enemy rushed into a breach formed between the 29th and 25th motorbers and only the 5th machine-gun battalion. At the same time in the area of \u200b\u200baction The 24th Tank Corps of Mtsensk Northeast Eagle turned fierce battles local significanceIn which the 4th tank division was drawn, however, because of the dissolve, she could not get sufficient support. In battle was thrown a large number of Russian T-34 tanks that have caused large losses to our tanks. The superiority of the material part of our tank forces has so far, it was from now lost and now passed to the enemy. Thus, the prospects for fast and continuous success disappeared. About this new, for us atmosphere I wrote in my report command of the Army Group, in which I described in detail the advantage of T-34 tank compared to our T-IV tank, indicating the need to change the design of our tanks in the future.
I finished my report to send immediately to our front Commission, which should include representatives from the management of weapons, from the Ministry of Armament, tank constructors and representatives of tank-building firms. Together with this commission, we were in place to inspect the tanks hit on the battlefield and discuss the design of new tanks, I also demanded to accelerate the production of larger anti-tank guns capable of punching the T-34 tank armor. Commission arrived at the 2nd Tank Army on November 20. "
german SAU Stug III
I saw at uv.
