The new head of the oil and gas monarchy studied in Britain will continue his father's course
One of the richest states in the world received a new ruler. The ruling Qatar Emir Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Tanya stated that he would leave his Emir post and conveys the powerful powers to the Crown Prince, Sheih Tamim.
Emir Qatar Sheikh Hamad Ben Khalif Al Tanya and Russian President Vladimir Putin (from left to right in the foreground) During the official meeting at the airport of the capital of Qatar Doha.
In the 61-year-old Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa al-Tanya, who was broadcasting around the Qatar television, Bain Califa Al-Tanya said that it was time to give the way to the young generation - and therefore, after a few weeks, his 33-year-old son was thinking after a few weeks.
According to rumors, the true cause of Emir's departure from power can hide in problems with his health.
Crown Prince Tamim received an education in Britain (however, his father also finished in the UK military Academy Sandhurst), but observers do not expect any serious change in the state's policy, despite the words of his father that a new page opens in the history of the country. The new monarch is known as a sports amateur - he is not only ill for Manchester United. He heads the Olympic Catar Committee and is a member of the International Olympic Committee. The prince headed the Organizing Committee for holding 2020 Olympic Games in the Doha Summer Olympic Games (True, Qatar was not lucky here). In many ways, his efforts, the katarians will become the hosts of the World Cup-2022 (however, evil tongues assure that Super-rich Qatar bought himself this right).
- His vision of the world is quite similar to his father, - quotes Reuters anonymous diplomat. - He is always calm, with a sense of humor, causing. And pretty warm. At the same time, he is very pragmatic. If there is a problem, he tries to solve it.
By the way, when a court was held in Qatar in the case of Russians, accused of murdering President Ichkeria Zelimkhan Yangarbiev, who came to bother for them from Moscow Russian high-ranking officials met with Prince Tamim. The case, as we remember, ended with the deportation of convicted Russians to their homeland.
Young Emir has two wives. In January 2005, he married his cousin Javacher Bint Hamad Bin Sukhaim Al-Tanya. They had two sons and two daughters. And in 2009, the Crown Prince took the daughter of the Qatari ambassador to Jordan Anud Bint Man Al-Kageri. She gave birth to a daughter and son (he was not still).
In his speech about the departure from power, the Emir did not mention the prime minister, nor the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar. But, as expected, they also have to leave their posts after the nearest monarch. The composition of the new government to be identified to the young Emir.
Such renunciation from power is a rarity for the Arab monarchies of the Persian Gulf. Sheikh Hamad Bin Caliph Al Tanya became Emir of Qatar in June 1995 as a result of a bloodless coup - after the overthrow of his father Califa Bin Hamad Al-Tanya, who was on vacation in Switzerland. The overthrown monarch lived for several years in exile and only in 2004 he was able to return to Qatar.
The Al-Tanya family rules Qatar, who received independence in 1971 after many years of the British Protectorate, for about 130 years. It is believed that in many ways, Emir Hamad has been reached prosperity and modernization of the oil and gas monarchy. For example, with it, it was introduced by selective law for women - for the first time in the region. Created during the reign of this emir television company Al-Jazeera became known to the whole world. The state of Emir Forbes itself estimated some time ago at $ 2.4 billion.
In recent years, has considerable wealth, due to its hydrocarbon reserves, the little Qatar tries to play a very active role in political processes in the Middle East and North Africa. It was Qatar who became one of the main "Singing" of a foreign intervention in Libya during civil WarNatar acts one of the most zealous critics of the Syrian President Bashar Assad and calls for the intervention of the Arab countries to the Syrian crisis, it was Qatar who provided its territory to the representation of the Afghan Taliban, raised to Raughty Kabul over the office of the White Flag of the Islamic Emirates Afghanistan office. And the Crown Prince Tamim showed considerable foreign policy activity - including loud statements on the Libyan problem and met with the leader of Tunisian Islamists Gunshi after the overthrow of the President Ben Ali.
August 12, 2015, 11:19In order to understand what kind of family, I suggest starting with a common one - from Qatar, from which Sheikh Mosa, her husband and children come true.
Reference information about Qatar
Civilization on the territory of Qatar is known from 3 millennia to our era. Then he was part of the State Dilmunty, which thriving through trade and occupied a more impressive territory. Nowadays, Qatar lies on a small peninsula in the northeastern part of Arabia with an area of \u200b\u200b11,493 square meters. km.
Geographically, Qatar belongs to the Middle East and the Zone of the Persian Gulf. Capital of Qatar - Doha. Qatar has a terrestrial border with Saudi Arabia and a marine border with Bahrain and the UAE. The population of this country is 2.42 million people. The kathips themselves make up less than one third of the population.
The climatic conditions here are very unfavorable - deserts and semi-deserts. In the north - low sandy plain with rare oases covered with moving (eol) sands; In the middle of the peninsula - a rocky desert with plots of salt marsh; In the south - high sandy hills. Continental tropical climate, dry. In summer, the temperature is often rising to 50 ° C. Peninsula is poor water. There are no permanent rivers, most of the water has to receive the desalination by the sea. Underground sources of fresh water and oases are mainly in the north of the country. Animal world Poofs, predominate reptiles and rodents.
The deserts did the life of people in Qatar heavy and short. The absence of permanent rivers, made it even more difficult. Therefore, the population was always small. However, the thirties of the twentieth century became a turning milestone in the success of these lands. It was then that rich oil reserves and the state bloomed. Before the detection of Oil Oil, Qatar was predominantly the catch of pearls and maritime trade. Until 1971, this emirate was under the Protectorator of Great Britain. After finding independence due to huge proceeds from the sale of oil and gas, Qatar turned into one of richest states Region.
For oil production, Qatar ranks 6th in the world, in addition, there is a giant natural gas reserves (2nd place after the Russian Federation), and its concentration on such a tiny patch makes mining very profitable. There are several power plants in Qatar, and electricity is released for the public. In addition to energy and oil production, which makes up the bulk of the budget income, Qatar is engaged in steel production.
Qatar absolute monarchy. From the 18th century, the power here captured Emirs of the genus Al Tanya. And since then no one has the right to control the catar, except for this kind. Emir appoints the Prime Minister, members of the Council of Ministers and the Advisory Council. Emir's power is limited only by the Frames of Sharia.
Nevertheless, despite the "backward" autocracy, the state is one of the most liberal in the region. And this is despite the fact that the population adheres to Islam, forcing the local to observe many prohibitions and restrictions. The American Journal "Forbes" calls Qatar the richest state in the world. This country is characterized by the highest indicator of human development in the Arab world.
Since 1992, Qatar works closely with the United States in the military sphere. In Qatar, the number of American military bases is also the largest after Kuwait. According to some political scientists, military presence is used by Americans to monitor political affairs and the economic situation in Qatar and other countries of the Middle East to further strengthen the US domination over the region.
Sheikh Hamad bin khalif al tanya
Sheikh Hamad is the head of the Al Tanya family, was the Emir of Qatar from June 27, 1995 to June 25, 2013.
Sheikh Hamad became the head of the state of Qatar in 1995 with the support of other family members while his father was in a foreign business trip in Switzerland. It was noted that by this time, in Hamad's hands, a majority of government management powers were concentrated. Having learned about the coup, Khalifa Ben Hamad publicly renounced the Son and on February 14, 1996 made an unsuccessful attempt to counterpersion. After that, Hamad, hiring the American law firm Patton Boggs and, with its help, having achieved freezing of foreign cash accounts of the Father, secured himself from new encroachments to power. Khalifa Ben Hamad was able to return to Qatar only in 2004 - after reconciliation with his son.
On June 24, 2013, Hamad announced that he was going to pass the power in the emirate to his son, the Kronprinto Tamimu Bin Hamad al Tanya. June 25, 2013 in television announced the rest of the rest.
The Board of Hamada became the epoch of reform and modernization of Qatar. First of all, the Qatar oil and gas complex received a new impetus for development due to the involvement of foreign investment of the world's largest companies: Exxonmobil, Shell, Total, and so on. As a result, Qatar became the leading manufacturer and exporter of liquefied natural gas.
Among the Arab rulers, Hamad was considered a progressive leader, despite the fact that she kept absolute power. In 1997, he made Qatar of the region of the region, which provided the authority of women, and in 1996 he contributed to the emergence of the Al-Jazeera TV channel. The TV channel is one of the most important tools for the influence of Qatar in the Middle East.
Humanitarian and charitable programs were greatly fame, who oversee the second wife Emir - Mosa. It is said that with the first wife, Sheikh Mariam Bint Muhammad, Hamad Ben Khalifa divorced even to marriage in Mosel. On the third, Sheikh Nure Bandage Halid, Emir married a lot later. And the first, and the third wife of Emir were his distant relatives. There are few people known about them, and few have seen them.
Sheikh Hamad has poor health, suffers from diabetes, operated. Diabetes is widespread in Qatar, for the indigenous people of which are traditional nearby marriage. At the Sheikha Hamad was repeatedly committed attempts.
Sheikh Moza.
Full name - Sheikh Moza Bandage Nasser Al-Missned.
Sheikh Mosa was educated in the field of sociology in National University Qatar (1986-1990), then passed an internship in leading universities in the United States. Sheikh Mosa's daughter of Qatar Oppositionist Nasser Bin Abdulla Al-Misned. The marriage of Schi Maosa and Sheikha Hamada is a dynastic marriage. His goal is to breed with her father - a famous oppositionist to stop stopping hostility between clans.
Sheikha Mosa, which is a rarity for the gangs of the rulers of other countries of the Persian Gulf, has a number of public and international positions, including honorary: head of the Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Public Development, President of the Supreme Council on Family Affairs; Vice-President of the Supreme Council on Education; Special Sale of UNESCO.
Sheikh Mosa considers his main goal to turn Qatar into the modern advanced country in the world, for which he participates in political, business, social and cultural life of their countries and the region.
She created a Arab democratic foundation in which her husband made the first contribution of 10 million dollars. The main task of this fund, as declared, is to promote the development of free media and civil society.
Sheikh Moz is also the initiator of the idea of \u200b\u200btransformation of Qatar into a new "silicon valley". For this purpose, the Qatari Park of Sciences and Technologies has been created, the opening of which took place at the end of 2008. Park attracted 225 million investments, including those of leading global companies like "Microsoft", "Shell" and "General Electric".
In addition, it is the initiator and the embodiment of the reality of the "educational city" in Qatar - the university town in the suburbs of the capital on the square of 2500 acres, where students are led by the leading professors of American universities. Actively encourages the activities of the leading Arabic television network Al-Jazeera.
Sheikh Mosa has the honorable doctoral titles of Virginia University of Commonwealth, Texas A & M University (Texas A & M University), University of Carnegie Mellon University, Imperial College London and University of Georgetown (University of Journal ( Georgetown University). Since 2010, the Commander of the Order of the British Empire.
In the Persian Gulf, this woman simultaneously causes admiration and irritation. None of the monarch wives appeared so often in public as Mosa. Its elegant style and refined taste causes admiration for European designers. And Muslims do not cease to be outraged by the fact that it wears emphasizing the shapes of the dress and covers the head of the turban, completely forgotten about the traditional black abay.
Political scientists say that she managed to accomplish an unprecedented in Qatar: in the patriarchal country to create actually matriarch. After the departure of her husband on peace in 2013 and the transfer of power to the Son, it is still considered one of the most influential women in the country and in the world.
About what influence in Qatar has a legend, it even in 2010 entered the list of 100 most powerful women in the world according to Forbes magazine. Those who have come to deal with the Sheikh Foundation admire its disability and purposefulness. But they will not be confused that the Foundation's office resembles a snake nest.
There are rumors that the sheikh of the brain is a tough. But otherwise she would simply could not defend his place under the sun. It is rumored that Sheikh Hamad married for the third time on evil Mosel, thereby demonstrating that her power is not bicked. But still no other woman was able to compare with the MOSE, which by that time became an expert on the diplomatic protocol and international etiquette, because it was she accompanied her husband in all foreign trips. And whether the coincidence is that it was during the reign of Sheikh Hamad a little Qatar managed to turn gas resources into financial prosperity and consolidate connections with London? It is believed that it is Mosel Qatar who owes these successes.
In Qatar, it is hardly praying. "Her Highness is the best thing that happened to Qatar," said the Qatar student Ezra Al-Ibrahim. "She inspires us all. With her arrival, Qatar has changed by 100%."
Shahi Mozya and Emir Qatar Seven Children (five sons and two daughters): Tamim Bin Hamad Bin Khalif Al Tanya (4th Emir Qatar from June 25, 2013); Jasim Bin Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Tanya; Joan Hamad Al Tanya; Khalifa Hamad Al Tanya; Mohamed Hamad Al Tanya; Al-Mayassa Hamad Al Tanya; Hind Hamad Al Tanya.
Everyone who knows the children of the brain, they say that she brought them perfectly. Dean of the Diplomatic School of Georgetown University in Qatar James Riedon-Andreson knows this for sure: "I know three of her children, and I am actually shocked. They could smoke herbs somewhere in the south of France, how many do many, but they are completely Others. How my father is admired with how this married couple raised his children. "
"We tried to raise our children as normal people. When I return home, we are talking to them about everything: what I did that I saw that they think they would want to do. Listen to the opinion of the young very helpful. All we are We do, we do for them, "says Sheikh Moz.
Jasim Bin Hamad Bin Khalif Al Tanya (born in 1978)
The former Crown Prince of Qatar is the third to the seniority of the son of the former Emir of Qatar Sheikha Hamad and the first son of the Sheikh Mozy.
Jasim received his education in the British Royal Military Academy in Sandhörst. After his end, the 2nd lieutenant was appointed Armed Forces Qatar on August 9, 1996. And on October 23 of the same year, he became the hereditary prince of Qatar. He replaced his senior gradent brother Mishaal Bin Hamad Bin Khalif al Tanya. Jasim refused his Herried Prince's right in favor of his younger brother Sheikh Tamim on August 5, 2003.
Sheikh Jasim is an honorary president Qatar National Society to Combat Cancer (QNCS) since 1997. In addition, he was Chairman of the Supreme Committee on Coordination and Consequences since 1999, Chairman of the Supreme Council on Ecology and Natural Resources, since 2000. He is also a patron of the Academy of ASPIRE Sportsmanship since 2003.
Sheikh Jasim married Sheikh Bayne Bandage Ahmad Al Tanya, Sheikha Hamada Bin Ali Al Tanya. On the this moment A couple of three children: one son and two daughters.
Tamim Bin Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Tanya (1980)
The second son of Mozoa and Emir.
He studied in the UK at Sherborne School, in Dorset (a copy of which he later reproduced in Doha). He also finished and higher schoolThe Royal Military Academy in Sandhoerste, served in the army of Qatar. Perfectly speaks English and personally familiar with Western leaders and their children.
Upon returning to the Motherland began to provide huge assistance to his father in government. Appointed heir to the throne in 2003 after the renunciation of the older brother Jassema. As mentioned above, in 2013 his father Hamad decided to refuse power in favor of his son, and Tamim became the new Emir of Qatar.
Some experts argue that Tamim came to power not without the help of his mother - Sheikh Maos. Despite the fact that purely formally the status of the brain dropped, because she is no longer the spouse of the ruling Emir, it has the power over her son, much more than her husband. She carefully protects him from the influence of the various political forces of Qatar. Therefore, the first political solution of the new Emir - the resignation of the premiere of Sheikh Hamada Ben Jasima Al-Tanya - a man, whose political views more than once crossed Mosel.
Experts do not exclude that even the overthrow of Hamad's father in 1995 during the holidays in Switzerland was the next goat. However, then no one thought about it. The result was important: then Sheikh Hamad became a new emir, and Sheikh Mosa was close as possible to power.
Sheikh Tamim is one of the youngest leaders of the heads of state and governments in the world, the youngest of the current monarchs in the world and the youngest Emir of Qatar for all the independence of the country.
Sheikh Tamim is headed by the Olympic Committee of the Qatar, is part of Qatar to the International Olympic Committee. He headed the Organizing Committee for holding in the Doha Summer Olympic Games 2020. This idea did not receive a continuation, because the IOC did not allow the capital of Qatar to the final.
Tamim is a lot of energy pays promoting sports in the country. Qatar is struggling for the right to hold not only the Olympic Games, but also many World Championships in different sports. We must admit, not unsuccessfully: the capital of the Doha country will adopt the boxing world championship, and in 2022 another football world championship will be held in the country. Earlier in 2010, the World Athletics World Championship was held in Doha.
Al Majass Hamad Al Tanya
Born in 1984. 14th on the seniority of the child at Sheikh Hamada and the emeyr's older daughter from the sheikh of the brain.
Sheikh Al Majass finished with the degree of bachelor of arts in the field of political science and literature University of Duke (Durham, North Carolina, USA) in 2005.
During school year 2003/2004 Al-Maysessa studied at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne and in the Paris Institute of Political Studies (known as Sciences Po.).
At the end of his training, Sheikh Al Majass founded public Organization "To stretch the hand of Asia" ("REACH OUT TO Asia"). This organization is a charitable aimed at helping the victims of natural disasters in Asia by providing quality education.
Al-Maysessa is headed by the Qatari Authority of the Museums and the Institute of Cinema in Doha, one of the leading cultural organizations of Qatar. Raspalica of the Qatari collections of art and inviting the world's leading arts in Doha, it embodies the cultural policy of the state of Qatar. In the period from 2005 to 2011, the United States of America in Qatar was taken out of works of art by more than $ 428 million. Over 128 million pounds of sterling cost the state of the painting and antiques exported for the same period from the UK.
"Many countries of the Arab world are very rich, but they have a poor population. There is a lack of innovation. Stagnation. Qatar is trying to become an example for imitation. It is proved that you can make a lot of changes in short time"," Al-Mayass said in 2007 in an interview with the American journal Travel + Leisure. The daughter of Qatari Emir dreams of breaking the walls of ignorance and illiteracy between East and West. She firmly convinced that every person can change something in this world. In March 2012. THE ECONOMOMIST. called her "Qatar queen of culture."
Sheikh Al Mayssa Al Tanya and her husband, Frederick Mitteraran, Takeshi Murakami and Jean Jacques Iiagon on the opening of the exhibition "Murakam Versailles" in the Versailles Castle.
Sheikh al-Mayass was married to Sheikh Jasim Bin Abdul Aziz Al Tanya on January 6, 2006. Sheikh Jassim - Senior Son Sheikh Abdul Aziz Bin Jasama Bin Hamad Al Tanya, so spouses come together with a cousin and sister. They currently have 3 sons.
Joan Hamad Al Tanya
Born in 1985. The fifth son of the former Emir of Qatar and the third child of Sheikh Moz. He was educated at the Military Academy in France (École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr). Married, four children.
He was the chairman of the organizing committee of the men's 2015 World Cup in the catar on handball.
Mohamed Hamad Al Tanya
Born in 1988. The sixth son of the former Emir of Qatar Sheikha Hamada, and the fifth child of Emir with her second wife Sheikh Moz.
A young man led a blog on instagram for a long time, but after completion of training and a new position in the Ministry of Qatar, a blog was deleted. Free speaks English and French. Not married.
He studied at the Catar Academy and was a member of the first graduation class of Georgetown University of the School of Diplomatic Service in Qatar, where he received a bachelor's degree in 2009. In 2013, he graduated from Harvard University, in which he received a master's degree.
Sheikh Mohammed former captain of the Qatarian equestrian team. He was also the chairman of Qatar in the competition for the next World Cup in 2022. As mentioned above, Qatar won this contest.
Khalifa Hamad al tanya
Born in 1989 Younger son Moos.
There is very little information about him in the English-language and Russian-speaking press. Due to the fact that his name is consonant with the name of the grandfather, the former Emir of Qatar, is mainly shown information about the emir. Also on the Internet there are very few photos of this young man. It may be connected with the small public activity of the caliph. If someone from the gossip holds Arabic, probably will be able to find more complete information about it.
Hind Hamad Al Tanya
Molding daughter Emir and Moos. It is also some of the information in Anglo and the Russian-language online.
Sheikh Hinda just like her sister, graduated from the University of Duke in Durham (North Carolina). As director of Emir's headquarters and headquarters, Hinda did not just stand in the side of the road, but was a key adviser to his father, helping to formulate him politics, as well as the presentation of Qatar on numerous conferences and official visits abroad. By doing so, she became the face of a new generation of Qatari women. It was not quite clear whether she was the director of Emir's management after the father's departure from power. But in some sources it is stated that it has been headed by the management of Emir since 2009. From the photo on the Internet, it can be seen that it, like other family members, is actively involved in the life life of the country.
Here is such an interesting country and interesting rulers.
Emir Katar.
Emir Qatar since 1995, Qatar Prime Minister (1995-1996). Prior to this, the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of Qatar (1972-1995), Minister of Defense (1977-1995), Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the Qatar (1989-1995), Chairman of the State Committee on Youth Affairs of Qatar (1979-1991).
Hamad Ben Khalifa Al Tanya (Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Thani) was born on January 1, 1952. He became the eldest (according to other data, the second for seniority) of the five sons of Khalifa Ben Hamad Al Tanya - the cousin of the ruined then Emir Qatar Ali Ben Abdullah Ali Tanya (Ali Bin Abdullah Ali), representative Al-Tanya dynasty, managing the country from the mid-19th century,.
After graduating from school in Qatar (having received a home education), Hamad continued his studies in the UK, where in 1971 he graduated from the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (Royal Military ACADEMY Sandhurst). It was noted that many Middle Eastern monarchs became graduates of the same educational institution, including the king of Jordan Abdullah II (Abdullah II) and Sultan Oman Ben Said (Qaboos Bin Said Al Said). Returning to the Motherland, Hamad began the service in the armed forces of Qatar in the rank of lieutenant colonel and in 1971-1972 he commanded the first battalion of the MotoFood, later named in his honor "Battalion Hamada" ,,,.
In the same 1971, Qatar, since 1916, under the British Protectorate, became an independent state, and in February 1972, Hamad's father, lowered his cousin Ahmad Ben Ali Ali Al-Tanya (Ahmad Bin Ali Al Thani) became Emir of Qatar. Having come to power, he began to conduct reforms aimed at modernizing the country, reduced government spending on the content of the ruling dynasty and sent a significant part of the revenues from oil production and gas to support social programs. Hamad in 1972 (in some media mentioned 1975) was produced in Majo-General and appointed the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of Qatar.
In 1977, Hamad became the heir to the throne and the Minister of Defense of the country. Under his leadership, the modernization of the Qataric Armed Forces was carried out, during which the introduction was focused on modern armament and training personnel ,. In 1979, Hamad became Chairman of the State Committee on Youth Affairs, and in 1989 he headed one of the key departments of Qatar - the State Planned Committee, who was responsible for the development of industry and agriculture of the country.
In 1991, the Armed Forces of Qatar, headed by Hamad, participated in the war for the liberation of Kuwait from the Iraqi occupation ,. In June 1993, Hamad became Deputy Emir (Deport Emir); It was noted that by this time in his hands was focused by a majority of government management powers ,.
June 27, 1995, when his father, who spent most of the time in foreign trips, was in Switzerland, Hamad declared himself a new emir and Qatar Prime Minister (after a year, the post of head of the government he handed his brother Abdullah (Abdullah Bin Khalifa Al Thani)) ,,, Having learned about the coup, Khalifa Ben Hamad publicly renounced the Son and on February 14, 1996 made an unsuccessful attempt to counterpersion. After that, Hamad, hiring the American law firm Patton Boggs and, with its help, having achieved freezing of foreign cash accounts of the Father, secured himself from new encroachments to power. Khalifa Ben Hamad was able to return to Qatar only in 2004 - after reconciliation with the son ,, At the same time, according to some information, not all members of the "family" al-Tanya recognized his power and returned from emigration.
Having come to power, Hamad, as the media noted, became the youngest and most reformist tuned by the monarch of the Persian Gulf. Surrounding ourselves also with young, which received Western education technocrats, he carried out a number of economic reforms, including the privatization of a number of demanding modernization of state-owned enterprises. The Government of Hamad paid special attention to the development of the gas sector of the industry, primarily the production and export of liquefied natural gas: having started selling small LNG volumes in 1997, by 2006 Qatar became the world's largest exporter of this type of raw material in the world.
In addition, Hamad has taken serious reform political system Qatar. In 1999, direct elections in the municipal council (consultative body under the Ministry of Municipal Administration) were held in the country (consultative body at the Ministry of Municipal Administration), and both men and women who provided themselves to the Council could vote. In 2003, the Constitution of Qatar was adopted on the referendum, according to which the parliament was established, consisting of 45 deputies (two thirds of them were to be elected, the others were appointed by Emir). However, the parliamentary elections appointed for 2007 were transferred several times. In 2010, Hamad announced that parliamentary elections will be held at the end of 2013 ,,. As Western journalists have repeatedly noted, with all these changes, the State Device of Qatar remained far from democratic: there was a ban on the activities of political parties in the country, freedom of speech was limited, and the power of the monarch itself remained virtually unlimited.
In his foreign policy, Qatar at the board of Hamada held a moderate position and sought to support relations with all regional forces. Qatar often performed an intermediary in resolving various political conflicts in the Middle East, including the 2008 government crisis in Lebanon, conflict in Sudan Darfur, the confrontation of Palestinian movements of Fatah and Hamas, as well as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, ,. Analysts noted the transition of Qatar for more aggressive foreign policy with the beginning of the "Arab Spring" (waves of the People's Reisings of 2010-2011 in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria and other countries) ,; Moreover, in the Russian official press, Qatar, headed by Al-Tanya, was called her "main sponsor and ideologue." Qatar became the first Arab state, supporting NATO military operation in Libya and sent six fighters of their Air Force, later Qatar actively supported the armed opposition in Syria. In general, media were celebrated, Hamad had a reputation as a pro-American registered policy: In this regard, the press paid attention to Hamad's support from the United States in 1995, as well as the fact that in 2003 the main base of the US Air Force in the region was transferred from Saudi Arabia in the region Qatar (Al Udeid Air Base) ,.
One of the most important instruments of the influence of Qatar in the Middle East of the media called the Al-Jazeera information channel, which began to work in November 1996. Hamad made one of the founders of Al-jazee, by his decree by providing a grant television company in the amount of 137 million dollars for a five-year term. After this time, the Catar government continued to provide television companies annual financial support ,,.
In April 2007, Hamad appointed a new Prime Minister Sheikh Hamada Ben Jasim Ben Jaber Al-Tanya (Hamad Bin Jaber Bin Jaber Al Thani). The new head of the cabinet retained the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs of Qatar, who since 1992 ,.
The Arab media has repeatedly reported to prevent the attempts of the state coup with the aim of removing Hamada from power: in particular, such reports appeared in October 2002, August 2009 and February 2011 ,,. In the last plot, according to some reports, members of the royal family and the highest ranks of the Qatari army, including the head of the Hamada Ben Ali Al-Attiyah, were participating, including the head of the Hamad Bin Ali Al-Attiyah. Also in February 2011, the manifesto of the Qatari opposition was distributed, the authors of which (among them 16 members of the Al-Tanya family) declared Hamad's regime illegitimate and declared support for the exile of Brother Emir Abdul Aziza (Abdul Aziz Bin Khalifa in Hamad Al-Thani) , accusing Hamad and his surroundings in relations with the United States and Israel, Antiararab Policy and Corruption ,.
In September 2011, some Arab media reported at the attempted Hamada: on the information that appeared, Emir's escort was attacked in Doha, when Hamad went to his palace after meeting with the Russian ambassador (according to other data - to a meeting with the ambassador). It was also reported that as a result of the attempt, eight guards were killed, and Emir himself was injured. However, members of the Emir family later refuted the information about the attempt.
Hamad is known for its interest in the development of sports: it was noted that he pays a lot of attention to the development sports infrastructure Countries and conduct in Qatar world-class competitions. So, since 2004, one of the steps of the World Motorcycle Racing Championship (Qatar Grand Prix) are held in Qatar, in 2006, Asian Games were held in the country, and in 2010, FIFA satisfied the request of Qatar for the World Cup of the World Cup 2022 - it is for the first time Must go in one of the countries of the Middle East ,.
Hamad awarded orders of dozens of states of the world, including Oman, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Indonesia, United Kingdom, France, Morocco, Lebanon, Jordan, Tunisia, Senegal, Pakistan, Germany, Romania, Italy, Yemen, Cuba, Côte d "Ivoire , Finland, Greece, Dominican Republic, Portugal, Croatia, Malta, the Netherlands, Macedonia and Albania.
Forbes magazine in 2010 appreciated Hamad's personal state of 2.4 billion dollars.
In the media published information that Hamad Ben Khalifa al-Tanya sick diabetes - the disease that is widespread in Qatar, for the indigenous people of which are traditional nearby marriage ,.
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Report: Qatar Emir Foils Coup Attempt Amid Growing Tensions. - Al Bawaba., 28.02.2011
The high position and status of the progressive woman of the Persian Gulf of Sheikh Mosa must be obliged to parents, her husband and their volitional character.
The first gave daughters excellent education at the National University of Qatar, the spouse allowed for an internship in the United States, but all this succeeded due to the perseverance and flexibility of the Moosa alone. The second of the three wives of Emir Hamada Bin Khalifa Al Tanya was the only right to remove the barrack and accompany the spouse on international visits.
After the arrival of her husband to power, Sheikh Mosa did everything possible to improve the position of women in Qatar - she became the head of the Qatari Foundation for Education, Science and Public Development, President of the Supreme Council on Family Affairs. In many ways, thanks to the efforts of Sheikh, Qatari women began to receive more often higher education And managed to drive a car.
It not only takes high posts in the government of the country, where the weak floor is not accepted at all, but also has a great influence on her husband that for the Middle East - nonsense. It is the son of the second wife Sheikh Hamad Bin Califa Al Tanya voluntarily handed over to the country's leadership.
Forbes magazine has repeatedly included the first Lady of Qatar on the list of the most influential women of the world and business leaders of the Persian Gulf.
Shahi Mozy style
The wonderful feeling of style and the impeccable beauty of the Shahi Mozy was delighted by the world fashion industry in 2002 after her audacious appearance in public without a parandi. Experts noted the progressiveness of the images of a woman who managed to combine fashion trends and religious requirements in clothing. Sheikh Mosa wears bright dresses in the floor and wide pants, but always complements the European outfit suitable in the color of the turban and luxurious decorations in the style of "1001 and one night".
Catar's public figure chooses the attached silhouettes that emphasize slender figure: It is difficult to believe that Sheikh is a mother of seven children.
In Makeup, Mosa gives tribute to the traditions of the East and focuses on the eyes, taking them with thick black arrows.
Sheikh Mosa before and after plastics (photo)
Photos of the neck of the brain in youth carefully hidden from the eyes of the public, but by pictures recent years It is possible to conclude about the love of the spouse of the third Emir of Qatar for cosmetology and plastic surgery. As befits the status, it is done professionally, carefully, it is not striking, but emphasizes beauty and prolongs youth. In secular circles, such changes in appearance are not discussed out loud, but sometimes they say that sheikh has made 12 plastic operations.
The clear oval of faces, tightened the forehead without wrinkles and an open view of a 59-year-old woman hardly a consequence of the right lifestyle and good genetics, and rather - the result of lifting and Botox Ukolov. To preserve the rejuvenating suspended effect and maintain the skin tone, Mosa Bandage Nasser Al-Missned passes through cosmetology and hardware procedures.
For oriental women, high and relief cheekbones are uncharacteristic, so the cheeks are "apples" of the wife of the former Emir - a consequence of bulk contour plastics with fillers.
Some photos suggest on the thoughts about Rhinoplasty: at the dawn of his political career Sheikh Moza was the owner of the nose with a wider tip. Perhaps the angle plays the evil joke.
With the help of fillers, the monarch also adjusts the form and volume of lips, if you look at the photo, you can see how in different periods they change with the same type of make-up. The effect of chubby lips Sheikh is achieved not only by injuries of beauty, but also with cosmetics - she often leaves the lipstick for the Red Cimea, creating a visual volume.
Experts on plastic surgery note that the most stylish woman of the Arab world could do bluperoplasty: over time, her glance became more open, and the eyebrows were raised in Europe.
Sheikh Mosa never talks about plastic Operations and prefers to give interviews solely on social meaningful topics. But the influential personality is always under the sight: according to rumors, a visit to the Esthetic Medicine clinic cost a spouse of an ex-emir in $ 2 million.
Even if it is true, the impressive amounts are not in vain: Sheikh Mosa is the true icon of style and beauty, worthy imitation.
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As folk wisdom says, East is a delicate matter. This is especially true of the Arab powers of the Persian Gulf. A vivid example of a huge number of palace intrigues, betrayal and ingenious political moves is the Kingdom of Qatar, where in 2013 there was another change in power, and the right to lead the country passed from the Father to the Son. This article will be discussed about the current emir of the country named Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya.
basic information
The future ruler was born in the capital of Qatar in Dhaha on June 3, 1980. At the moment, the man is the most young ruler-monarch on the whole of our planet.
It is worth noting that in the queue for the throne Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya, he held far from the first position, and in many respects, probably because his father sent him to learn from native land UK. There, a young man received an excellent education. Initially, he successfully graduated from a private school in Sherbon, and a graduate of the Sandhurst Military Academy became a little later.
After his return to his homeland, Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya became a serviceman to his country and was a pilot.
In 2003, his elder brother unexpectedly finally refused his own right to go to the throne in favor of the article hero.
New life
Not yet in power, the acting monarch of Qatar began to actively help his father in many issues of managing a rich state. In particular, former officer paid the closest attention to the development of sports. To do this, he was headed by the Olympic Committee of the Qatar, became a member of the International Olympic Committee, took under personal control of the work of the organizing committee dealing with the 2020 Summer Olympiad, which was supposed to go in Doha, but later Qatar was expelled from the list of applicants for adoption of games.
From the sports achievements of Araba, it is worth noting that in many respects, thanks to him, his Middle East country will adopt the world football championship of 2022. And for this event, the monarchy allocated about $ 100 billion, in order to improve and optimize infrastructure for this. At the same time, many unfriendlies say that in favor of Qatar during his choice as a host country for the World Cup of the Football Championship, due to the fact that there was colossal corruption.
On the top
Emir Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya became at the helm of his country in 2013. Initially, in a narrow family circle on June 25, his father told his desire to renounce the throne. But officially his decision Hamad Bin Califa Al Tanya voiced after a while already on television. So the era of the new ruler began.
According to experts, the current 4th Emir of Qatar walked around its competitors' brothers in the struggle for the throne in many respects due to its moderate religiosity, excellent education and a tough business grip. The rest of his relatives were either too mired in numerous entertainment, or devote too much time to prayers, not state issues and issues.
Also, observers noted that initially the situation on the most important post of power for the prince was not too strong. And all because he was not supported by the army and the secret police - structures that in Qatar have tremendous powers and strength. Nevertheless, the acting Emir had enough wisdom and patience to drag the security forces to their side and thereby avoid a potentially possible public coup.
Recipe for success
Qatar is a very small country, which is difficult to find on the map. But at the same time, its value for the planetary economy is very large, because in its depths there are colossal deposits of natural gas, equal to about 15% of global reserves. Such a gift of nature allowed Qatar to become one of the world leaders in the supply of liquefied gas, and the Emir himself confidently feel in matters foreign Policy And not too distracted by the judgments of critics.
In the service of your own people
Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya, unlike his dad, who paid attention to the development international relations, seriously focused on the inner life of his homeland.
Already in the first years of his reign, the fourth Emir of Qatar provided the construction of a new road network around Doha, gave impetus to the development of the capital metro.
The ruler also significantly optimized numerous government spending, reduced the ministry related to its functions, cut off unnecessary programs. Tracts on the maintenance of the country's museums were also undergoed significant reduction.
Since Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya, the growth of which is 196 centimeters, is afraid of development in the society of revolutionary ideas, and the dynasty should be in stability, he decided to enjoy its people affordable food. For this purpose, a considerable reorganization has been subject to food security program, with the help of which subsidies are issued to companies that reduce the cost of food.
Criticism from the international community
Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya, the state of which is estimated at $ 2 billion, is considered to be global human rights organizations to some degree Tiran. And all because in Qatar, the human rights is completely violated, and in this disappointing indicator the state takes one and leading positions on the planet.
The kingdom in parallel with other oil monarchies of the Middle Eastern region became a member of the International Criminal Persecution Agreement for insulting to any of the leaders of the region on the UN World Wide Web. In a word, Qatar became a power, which is very hard punishable of his own citizens for the expression of them of political views going against the official position of the local monarch.
However, the oppression of citizens is not the only one that the fourth Eir of Qatari Land is known. It is regular from many sides to hear that he sponsors radical Islamists in general and Syrian rebels in particular. And the bill in this matter goes to billions of dollars. Simply put, the autocrats are directly involved in the organization of civil bloodshed in Syria, which led to a huge number of victims among the local civilian population and a significant increase in refugee flow to Europe.
In addition, in conversations about Qatar, journalists and lawyers noted that labor migrants in this country are absolutely powerless and defenseless people who are constantly oppressed and in every way discriminate.
Relationships with neighbors
Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya, whose personal life will be discussed below, is a person who is very annoying the leading political player of the Middle East - Saudi Arabia. In connection with the support of Islamic terrorists by Emir Qatar, he was put forward demands in an ultimative form by several countries in the summer of 2017. The list of requirements, which were announced by representatives of Egypt, Bahrain, UAE, Saudi Arabia, were:
Breaking relationship with Iran;
Termination of the financing of terrorists;
Closing the Al-Jazeera TV channel;
Termination of military cooperation with Turkey;
Refusal to interference in the internal affairs of other countries;
Refusal to support opposition adjacent powers.
It is worth saying that all these requirements Emir Qatar subsequently rejected. And in many ways it is explained by the fact that it is under the protection of the United States, even despite difficult relations with Donald Trump.
Family status
Tamim Bin Hamad Al Tanya and his wife is a special topic that deserves separate attention. For the first time, the monarch married even long before coming to power. In 2005, his wife became his own cousin, who later, who later, who later had four children.
In 2014, Emir married for the third time, and he has another son from the new chief.
