The era of ballistic missiles began in the middle of the last century. At the end of World War II, the third Reich engineers managed to create media who successfully performed the tasks of the defeat of the goals in the UK territory, starting with the Polygons of Continental Europe.

In the future, the leaders in military rocket launchers are the USSR and the United States. When the leading global powers appeared ballistic and rocket welfare, it was fundamentally changed military doctrines.

The best ballistic rockets in the world - Topol-M

Whatever paradoxically, the best rockets in the world that can deliver nuclear charges within a few minutes to anywhere in the globe, became the main factor that did not allow the cold war to grow into a real boa set of superpowers.

Today the ICBM has been staffed by the US Army, Russia, France, Great Britain, China, and more recently and the DPRK.

According to some data, the winged and ballistic missiles will soon appear in India, Pakistan and Israel. Various modifications of the BR average radius of action, including soviet production, There are in service in many countries of the world. The article tells about the best rockets of the world who have ever made on an industrial scale.

Fow-2 (V-2)

The German Fow-2, developed by the Design Bureau, headed by Werner von Brown, became the first ballistic missile rocket. She was tested back in 1942, and from the beginning of September 1944, London and its surroundings were subjected to the attacks of tens of FAu-2.

TTH Product FAU-2:

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	14x1,65
Weight takeoff, t	12,5
Number of steps, pcs	1
Type of fuel	liquid	mixture of liquefied oxygen with ethyl alcohol
Acid speed, m / s	1450
	320
	5000	design value within 0.5-1
Mass of the Boea, T	1,0
Type of charge		fuchic, equivalent Ammotole 800 kg
Combat Blocks	1	intense
View of the basing	ground	stationary or mobile launcher

During one of the launches of the V-2, it was possible to rise 188 km above the Earth and make the world's first subborital flight. In an industrial scale, the product was produced in 1944-1945. During this time, about 3.5 thousand fau-2 were produced.

SCUD B (P-17)

The R-17 rocket developed by SKB-385 and the USSR SCSR adopted in 1962, is still considered a benchmark for assessing the effectiveness of anti-missile systems developed in the West. She happens to be part of Complex 9K72 "Elbrus" or SCUD B on terminology adopted in NATO.

Perfectly showed itself in real combat conditions during the war of the loan day, the Iranian Iraqi conflict, was used in the II Chechen company and against the Mujahideen in Afghanistan.

TTH products P-17:

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	11.16x0,88
Weight takeoff, t	5,86
Number of steps, pcs	1
Type of fuel	liquid
Acid speed, m / s	1500
Flight distance Maximum, km	300	with nuclear warhead 180
Limit deviation from the target, m	450
Mass of the Boea, T	0,985
Type of charge		nuclear 10 CT, Fuchic, Chemical
Combat Blocks	1	not separated
Rocket carrier	mobile	octal tractor MAZ-543-P

Various modifications of the winged missiles of Russia and the USSR - P-17 were produced in Votkinsk and Petropavlovsk from 1961 to 1987. As the project life has elaimed at 22, the SCAD complexes were filmed with Arms of the Russian Federation.

At the same time, almost 200 launchers are still used by the armies of the UAE, Syria, Belarus, the DPRK, Egypt and 6 more countries of the world.

Trident II.

The UGM-133A missile was developed for about 13 years by Lockheed Martin Corporation and was adopted by the US Armed Forces in 1990, and a little later than the United Kingdom. Its advantages include high speed and accuracy, allowing to destroy even PU MBR of mine basing, as well as bunkers that are deep underground. "Trident" equipped with the American underwater cruiser of the Ohio class and British Wengard plars.

TTH MBR Trident II:

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	13.42x2,11
Weight takeoff, t	59,078
Number of steps, pcs	3
Type of fuel	hard
Acid speed, m / s	6000
Flight distance Maximum, km	11300	7800 with the maximum number of combat units
Limit deviation from the target, m	90–500	minimal with GPS guidance
Mass of the Boea, T	2,800
Type of charge		thermonuclear, 475 and 100 kt
Combat Blocks	from 8 to 14	sharing head
View of the basing	underwater

"Trident" owns a record for the number of successful starts in a row. Therefore, a reliable missile is supposed to be used up to 2042. Now the US Navy is located at least 14 Ohio plars, capable of carrying 24 UGM-133A each.

Pershing II ("Pershing-2")

The last ballistic missile of the US average radius of the MGM-31, entered in the Armed Forces in 1983, became a worthy opponent of the Russian RSD-10, whose deployment in Europe began the countries of the Warsaw Treaty. For its time, the American ballistic missile had excellent characteristics, including high accuracy provided by the Radag guidance system.

TTX BR Pershing II:

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	10.6x1.02
Weight takeoff, t	7,49
Number of steps, pcs	2
Type of fuel	hard
Acid speed, m / s	2400
Flight distance Maximum, km	1770
Limit deviation from the target, m	30
Mass of the Boea, T	1,8
Type of charge		fugance, nuclear, from 5 to 80 kt
Combat Blocks	1	intense
View of the basing	ground

In total, 384 MGM-31 missiles that were in service with the US Army took up to July 1989, when the Russian-American Agreement on the Reduction of RMSD came into force. After that, most media were recycled, and nuclear warheads were used to equip air bombs.

"Point-U"

Developed by Kolomensky KB and adopted in 1975 to armared the tactical complex with a start-up setting 9P129 for a long time, for a long time, for a long time, for a long time, the foundation of the firepower of divisions and the brigades of the Armed Forces of Russia.

His advantages are high mobility, allowing to prepare a rocket to launch for 2 minutes, universality in the use of ammunition different types, reliability, unpretentiousness in operation.

TTH TRK "Point-U":

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	6.4x2,32
Weight takeoff, t	2,01
Number of steps, pcs	1
Type of fuel	hard
Acid speed, m / s	1100
Flight distance Maximum, km	120
Limit deviation from the target, m	250
Mass of the Boea, T	0,482
Type of charge		fuchic, fragmentary, cassette, chemical, nuclear
Combat Blocks	1	intense
View of the basing	ground	self-propelled launcher

Russian ballistic missiles "Points" perfectly showed themselves in several local conflicts. In particular, winged rockets Russia and the USSR still Soviet production still use Yemen Husites, who regularly attack Sun Saudi Arabia.

At the same time, rockets are overcome by the SAUDITS air defense systems. "Point-y" still stands in service with the armies of Russia, Yemen, Syria and some former republics of the USSR.

R-30 "Bulava"

The need to create a new ballistic missile of Russia for the Navy, superior to the characteristics of American Trident II, arose with the commissioning of the strategic underwater rocket mines of the Borey class and "shark". It was decided to place the Ballistic Rockets of Russia 3m30, developed since 1998 since the project is under refinement, the most powerful rockets of Russia can be judged only by the information that falls into the press. Without doubt, this is the best ballistic rocket in the world.

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	12.1х2
Weight takeoff, t	36,8
Number of steps, pcs	3
Type of fuel	mixed	the first two steps on solid fuel, the third on the liquid
Acid speed, m / s	6000
Flight distance Maximum, km	9300
Limit deviation from the target, m	200
Mass of the Boea, T	1,15
Type of charge		thermonuclear
Combat Blocks	from 6 to 10	divided
View of the basing	underwater

Currently, Russia's long-range missiles are conditionally adopted, since some TTX do not fully arrange the customer. Nevertheless, about 50 units 3m30 have already been released. Unfortunately, but the best rocket in the world is waiting for its o'clock.

"Topol M"

Tests of the missile complex, which became the second in the family "Popoles", ended in 1994, and three years later, he was put into armared RVSN. However, he failed to become one of the main components of the Russian nuclear triad. In 2017, the RF RF stopped purchases of the product, making a choice in favor of the RS-24 "Yar".

Modern rocket carrier of Russia "Topol-M" at the parade in Moscow

TTH RK. strategic appointment "Topol M":

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	22,55х17,5
Weight takeoff, t	47,2
Number of steps, pcs	3
Type of fuel	hard
Acid speed, m / s	7320
Flight distance Maximum, km	12000
Limit deviation from the target, m	150–200
Mass of the Boea, T	1,2
Type of charge		thermonuclear, 1 mt
Combat Blocks	1	intense
View of the basing	ground	in mines or on a base of 16x16

Top - rocket of Russian production. It is highlighted in high ability to withstand Western air defense systems, excellent maneuverability, low sensitivity to electromagnetic pulses, radiation, exposure to laser installations. On the this moment On combat duty there are 18 mobile and 60 mine complexes "Topol-M".

MinuteMan III (LGM-30G)

For many years, the Boeing Company is the only Mine Basing MBR in the US. However, today, American MINUTEMAN III Ballistic Rockets, who spent on combat duty back in 1970, remain formidable weapons. Thanks to the modernization of LGM-30G, more maneuverable MK21 warheads and an improved march engine.

TTX MBR MINUTEMAN III:

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	18.3x1.67
Weight takeoff, t	34,5
Number of steps, pcs	3
Type of fuel	hard
Acid speed, m / s	6700
Flight distance Maximum, km	13000
Limit deviation from the target, m	210
Mass of the Boea, T	1,15
Type of charge		thermonuclear, from 0.3 to 0.6 MT
Combat Blocks	3	divided
View of the basing	ground	in mines

Today, the list of American ballistic missiles is limited to miniments-3. The US Sun is located up to 450 units deployed in mine complexes in the states of North Dakota, Wyoming and Montana. Replacement of reliable, but morally obsolete missiles it is planned to hold no earlier than the next decade.

"Iskander"

Operational-tactical complexes "Iskander", which came to replace "Poplar", "Points" and "Elbrus" ( famous names Rockets of Russia) are the best missiles of the world of the new generation. Ultra-supersay winged rockets of tactical complexes are almost invulnerable before the means of air defense of any potential enemy.

At the same time, the PCC is extremely mobile, unfolds in a matter of minutes. Its firing power Even when shooting ordinary charges is comparable in efficiency with attack by nuclear ammunition.

TTX CZDC "Iskander":

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	7.2x0.92
Weight takeoff, t	3,8
Number of steps, pcs	1
Type of fuel	hard
Acid speed, m / s	2100
Flight distance Maximum, km	500
Limit deviation from the target, m	from 5 to 15
Mass of the Boea, T	0,48
Type of charge		cassette and ordinary ammunition ammunition, fugasal, penetrating type, nuclear charges
Combat Blocks	1	intense
View of the basing	ground	self-propelled launcher 8x8

Thanks to its technical excellence, the PCC, which was armed in 2006, at least a decade will not have analogues. Currently, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has at least 120 mobile launchers "Iskander".

"Tomahawk"

Tomahawk winged missiles developed by General Dynamics in the 80s of the last century, almost two decades were among the best in the world, due to their versatility, the ability to move rapidly on ultra-low altitudes, significant combat power and impressive accuracy.

They were used by the US Army, starting from the moment of adoption in 1983, in many military conflicts. But the most modern rockets of the world summed up during the application of the scandalous strike in Syria in 2017.

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	6.25x053.
Weight takeoff, t	1500
Number of steps, pcs	1
Type of fuel	solid
Acid speed, m / s	333
Flight distance Maximum, km	from 900 to 2500	depending on the way
Limit deviation from the target, m	from 5 to 80
Mass of the Boea, T	120
Type of charge		cassette, armor-piercing, nuclear
Combat Blocks	1	not separated
View of the basing	universal	ground mobile, surface, underwater, aviation

The American submarines of the Ohio and Virginia class, destroyers, rocket cruisers, as well as the British submarine "Trafalgar", Astuti, Suifstar, are equipped with various modifications of Tomaagavkov.

American ballistic missiles, the list of which is not limited to the "tomahaw" and "minitman", morally outdated. BGM-109 is still produced. The release of only aviation series was stopped.

R-36m "Satan"

Modern Russian MSB-18 mine basic missiles in various modifications was also the basis of Russia's nuclear triad. These best rocket in the world have no analogues: neither by flight range, nor technological equipment, nor at maximum charge power.

They can not effectively resist modern systems Air defense. Satan has become the embodiment of the most modern ballistic technologies. It destroys any kind of purposes and entire positions, ensures the inevitability of the response nuclear strike, in the event of an attack on the Russian Federation.

TTH ICBM SS-18:

Name	Value	Note

Length and diameter, m	34.3x3
Weight takeoff, t	208,3
Number of steps, pcs	2
Type of fuel	liquid
Acid speed, m / s	7900
Maximum range of missiles, km	16300
Limit deviation from the target, m	500
Mass of the Boea, T	from 5.7 to 7.8
Type of charge		thermonuclear
Combat Blocks	from 1 to 10	shared, from 500 kt to 25 mt
View of the basing	ground	mine

Various modifications of the SS-18 are in service russian army From 1975, only 600 missiles of this type were produced during this time. Currently, they are all installed on modern rockets of Russia to carry combat duty. Currently, the R-36M replacement is performed on a modified version, more modern russian rocket R-36M2 "Voevoda".

60 years ago, August 21, 1957, the first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) P-7 was successfully launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome. This brainchild of OKB-1 Sergey Korolev was based on a whole family of Soviet carrier missiles who received the nickname "Semyon". The appearance of the P-7 allowed the USSR to develop the weapons of consolidation of the United States and launch the first artificial satellite of the Earth. RT talks about the history of the creation and value of the first ICBM.

The need to create an intercontinental ballistic missile was caused by the lag of the USSR in a nuclear race. After winning the Second World War, the main threat to the security of the Soviet Union was the American Rocket and Nuclear Program.

In the first half of the 1940s, the United States got not only atomic bomb, but also strategic bomber capable of delivering it. The states in the states were B-29 SuperFortress (which threw bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki), and in 1952 there was a B-52 Stratofortress that could fly to any point of the USSR.

In the mid-1950s Soviet Union Created an effective nuclear fuel engineering carrier at that time. In parallel with the work on the design of the first strategic bomber (Tu-16), the efforts of the designers were focused on the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile. OKB-1 under the leadership of Sergey Korolev and other institutions of the USSR managed to achieve significant success on this path. Very rapidly, the Soviet design thought moved away from copying the German ballistic missile "FAu-2" and began to create unique samples.

Tested 60 years ago, P-7 became a peculiar result of more than 10 years of stressful labor of scientists and the subject of pride of Soviet citizens. "Semyon" became a technological foundation for the emergence of carrier missiles "East", "Sunrise", "Lightning" and "Union".

Incredible task

The construction of the R-7 missile began in OKB-1 in 1953, although the decision of the CPSU Central Committee and the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the start of work was published on May 20, 1954.

The Korolev was commissioned to create an ICBM, able to carry a thermonuclear charge at a distance of up to 10 thousand km.

On April 12, 1961, Korolev, together with his team, carried out a successful launch of the East-1 spacecraft with an astronaut Yuri Gagarin on board.

On April 12, 1961, Korolev, together with his team, carried out a successful launch of the East-1 spacecraft with a cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on board

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For testing P-7, it was necessary to create a new infrastructure. In 1955, in Kazakhstani steppes under the leadership of General Georgy Schubnikova, the construction of the research test landfill No. 5 began construction, which later will turn into a Baikonur cosmodrome.

In the middle of 1956, three layouts of the P-7 were made in the experienced factory No. 88 in the near Moscow region, and in December 1956, the first light product 8k71 was manufactured.

On May 15, 1957, the first test of P-7 occurred. After 98 seconds, the rocket flight began to lose height rapidly and, overcoming about 300 km, fell. After a series of unsuccessful tests, designers managed to correct the flaws.

Rocket R-7, 1957 / Official website RKK "Energy" them. S. P. Korolev

August 21 at 15:25 Sample R-7 rose in the sky, the rocket flew 6,314 km. This meant that the Soviet Union created the first ICBM in the world.

According to the generally accepted classification, the ballistic missile is considered intercontinental if its range exceeds 5.5 thousand km.

The sample P-7 flies to the Kura test landfill on Kamchatka, but at an altitude of 10 km, its head part collapsed from thermodynamic loads. By the end of 1958, over 95 changes were made to the R-7 design, which allowed to eliminate all technical problems.

In arms

Serial production P-7 started in 1958 at the Aviation Plant No. 1 of Stalin. The process of adopting the rocket was delayed due to the starting construction of the starting station near Plesetsk (Arkhangelsk region), on the site of which is now located a cosmodrome.

The P-7 length was 31.4 m. The mass of the rocket exceeded 280 tons, and 250 tons accounted for fuel, 5.4 tons - to the head part. The stated range of ICBM - 8 thousand km.

The signals from the flying rocket were taken by the ground station. The main point of radio control "seven" consisted of two large pavilions and 17 trucks. Data on the side movement, the MBR removal speed is automatically processed by a computer that sent the command to the command.

The rocket was delivered to the landfill over the railway paths in the form of disassembled blocks. The time of preparation for the launch of such a massive design could exceed 24 hours. Advanced R-7 variants allowed to reduce the time of preparation for launch, improve accuracy and raise the range of up to 12 thousand km.

The main advantage of the P-7 was in its versatility. The first ICBM world was based on the design of a set of launch vehicles. Almost all domestic rockets, which are used to run into space, belong to the family of the R-7 - Korolev "seven".

It is difficult to overestimate historical meaning The first intercontinental ballistic missile. P-7 produced this scientific and technical revolution, the fruits of which modern Russia enjoys.

On October 4, 1957, the facilitated version of the ICBM brought into orbit the first artificial satellite of the Earth.

On November 3, 1957, P-7 brought the first living being in orbit - a dog husky. And on April 12, 1961, the carrier rocket "Vostok" launched the ship "East-1" into space, on board whose was Yuri Gagarin.

Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) are the main means of nuclear deterrence. Such type of weapons have countries: Russia, USA, United Kingdom, France, China. Israel does not deny the presence of such types of missiles, but does not officially confirm, but has opportunities and well-known developments to create such a rocket.

Below, a list of intercontinental ballistic missiles ranked at the maximum flight range.

1. P-36M (SS-18 Satan), Russia (USSR) - 16,000 km

P-36M (SS-18 Satan) is an intercontinental rocket with the world's largest flight range -16,000 km. Accuracy of accessing 1300 meters.
Starting weight 183 tons. The maximum range is achieved with a mass of the battle head to 4 tons, with a mass of 10025 kg warheads, the range of the rocket is 10,200 kilometers. The rocket can be equipped with divided and monoblock warheads. To protect against missile defense (Pro), when adjusting the rocket damage zone throws false goals for pro. The rocket was developed in the Design Bureau "Southern" them. M. K. Yangel, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. The main basic rocket is mine.
The first R-36m entered the RVSN of the USSR in 1978.
Two-stage rocket, with liquid rocket engines, providing a speed of about 7.9 km / s. Removed from weapons in 1982, replaced with the next-generation missile based on the P-36M, but with increased accuracy and opportunities to overcome the systems of pro. Currently, the rocket is used for peaceful purposes, to eliminate satellites into orbit. Created civil rocket was named Dnipro.

2. Dongfeng 5a (DF-5A), China - 13,000 km.

Dongfeng 5A (NATO classification name: CSS-4) has the greatest flight range, among the IBD of the Chinese Army. Its flight range is 13,000 km.
The rocket was developed to defeat goals within the continental part of the United States (Conus). The DF-5A rocket entered the duty in 1983.
The rocket can carry six warheads weighing 600 kg each.
The inertial guidance and on-board computers provide the desired rocket flight direction. Rocket engines two-stage with liquid fuel.

3. R-29RMU2 SINYE (RSM-54, according to NATO classification SS-N-23 SKIFF), Russia - 11,547 kilometers

P-29RMU2 Colene, also known as RCM-54 (NATO code name: SS-N-23 SKIFF), is an intercontinental ballistic rocket of the third generation. Basic basic rockets - submarines. Syneva showed the maximum range of 11,547 kilometers during testing.
The rocket was adopted in 2007 and is expected to be used until 2030. The rocket is able to carry from four to ten warheads of individual guidance. To control the flight used russian system GLONASS. The defeat of the goals is carried out with high accuracy.
Two-step rocket, liquid jet engines are installed.

4. UGM-133A Tradent II (D5), USA - 11,300 kilometers

UGM-133A Trident II is an intercontinental ballistic rocket, created for hydrocarboards.
Currently, submarines with rockets are based on Ohio submarines (USA) and Wangard (United Kingdom). In the US, this rocket will be in service until 2042.
The first UGM-133A start is carried out from a cosmodrome at Cape Canaveral in January 1987. The rocket was adopted by the US Navy in 1990. UGM-133A can be equipped with eight warheads of various purposes.
The rocket is equipped with three solid fuel rocket engines, providing flight range up to 11,300 kilometers. It has high reliability, so during tests 156 launches were held and only 4 of them were unsuccessful, and the 134 triggers were successful.

5. Dongfeng 31 (DF-31A), China - 11 200 km

Dongfeng 31A or DF-31A (NATO classification name: CSS-9 MOD-2) - Chinese intercontinental ballistic rocket with a range of 11,200 kilometers.
The modification was developed on the basis of the DF-31 missile.
The DF-31A rocket has been commissioned since 2006. Based on Julang-2 submarines (JL-2). The same modifications of missiles with ground basing on a mobile starting setting (TEL) are being developed.
The three-stage rocket, has a starting weight of 42 tons, equipped with solid fuel rocket engines.

6. RT-2PM2 "Topol-M", Russia - 11,000 km

RT-2PM2 "Topol-M", according to NATO classification - SS-27 Sickle B with a range of about 11,000 kilometers, this is an advanced version of the ICBR Poplar. The rocket is installed on mobile starting settings, as well as a mine basing option can be used.
Full mass of rocket 47, 2 tons. It was developed at the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering. Produced on the Votkin Machine-Building Plant. This is the first ICBM of Russia, which was developed after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
The rocket in flight is able to withstand powerful radiation, electromagnetic pulse and nuclear explosion in close proximity. There is also protection against high-energy lasers. When flying, it carries maneuvers thanks to additional engines.
Three-step rocket engines use solid fuel, maximum rocket speed of 7,320 meters / s. The rocket tests began in 1994, was adopted by RVSN in 2000.

7. LGM-30G MINUTEMAN III, USA - 10 000 km

LGM-30G Minuteman III has a calculated flight range from 6,000 kilometers to 10,000 kilometers depending on the type of warhead. This rocket was adopted in 1970 and is the oldest rocket in the world in service. It is also the only rocket of mine basing in the United States.
The first launch of the rocket took place in February 1961, modifications II and III were launched in 1964 and 1968, respectively.
The rocket weighs about 34,473 kilograms, equipped with three solid fuel engines. Rocket flight speed 24 140 km / h

8. M51, France - 10,000 km

M51 is an intercontinental range rocket. Designed for basing and launches from submarines.
Eads Astrium Space Transportation is made for the French naval fleet. Designed to replace M45 MBR.
The rocket was commissioned in 2010.
Based on submarines like Triomphant Navy France.
Its combat range ranges from 8,000 km to 10,000 km. Improved version with new nuclear warheads is planned to be commissioned in 2015.
M51 weighs 50 tons and can carry six ways of individual guidance.
The rocket uses a solid fuel engine.

9. UR-100N (SS-19 Stiletto), Russia - 10,000 km

UR-100N, under the START-RS-18A agreement, according to NATO classification - SS-19 Mod.1 Stiletto. This is the ICBM of the Fourth Generation, which is in service with Russian RVSN.
UR-100N was adopted in 1975 and is expected to be in service until 2030.
May carry up to six initial guidance warheads. It uses an inertial guidance system to goal.
Two-stage rocket, basing type - mine. Rocket engines use liquid rocket fuel.

10. RSM-56 Bulava, Russia - 10,000 km

Bulaw or RSM-56 (code name according to NATO classification: SS-NX-32) New intercontinental rocket, designed to base on submarines of the Navy of Russia. The rocket has a flight range to 10,000 km, intended for atomic submarines of Borea class.
Rocket Bulaw is adopted in January 2013. Each rocket can carry from six to ten separate nuclear warheads. Common useful delivered weight is about 1,150 kg.
The rocket uses solid fuel for the first two steps and liquid fuel For the third stage.

Information Agency "Weapons of Russia" continues to publish armament ratings and military equipment. This time, experts estimated intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBDs) of the terrestrial basing of Russia and foreign countries.">

4:57 / 10.02.12

Intercontinental ballistic missiles of ground-based basing of Russia and foreign countries (rating)

Information agency "Weapons of Russia" continues to publish armament ratings and military equipment. This time, experts estimated intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) of ground-based basing of Russia and foreign countries.

Comparative assessment was carried out according to the following parameters:

fire power (Number of combat blocks (BB), BB total power, maximum shooting range, accuracy - QuI)
constructive perfection (starting mass of rocket, dimensional characteristics, conditional density of the rocket - the ratio of starting mass rocket to the volume of the transport and starting container (TPK))
operation (the method of basing is a rocker-soil missile complex (PGRK) or placement in a mine starting unit (SPU), the time of the interregalance period, the ability to extend the warranty period)

The amount of points in all respects gave the overall assessment of the compared ICBM. At the same time, it was taken into account that each ICBM, taken from the statistical sample, comparing with other ICBMs, was assessed, based on the technical requirements of its time.

The variety of MBR of ground-based basic content is so large that only the ICBMs are included in the sample, which are currently involved and having a range of more than 5,500 km. - And only China, Russia and the United States (United Kingdom and France refused the MBR of ground-based basic By placing them only on submarines).

Intercontinental ballistic rockets

RS-20A. SS-18. SATAN	Russia
RS-20B. S S-18 SATAN	Russia
	China
	China

By the number of scored points, the first four places occupied:

1. MBR of Russia R-36M2 "Voivode" (15A18m, code STB - RS-20B, according to NATO classification - SS-18 SATAN (Rus. Satan))

Adopted in service, G. - 1988
Fuel - liquid
The number of accelerated steps - 2
Length, M - 34.3
Maximum diameter, M - 3.0
Starting mass, T - 211.4
Start - mortar (for Shpu)
Raised mass, kg - 8 800
Flight range, km -11 000 - 16 000
Number of BB, Power, CT -10x550-800
CVO, M - 400 - 500

The amount of points in all respects - 28.5

The most powerful MBR of ground-based basic is a rocket 15a18m complex R-36M2 "Voivode" (designation of the RVSH RS-20B, the designation of NATO SS-18Mod4 "SATAN". The R-36M2 complex has no equal to the technological level and combat capabilities.

15A18m is able to carry platforms with several dozen (from 20 to 36) nuclear RGC individual guidance, as well as maneuvering headsets. It is equipped with a KSP about, allowing to break through the echelonized pro with the use of weapons based on new physical principles. R-36M2 carry duty in super-defective mine starting installationshaving resistance to the effects of shock wave at about 50 MPa (500 kg / sq. cm).

The structure of the P-36M2 is laid the ability to start directly during the period of the massive nuclear effects of the enemy in the positional area and blocking the positional area by high-altitude nuclear explosions. The rocket has the highest MBR resistance to affecting factors I'M IN.

The rocket is covered with a dark heat shielding coating facilitating the passage of the cloud nuclear explosion. It is equipped with a system of sensor sensors measuring neutron and gamma radiation, registering the hazardous level and during the time of passing the rocket of the nuclear explosion cloud of the switching control system, which remains stable until the rocket output from the danger zone, after which the control system is turned on and adjusts the trajectory.

The blow of 8-10 missiles 15A18M (in full configuration) was ensured by the destruction of 80% of the US industrial potential and most of the population.

2. US MBR LGM-118A "PeaceKeeper" - MX

Main tactico specifications (TTX):

Adopted in service, G. - 1986
Fuel - hard
The number of accelerated steps - 3
Length, M - 21.61
Maximum diameter, m - 2.34
Starting mass, T - 88.443
Start - mortar (for Shpu)
Raised mass, kg - 3 800
Flight range, km - 9 600
Number of BB, Power, CT - 10x300
CVO, M - 90 - 120

The amount of points in all respects - 19.5

The most powerful and perfect American ICBM - three-stage solid fuel missile MX - was equipped with ten with a capacity of 300 CT. She had increased resistance to the impact of the PFA and had the ability to overcome the existing pro limited by an international treaty.

MX had the greatest opportunities among the ICBM on accuracy and ability to hit a strong procurement goal. At the same time, MH themselves were based only in improved ICBM "Minitmen", led by Russian Shpu on security. According to American specialists, MX 6 - 8 times exceeded the combat capabilities of Minitman-3.

In total, 50 MX missiles were unfolded, which carried the battle duty in a state of 30-second readiness for launch. Removed with weapons in 2005, rockets and all the equipment of the position area are located on conservation. Options for using MX are considered to apply high-precision non-nuclear strikes.

3. MBR of Russia PC-24 Yar - Russian solid fuel intercontinental ballistic missile of mobile bases with a divided head part

Main tactical specifications (TTX):

Adopted in service, G. - 2009
Fuel - hard
The number of accelerated steps - 3
Length, M - 22.0
Maximum diameter, m - 1.58
Starting mass, T - 47.1
Start - mortar
Raised mass, kg - 1,2
Flight range, km - 11,000
Number of BB, Power, CT - 4x300
CVO, M - 150

The amount of points in all parameters-17.7

Constructive RC-24 is similar to "Topol-M", and has three steps. Differs from RS-12M2 "Topol-M":

new block breeding blocks with warheads
returning some part of the rocket management system
increased payload

The rocket enters the factory transport and launch container (TPK) in which he holds all its service. The casing of the rocket product is covered with special stores to reduce the effects of the nuclear explosion. Probably additionally caused the composition according to Stelc technology.

The guidance and control system (sleep) is an autonomous control system of inertial execution with an on-board digital computing machine (BCM), an astrocorrection is likely. Supporting developer of the management system of the Moscow NPC instrument making and automation.

The use of the active part of the trajectory has been reduced. To improve the speed characteristics at the end of the course of the third stage, it is possible to use a reversal with the direction of zero increment of the distance to the full reserve of the fuel supply of the last stage.

The instrument equipment compartment is completely sealed. The rocket is able to overcome the cloud of the nuclear explosion at the start and make a software maneuver. For testing, the rocket is most likely equipped with a telemetry system - the T-737 "Triad" transcender.

To counteract the means of pro, the rocket is equipped with a combination complex. From November 2005 to December 2010, tests of compensation complexes were performed using Topol and K65M-R missiles.

4. MBR of Russia UR-100N UTTC (Grau index - 15A35, code START - RS-18B, according to NATO classification - SS-19 Stiletto (English "Stiletto"))

Main tactical specifications (TTX):

Adopted in service, G. - 1979
Fuel - liquid
The number of accelerated steps - 2
Length, M - 24.3
Maximum diameter, m - 2.5
Starting mass, T - 105.6
Start - gas-dynamic
Raised mass, kg - 4 350
Flight range, km - 10 000
Number of BB, Power, CT - 6x550
CVO, M - 380

The amount of points in all parameters-16.6

MBR 15A35 - two-stage intercontinental ballistic rocket, made according to the "tandem" scheme with a consistent separation of steps. The rocket is characterized by a very dense layout and practically lack of "dry" compartments. According to official data, for July 2009, the RVSN of the Russian Federation had 70 deployed ICBM 15A35.

The last division was previously in the process of liquidation, but by the decision of the President of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev in November 2008. The liquidation process is discontinued. The division will continue to carry duty with ICBM 15A35 to re-equipment for "new rocket complexes" (apparently - or "Topol-M" or RS-24).

Apparently, in the near future, the number of missiles 15A35, standing in combat duty, will be reduced and continued until stabilization at the level of the order of 20-30 units, taking into account the purchased missiles. The Rocket Complex of the UR-100N UTTC is extremely reliable - 165 test and training launches were held, of which three were unsuccessful.

The American Magazine "Association of Rackets of the Air Force" called the UTTK UTC rocket "one of the most prominent technical developments" Cold War". The first complex, even with the UR-100N missiles, was put on combat duty in 1975 with a warranty period of 10 years. When it was created, all the best design solutions were implemented on previous generations" acres. "

The achieved of the improved complex with the IBR-100N UTTC complex, the high performance of the rocket and the complex, as a whole, allowed the military-political leadership of the country to put in front of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, General, headquarters, the command of the RVSH and the head developer in the face of the NGO of mechanical engineering, the task of gradual extension of the operation of the complex with 10 to 15, then up to 20, 25 and, finally, up to 30 years and more.

Intercontinental ballistic rocket is a very impressive creation of man. Huge sizes, thermonuclear power, a flame pillar, the roar of the engines and the formidable rock rocus. However, all this exists only on Earth and in the first minutes of launch. By their expiration, the rocket ceases to exist. Further in the flight and on the execution of a combat problem, only what remains of the rocket after overclocking is its beneficial load.

With a large start of start-up, the useful load of the intercontinental ballistic missile goes to the space height of many hundreds of kilometers. Rises in a layer of low-bit satellites, 1000-1200 km above the ground, and is briefly located among them, only slightly behind their overall run. And then on the elliptical trajectory begins to roll down ...

The ballistic rocket consists of two main parts - an overclocking part and the other for which there is an overclocking. The accelerating part is a pair or a three of large multi-tone steps, under the string of fuel stuffed and from the bottom. They give the necessary speed and direction to the movement of another main part of the rocket - the head. Accepted steps, replacing each other in the launch relay, accelerate this head in the direction of its future fall.

The head of the rocket is a complex cargo from many elements. It contains a warhead (one or more), the platform on which these warheads are placed together with all the rest of the economy (like the means of deception of radar and anti-missile age), and the fairing. Even in the head, there are fuel and compressed gases. The whole head of the goal will not fly. She, as previously, the ballistic missile itself, is divided into many elements and simply stop exist as one. The fairing of it will be separated from the launch area, when working the second stage, and somewhere there on the road and fall. The platform falls apart at the entrance to the air of the fall area. Through the atmosphere, the elements of only one type will reach the target. Warheads.

Near the warhead looks like an elongated cone with a length of a meter or one and a half, at the base with a body thickness. The nose of the cone is pointed or a bit blotted. This cone is a special aircraftwhose task is to deliver weapons to the goal. We will return to the warheads later and get acquainted with them closer.

Head of "Peacemaker", in the pictures - the dilution steps of the American Heavy ICBM LGM0118A PeaceKeeper, also known as MX. The rocket was equipped with ten dividing warheads of 300 CT. The rocket is removed from weapons in 2005.

Pull or push?

In the rocket, all the warheads are located on the so-called dilution stage, or in the "bus". Why a bus? Because, released first from the fairing, and then from the last acceleration step, the dilution level is delivering warheads, as passengers at a given stops, according to their trajectories, for which the deadly cones will disperse their goals.

Another "bus" is called the battle step, because its work determines the accuracy of the guidance of warheads to the point of purpose, and therefore combat efficiency. Stage of breeding and her work is one of the biggest secrets in the rocket. But we are still slightly, schematically, take a look at this mysterious step and on her difficult dance in space.

The dilution level has different forms. Most often, it looks like a round funeral or a wide loaf of bread, on which the warheads are installed on top, each on its spring pusher. The warheads are pre-located at the exact corners of the department (on a rocket database, manually, with the help of theodolites) and look at different directions like a bundle of carrots, like a needle at the hedgehog. Tarmed by warheads platform occupies a given, gyrostabilized position in the space. And at the right moments, the warheads are ejected from it. Pushed immediately after completion of the overclocking and separation from the last acceleration stage. So far, you never know what?) Did not shoot down all this undiluted hive with missing weapons or did not fail to board the dilution stage.

But it was so before, at the dawn of separating heads. Now breeding is a completely different picture. If earlier the warheads "sticking out" forward, now the step is in front of the move, and the warheads hang from the bottom, the tops back, inverted as the bats. The "bus" itself in some rockets also lies in an inverted state, in a special excavation in the upper stage of the rocket. Now, after separation, the dilution level does not push, but dragged warheads. And dragging, resting the crosswise placed four "paws", deployed ahead. At the ends of these metal paws are directed back of the traction nozzles of the dilution levels. After separation from the acceleration stage of the "Bus" very accurately, precisely exposes its movement in starting space with the help of its own powerful guidance system. Itself occupies an accurate path of the next warhead - its individual trail.

Then the special rackless locks that kept the next discharged warhead are opened. And not even separated, but just now, no longer connected with the step of the warhead remains motionlessly hanging here, in complete weightlessness. Started and drove the moment of its own flight. Like one separate berry next to the bunch of grapes with other grapes-warheads, not yet torn off the stage of breeding process.

The fiery ten, K-551 "Vladimir Monomakh" - the Russian nuclear submarine of strategic appointment (project 955 "Borea"), armed with 16 solid fuel MBR "Bulava" with ten dividing combat blocs.

Delicate movements

Now the task of the stage - crawl from the warheads as delicately as possible without disturbing its exactly exhibited (aimed) movement by gas jets of its nozzles. If the supersonic jet of the nozzle falls along the separated warhead, it will inevitably make its additive in the parameters of its movement. Over the next flight time (and this is half an hour - fifty minutes, depending on the starting distance) of the warhead, it snaps from this exhaust "slap" a jet into a half-meter-kilometer of a fence from the target, and even further. It snappings without obstacles: there is a space, slapped - swam, without holding anything. But is it a kilometer of the sideways - is this accuracy today?

To avoid such effects, the four top "paws" sides are needed on the parties. The step as it should be tightened to them forward so that the jets of the exhausts walked around and could not hook a warhead separated by the belly. All traction is divided between four nozzles, which reduces the power of each individual jet. There are other features. For example, if on the borclothing stage of dilution (with the void in the middle - this hole, it is won by the accelerated stage of the rocket, like a wedding ring on the finger) of the "Tradent-II D5" rocket system determines that the separated warhead still falls under the exhaust of one of the nozzles, That control system is disabled. Makes "silence" above the warhead.

The step is gentle, as a mother from the cradle of an asleep cat, fearing to break his rest, fits in space on the three remaining nozzles in the mode of small traction, and the warhead remains on the sighting trajectory. Then the "bagel" of the stage with the crossed traction nozzles turns around the axis so that the warhead come out from under the zone of the torch of the nozzle turned off. Now the step is departed from the left warheads on all four nozzles, but so far also on the small gas. When a sufficient distance is achieved, the main traction is included, and the step is vigorously moved to the area of \u200b\u200bthe aiming trajectory of the next warhead. There it is spreading the parameters of its movement very accurately, after which it separates the next warhead. And so - until it falls out every warhead on her trajectory. This process is fast, much faster than you read about it. For a half or two minutes, the combat step breeds a dozen warheads.

The abyss of mathematics

The above is quite enough for understanding how the own path of the warhead begins. But if you open the door slightly wider and throw a glance slightly deeper, it can be noted that today there is a turn in the space of dilution steps, carrying warheads, is the area of \u200b\u200bapplying quaternion calculus, where the onboard orientation system processes the measured parameters of its movement with continuous construction on board the orientation quaternion. Quaternion is such a complex number (above the field complex numbers Lies the flat body of quaternions, as mathematics would be told on their exact definition language). But not with the usual two parts, valid and imaginary, and with one valid and three imaginary. Total quaternion has four parts, about what, in fact, and says the Latin root Quatro.

The dilution stage does its work quite low, immediately after turning off accelerated steps. That is, at an altitude of 100-150 km. And there still affect the influence of gravitational anomalies of the surface of the earth, heterogeneity in a flat field of importation surrounding the Earth. Where are they from? From the irregularities of the relief, mountain systems, occurring rocks of different density, oceanic depressions. Gravitational anomalies either attract a stage with an additional attraction, or, on the contrary, slightly release it from the ground.

In such heterogeneities, complex ripples of the local gravitational field, the dilution level should arrange warheads with precision accuracy. To do this, I had to create a more detailed map of the gravitational field of the Earth. "Specify" features of the real field better in systems of differential equations describing the exact ballistic movement. These are large, capacious (for the inclusion of details) of the system of several thousand differential equations, with several tens of thousands of constant numbers. And the gravitational field itself at low altitudes, in the immediate near-earth region, is considered as a joint attraction of several hundred point masses of different "weights" located near the center of the Earth in a certain order. This achieves more accurate modeling of the real field of land on the track of the rocket flight. And more accurate work with the flight control system. And ... but full! - Let's not look next and close the door; We are quite enough and said.

Intercontinental ballistic missile R-36M Voivode Voivode,

Flying without warhead

The dilution rate displaced the rocket towards the same geographical area where the warheads should fall, continues to fly along with them. After all, it can not fall behind, and why? After breeding warheads, the step is urgently engaged in other affairs. She departs away from the warhead, knowing it in advance, which will fly a bit differently as warheads, and not wanting to disturb them. All their further actions, the stage of breeding also devotes warheads. This maternal desire to protect the flight of his "kids" continues all its remaining short life.

Short, but saturated.

Useful load of the intercontinental ballistic missile Most of the flight spends in a space object mode, rising to height, three times more height ISS. A huge length trajectory should be calculated with particular accuracy.

After separated warheads, there comes a turn of other wards. On the part side, the most funny things begin to fly away. Like a magician, it produces in space a lot of inflossal balloons, some metal things resembling opened scissors, and objects of all sorts of other forms. Durable balloons brightly sparkle in the cosmic sun with mercury glitter of the metallized surface. They are quite large, some in shape resemble warheads flying nearby. Their surface covered with aluminum spraying reflects the radar radio signal from almost the same way as the housing of the warheads. Ground enemy radars will perceive these inflatable warheads on a par with real. Of course, in the first moments of entering the atmosphere, these balls will stop and immediately burst. But before that, they will distract themselves and load the computing power of terrestrial radars - and long-distance discovery, and the guidance of anti-missile complexes. In the language of interceptors of ballistic missiles, it is called "complicating the current ballistic situation." And all the heavenly military, inexorably moving towards the fall area, including combat Blocks Real and false, inflatable balls, dipole and corner reflectors, the whole one is called "multiple ballistic goals in a complicated ballistic setting."

Metal scissors are revealed and become electric dipole reflectors - their set, and they reflect the radio signal feeling their ray of the radar of long-range anti-missile detection. Instead of ten, sophisticated fatty ducks, the radar sees a huge blurring flock of small sparrows, in which it is difficult to disassemble something. Devices of all kinds and sizes reflect different wavelengths.

In addition to all this tinsel, the stage theoretically, herself can emit radio signals that interfere with the opponent's anti-cancers. Or distract them to yourself. In the end, you never know how she can be busy - after all, flies a whole step, big and difficult, why not load it with a good solo program?

In the photo - Start of the Intercontinental Rocket of Trident II (USA) with a submarine. At the moment, Trident ("Trident") is the only MBR family, whose rockets are installed on American submarines. Maximum thrown weight - 2800 kg.

Last cut

However, from the point of view of aerodynamics, the stage is not a warhead. If the one is a small and heavy narrow carrot, then the step is an empty extensive bucket, with tipped fuel tanks, a large non-pushed body and a lack of orientation in the beginning to run a stream. With its wide body with a decent sail, the stage is much earlier responding to the first blows of the oncoming flow. The warheads are also unfolded along the flow, with the smallest aerodynamic resistance punching the atmosphere. The step is poured into the air with its extensive sides and bottoms as it is necessary. It cannot struggle with the braking stream stream. Its ballistic coefficient is a "alloy" of massiveness and compactness - much worse than the warhead. Immediately and very starts to slow down and lag behind the warhead. But the stream strength is increasing inexorably, at the same time the temperature warms the thin unprotected metal, depriving its strength. Fuel residues are cheerfully boiled in racing tanks. Finally, there is a loss of stability of the construction of the housing under its frying aerodynamic load. Overload helps to smash the bulkheads inside. Crack! Bare! The body of the body immediately covers hypersonic shock waves, breaking down the step into parts and scattering them. Flying a little in the sealing air, slices are cleaned again into smaller fragments. Fuel residues react instantly. Split fragments of structural elements from magnesium alloys are lit with hot air and instantly burned with a dazzling flash, like a flash of the camera - no wonder in the first photographs, magnesium was set on fire!

The Underwater Sword of America, the American submarines of the Ohio class is the only type of rocket mines in service with the United States. Bars on board 24 ballistic missiles with RGCH Trident-II (D5). The number of combat units (depending on the power) - 8 or 16.

Time does not stand still.

Raytheon, Lockheed Martin and Boeing completed the first and key stage associated with the development of the defense campling of the kinetic interceptor (EXATMOSPHERIC KILL VEHICLE, EKV), which is an integral part of the mega-project - developed by the Pentagon of the global anti-missile defense based on anti-cancers, each of which is capable To carry several kinetic interception warheads (Multiple Kill Vehicle, MKV) to defeat the IBC with dividing, as well as "false" warheads

"The reached line is an important part of the concept of developing a concept," the Raytheon press service said, adding that it "complies with MDA plans and is the basis for the concept planned for December."

It is noted that Raytheon in this project Uses EKV creation experience, which is involved in the American global missile defense system operating since 2005 (Ground-Based Midcourse Defense, GBMD), which is intended for intercepting intercontinental ballistic missiles and their combat units in outer space outside The atmosphere of the Earth. Currently, 30 anti-missiles on Alaska and in California and 15 more missiles are planned to be deployed to 2017 to protect the continental territory of the United States.

Zapammorrower kinetic interceptor, which will be the basis for the now created MKV - the main afflicting element of the GBMD complex. The 64-kilographer is displayed by the anti-outer space where the contact damage is intercepted and the contact damage by enemy warheads thanks to the electron-optical guidance system protected from extraneous illumination with a special casing and automatic filters. The interceptor receives a target designation from ground radar, sets touch contact with a warhead and is indoor to it, maneuvering in outer space using rocket engines. The defeat of the warhead is carried out by a windshield taran in the oncoming course of the cumulative speed of 17 km / s: the interceptor flies at a speed of 10 km / c, the ICBM warhead is at a speed of 5-7 km / s. The kinetic blow of the blow, which makes up about 1 ton in the TNT equivalent, is enough to completely destroy the battle block of any thought design, and in such a way that the warhead is completely destroyed.

In 2009, the United States suspended the development of a program to combat separating warheads due to the emergency complexity of the production of the mechanism of breeding blocks. However, this year the program was revived. According to the NEWSADER analytical data, this is due to the increased aggression on the part of Russia and appropriate threats to apply nuclear weapons, which repeatedly expressed the highest officials of the Russian Federation, including President Vladimir Putin himself, who in the comments on the situation with the Annexing of Crimea frankly admitted that he was alleged It was ready to apply nuclear weapons in a possible conflict with NATO (the latest events related to the destruction of the Turkish Air Force of the Russian Bombarder are questioned by Putin's sincerity and suggest on the idea of \u200b\u200b"nuclear bluff" on his part). Meanwhile, it is known that Russia is the only state in the world, presumably owning ballistic missiles with dividing nuclear warheads, including "false" (distractions).

Raytheon stated that their brainchild would be able to destroy several objects at once with an improved sensor and other newest technologies. According to the company, for a time that has passed between the implementation of Standard Missile-3 and EKV projects, developers managed to achieve record performance in the interception of educational purposes in space - more than 30, which exceeds competitors.

Russia also does not stand still.

According to open sources, this year the first launch of the new intercontinental ballistic missile of the RS-28 "Sarmat" will take place, which should come to replace the previous generation of RS-20A missiles, known for the NATO classification as "Satan", and we are as "the governor" .

The Ballistic Rocket Development Program (ICBM) of the RS-20A was implemented under the "Guaranteed Response Strategy" strategy. President Ronald Reagan's Presidential Policy on the exacerbation of the confrontation of the USSR and the United States forced to take adequate response to cool the dust of the "hawks" from the presidential administration and pentagon. American strategists have believed that it is quite able to provide such a level of protection of the territory of its country from the attack of Soviet ICBMs, which can be simply noted for the international agreements achieved and continue to improve their own nuclear potential and missile defense systems (pro). "Voivode" was just another "asymmetric response" to Washington's actions.

The most unpleasant surprise for Americans was the dividing rocket warhead, which contained 10 elements, each of which carried a atomic charge with a capacity of up to 750 kilotons in TNT equivalent. On Hiroshima and Nagasaki, for example, they dropped off bombs, the capacity of which was "just" 18-20 kilotons. Such warheads were able to overcome the then American Pro Systems, and the infrastructure ensuring the launch of missiles was improved.

The development of a new ICBM is designed to solve several tasks at once: first, to replace the "voivot", the possibilities of which to overcome the modern American missile defense (pro) decreased; secondly, to solve the problem of the dependence of the domestic industry from Ukrainian enterprises, since the complex was developed in Dnepropetrovsk; Finally, give an adequate response to the continuation of the program of deployment of pro in Europe and the IJIS system.

According to the expectations of The National Interest, the Sarmat rocket will weigh at least 100 tons, and the mass of its head part can reach 10 tons. This means that the publication continues that the rocket will be able to transfer to 15 separating thermonuclear heads.
"Sarmatization range will be at least 9,500 kilometers. When it is adopted, it will be the biggest rocket in world history," the article is noted.

According to reports that appeared in the press, the heading enterprise for the production of the rocket will be NGO "Energomash", and the engines will supply the Perm Proton-PM.

The main difference between "Sarmat" from "Voevod" - the possibility of removing the warheads into a circular orbit, which dramatically reduces the limitations of the range, with this method of launching to attack the enemy's territory, it is possible not by the shortest trajectory, but for anyone and from any direction - not only through the North Pole But through the southern.

In addition, the designers promise that the idea of \u200b\u200bmaneuvering warheads will be implemented, which will resist with all types of existing anti-missiles and promising complexes using laser weapons. Anti-aircraft missiles "Patriot", which make up the basis of the American Pro, until they can effectively deal with actively maneuvering goals flying at speeds close to the hypersonic.
Maneuvering warheads promise to become so effective weapons against which there are no equal to the reliability of the means of opposition, which is not excluded by the option of creating an international agreement prohibiting or significantly limiting this species Arms.

Thus, together with marine bazing missiles and mobile railway complexes, Sarmat will become an additional and fairly effective containment factor.

If this happens, the efforts to place the missile defense systems in Europe may disappear, since the launch trajectory is such that it is unclear where the warheads will be focused.

It is also reported that missile mines will be equipped with additional protection from close gaps of nuclear ammunition, which will significantly increase the reliability of the entire system.

The first prototypes of the new rocket are already built. The beginning of launch tests is scheduled for the current year. If the tests go successfully, it will begin mass production Rockets "Sarmat", and in 2018 they will go to armament.

sources